“FREEDOM” OF WOMEN IN UZBEKISTAN: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES

As a result of the reforms of the Soviet state on women’s issues in the territory of our country, women became literate. From women came well-known representatives of varios fields. Alternatively, employed women were dismissed illegally for various social reasons under varios pretexts. This article describes how such women suffer economically and mentally.Keywords:Uzbek woman, illiteracy courses, public investigator, social background, qori, commander

SOME COMMENTS ABOUT THE INFLUENCE OXUS CIVILIZATION IN THEARABIAN GULF

It is known that the Oxus civilization in the Bronze Age, with its unique material culture, interacted with a number of cultural countries: the Indian Valley, Iran, Mesopotamia, Elam and other regions. As a result of these relationships, interactions and interactions are formed. Archaeologists turn to archaeological and written sources to shed light on the historiography of this period. This research is devoted to the history of cultural relations between the Oxus civilization and the countries of the Arabian Gulf in the Bronze Age. The article highlights cultural ties based on an analysis of stamp seals and unique artifacts.Key words: Dilmun, Magan, marine shell, Arabian Gulf, Bahrain, Mesopotamia, Harappa, Gonur, Afghanistan

PROBLEMS OF ETHNOGENESIS AND ETHNIC HISTORY OF THE UZBEK PEOPLE IN THE DISSERTATION STUDIES OF THE MODERN HISTORY OF THE COUNTRY

The article examines the relevance of the problem of ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people, its importance in historical science. Ethnographic, anthropological, historiographic, source study, archaeological dissertation research on the topic for the years of independence is analyzed. Scientific views, opinions and approaches to the problem in scientific research are described from a historiographic point of view. During the years of independence, local researchers have carried out a small number of dissertations on this issue. These studies are important for studying the ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people.Index Terms:ethnos, ethnogenesis, ethnic history, turkic tribes, ethnography, archeology, anthropology, historiography, source study

THE HISTORY OF POPULATION MIGRATION FROM EASTERN TURKESTAN IN THE FERGHANA REGION AT THE END OF THE XIX CENTURY

The article discusses the problem of the peoples of East Turkestan fleeing the oppression of the Chinese Manchus and moving to two regions of Central Asia: the 70s and the Fergana Valley.An independent state will be created in East Turkestan by the military leader and diplomat Yakubbek. After his death in 1877, a struggle for the throne began between his sons, which passed into the hands of the Chinese. The occupation of the Etishahr state led to a massive resettlement ofthe population to the Fergana Valley. As a result of migration, large numbers of ethnic Uyghurs migrated to the Fergana Valley and Uyghur villages emerged.

FIRST ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXPLORATIONS AND STRATIGRAPHIC EXCAVATIONS IN THE TERRITORY OF THE ZARAFSHAN VALLEY IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY

The author of the article claims that archaeological research and scientific research were carried out in Central Asia at the beginning of the twentieth century, including in the Zarafshan valley. The article presents material on the directions of development of archaeological science in Uzbekistan on the example of several prominent scientists and specialists who carried out archaeological excavations at the beginning of the twentieth century. It also reveals the origins ofthe formation of archaeological research methodology at the early stages of the formation and development of archeology. The author notes large archaeological expeditions and their achievements during the period under study. However, besides the merits and achievements in scientific theoretical and practical research, errors, lack of personnel, experience, and methods for conducting archaeological excavations and research are shown

COOPERATION OF UZBEKISTAN WITH FRANCE IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION AND ITS PROSPECTS

The article covers the basics of education in Uzbekistan and France, the study of French in Uzbekistan, inter-university issues, scientific news, the dynamics of Uzbek requirements for education in France, public education and preschool education. perspective relations The analysis ofopinions and comments on the rise of relations in the field of education to a new era was carried out.IndexTerms:education, cooperation, French Alliance, dynamics, research, IFEAC, private sector, agreement, tourism, free education, staff exchange, intellectual potential, international experience in teaching

THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY -THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE COLONIES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY(on the example of the Central Asian region )

The article provides information on the organization of Russian-system schools by the Russian Empire, the implementation of several works aimed at ensuring the literacy of spiritual and educational, religious and secular knowledge of the local population, women and girls, as well as the creation of an educational system aimed at russifying the local population and broadening Russian culture in the region. From the very beginning of the Soviet regime, it was shown that the main attention was paid to the issue of education of Muslim women and girls.Index Terms:primary education, otinoi, Russian-native schools, gymnasium, Muslim society, S. Yenikeeva, democracy, enlightenment, new methodological schools

FROM THE HISTORY OF COMMERCIAL RELATIONS IN THE STATE OF AMIR TEMUR AND THE CHINESE (MIN) EMPIRE

This article discusses trade relations with China during the reign of Amir Temur, a blow to the northern trade route bypassing the people of the Chigatay ulus and the wider participation of southern cities in world trade and economic relations between the state of Amir Temur and the Chinese (Minsk) dynasty, relations were carried out in mainly through East Turkestan, the trade routes passing through this region and the characteristics of the roads were analyzed. Also, a comparative analysis of historical literature data highlights the main trade products related to the value of silk, tea, porcelain in the state of Amir Temur's horses in China

LIFE AND SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF QADI ABU YUSUF

The article examines the life and scientific activity of one of the founders of the Hanafism movement, Qadi Abu Yusuf.Abu Yusuf's scientific travels, mentors and important events related to them are coming. It was revealed how much his scientific and political activities contributed to the spread of the mythology of the country and the direction of Hanafism.Valuable information about great scientists and the scientific heritage of the scientist was also given. In conclusion, in the works written by scientists, conclusions were drawn about the lifeof that period and its influence on the literature of the subsequent period.Index Terms:Abu Yusuf, text, fikh (islamic law), hadith, hanafi, qadi (judge), owners-taxrij, comment

THE EMPLOYMENT OF EXPERIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE “FORMER PEOPLE” IN THE SOVIET INSTITUTIONSOF THE TASSR –UZBEK SSR

This article, based on the involvement of archival sources and historical literature, shedding the light on experience and knowledge of former imperial officials in Soviet institutions of the TASSR -Uzbek SSR. Despite the fact of the "imperial past", the Soviet government for the first time attracted actively a loyal part of the old society to work in Soviet institutions, because it had been in dire need of highly qualified personnel until the moment when a new generation of Soviet employees would not be "educated" and "trained".Index Terms: archival sources, soviet historiography, Soviet Turkestan and Uzbekistan, "former people", the Soviet government, the employment of experience and knowledge, «specialists»