The 1990s

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Cheffins
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
World War ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
External Constraints ◽  
Public Company ◽  
American Economy

Chapter 5 deals with the 1990s, a decade when changing market conditions dramatically affected perceptions of public companies and the executives in charge. Pessimism prevalent as the 1990s got underway would dissipate in a few years with the American economy and the stock market both thriving. Public company executives ended the decade riding high in a manner that was unmatched throughout the post–World War II era. Concomitantly, confidence in the efficacy of internal and external constraints affecting public company management grew substantially. Optimism about corporate governance would quickly dissipate, however, when public companies suffered a sharp reversal of fortunes as the 2000s got underway.

Managerial Capitalism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Cheffins
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
World War ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
Managerial Capitalism ◽  
Public Company ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Financial Capitalism ◽  
Corporate Wrongdoing

This chapter focuses on managerial capitalism, which prevailed in large American public companies from the end of World War II until the 1980s. The chapter opens by summarizing managerial capitalism’s key features. Managerial capitalism’s rise to prominence is explored next. The superseding of “financial capitalism” is described and reasons that a divorce between the ownership of shares and managerial control became the norm in large firms are canvassed. The remainder of the chapter describes the nature of managerial capitalism during its 1950s and 1960s heyday. Particular emphasis is placed on explaining why corporate wrongdoing was a rarity despite seemingly wide discretion being bestowed upon public company executives.

scholarly journals The Rise of the Small Investor in the United States and United Kingdom, 1895 to 1970

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANETTE RUTTERFORD ◽  
DIMITRIS P. SOTIROPOULOS
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
The United States ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
The Uk

The role of the small shareholder has been largely ignored in the literature, which has tended to concentrate on controlling shareholders and family ownership. Yet, focus on the importance of small shareholders can capture significant aspects of financial development. Pre-1970 debates and policy conflicts linked to stock exchange development concentrated on shareholder democracy and diffusion as key indicators. This article explores the so-called democratization of investment and the factors behind it through the lens of trends in estimates of the UK and U.S. shareholding populations between 1895 and 1970. It covers three key periods: before World War I, before and after the stock market crash of 1929, and post-World War II. It identifies three periods in the United States when shareholder numbers were paramount: in the boom years of the 1920s, as part of the inquest into the 1929 crash, and post-World War II in an attempt to boost stock market activity. In the United Kingdom, although some concern was expressed during the 1920s and 1930s at the passive nature of small investors, who held diversified portfolios with small amounts in each holding, it was the fear of nationalization after World War II that led to more in-depth shareholder estimates.

THE ROLE AND ROLE OF OIL POLICY IN SAUDI ARABIA IN POST WORLD WAR II ECONOMIC LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Maftuna Sanoqulova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oil Policy

This article consists of the politics which connected with oil in Saudi Arabia after the World war II , the relations of economical cooperations on this matter and the place of oil in the history of world economics

Dynamics of Immigration: From Humanitarianism to Securitization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reumah Suhail
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
Immigration Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

The paper addresses the different aspects of the politics of immigration, the underlying factors that motivate, force or pressurize people to move from their country of origin to new abodes in foreign nations. In the introduction the paper discusses different theories playing their due role in the immigration process, namely Realism and Constructivism. The paper examines the history of immigration and post-World War II resettlement followed by an analysis of how immigration policies are now centered towards securitization as opposed to humanitarianism after 9/11, within the scenario of globalization. Muslim migrant issues and more stringent immigration policies are also weighed in on, followed by a look at immigration in regions which are not hotspot settlement destinations. Lastly an analysis is presented about the selection of a host country a person opts for when contemplating relocation; a new concept is also discussed and determined whereby an individual can opt for “citizenship by investment” and if such a plan is an accepted means of taking on a new nationality.

LABOR'S CHANGING RESPONSES TO MANAGEMENT RHETORICS: A STUDY OF ACCOUNTING-BASED INCENTIVE PLANS DURING THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie S. Oakes ◽  
Mark A. Covaleski ◽  
Mark W. Dirsmith
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Incentive Plans ◽  
Information Change

This study compares organized labor's reactions to changing management rhetorics as these rhetorics surrounded accounting- based incentive plans, including profit sharing. Results suggest that labor's perceptions of profit sharing changed dramatically from the 1900–1930 period to post-World War II. The shift, in turn, prompts an exploration of two research questions: (1) how and why did the national labor discourse around the management rhetoric and its emphasis on accounting information change, and (2) how did this change render unions more governable in their support for accounting-based incentive plans?

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