Counterfeiting Confidence

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-50
Author(s):  
Susanna L. Blumenthal
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Court Records ◽  
Confidence Man ◽  
The Law ◽  
Point Of Departure

Taking Herman Melville’s The Confidence-Man (1857) as a point of departure, this essay explores the perils of trusting too much or too little in the representations of strangers in a burgeoning capitalist society. It attends in particular to the “natural struggle between charity and prudence” that was exhibited not only by fictional passengers on the steamboat Fidèle but also by their real-life counterparts in nineteenth-century American courtrooms, where alleged con men and women were more than occasionally called to account for their questionable moneymaking ventures. While many of the era’s imaginative writers figured the law and its enforcers as marginal and ill equipped to meet the challenges posed by fraudsters, contemporary court records tell a different story, revealing the ways members of the bench and bar endeavored to police the ambiguous borderlands between capitalism and crime.

Hanging Matters: Petty Theft, Sentence of Death, and a Lost Statute of Edward I

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Henry Summerson
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Court Records ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Way ◽  
Edward I

This article discusses an important aspect of the law relating to theft in thirteenth-century England, and one of the ways in which that law developed. Central to it is the argument that the treatise The Mirror of Justices and references in court records and reports show that a short statute enacted early in the reign of Edward I, probably in 1278, categorically defined 12d. as the amount, whether in goods or money, at which larceny became a capital felony, incurring judgment of death. As well as setting out the evidence for this hitherto overlooked ordinance, the article also argues that the statute can be associated with some significant developments in the way petty theft was treated subsequently. In particular it had the effect of promoting the development of penal imprisonment, while since the task of valuation was given to trial juries, it further enhanced the leading role of the latter in determining the fates of the men and women whose lives depended on their verdicts.

العربية المقاربة المقاصديّة في ردّ ابن فودي على القادح في جلستهم الدعويّة

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alawiye Abdulmumin Abdurrazzaq ◽  
Ahmad Wifaq Mokhtar ◽  
Abdul Manan Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Subject

This article is aimed to examine the extent of the application of Islamic legal objectives by Sheikh Abdullah bn Fudi in his rejoinder against one of their contemporary scholars who accused them of being over-liberal about the religion. He claimed that there has been a careless intermingling of men and women in the preaching and counselling gathering they used to hold, under the leadership of Sheikh Uthman bn Fudi (the Islamic reformer of the nineteenth century in Nigeria and West Africa). Thus, in this study, the researchers seek to answer the following interrogations: who was Abdullah bn Fudi? who was their critic? what was the subject matter of the criticism? How did the rebutter get equipped with some guidelines of higher objectives of Sharĩʻah in his rejoinder to the critic? To this end, this study had tackled the questions afore-stated by using inductive, descriptive and analytical methods to identify the personalities involved, define and analyze some concepts and matters considered as the hub of the study.

Priesthood Ordination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Stapley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Church Leaders ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Joseph Smith ◽  
Book Of Mormon ◽  
The Temple ◽  
The Church ◽  
Power And Authority

Early Mormons used the Book of Mormon as the basis for their ecclesiology and understanding of the open heaven. Church leaders edited, harmonized, and published Joseph Smith’s revelation texts, expanding understandings of ecclesiastical priesthood office. Joseph Smith then revealed the Nauvoo Temple liturgy, with its cosmology that equated heaven, kinship, and priesthood. This cosmological priesthood was materialized through sealings at the temple altar and was the context for expansive teachings incorporating women into priesthood. This cosmology was also the basis for polygamy, temple adoption, and restrictions on the participation of black men and women in the church. This framework gave way at the end of the nineteenth century to a new priesthood cosmology introduced by Joseph F. Smith based on male ecclesiastical office. As church leaders expanded the meaning of priesthood to comprise the entire power and authority of God, they struggled to integrate women into church cosmology.

Farming for the Few

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Marinčič
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Metrical Pattern ◽  
Point Of Departure

The point of departure for this chapter is a little known work by Jožef Šubic, whose translation of Virgil’s Georgics, published in 1863, although largely unknown outside scholarly circles, nonetheless offers an important background to the Slovenian school of translation of Greek and Latin texts and of classics in general. Marinčič argues that this text, written in a hybrid metrical pattern, is by no means a literary masterpiece, but it is a groundbreaking work reflecting the contemporary debates concerning the use of classical metrical forms and implicitly opposing the Romantic ideology of agricultural self-sufficiency, which, in the course of the nineteenth century, resulted in a widespread prejudice against translation of world literature.

Acting Between the Spheres: Charlotte Cushman as Androgyne

1996 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-66
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Reitz Mullenix
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Audience Member ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Contemporary Theatre ◽  
Separate Spheres ◽  
Theatrical Performances ◽  
Human Figure

On 29 December 1845, Charlotte Cushman did an extraordinary thing at the Haymarket theatre: she convincingly transformed herself into a man. Audience members who witnessed this performance were captivated by “the transmuting power” of Cushman's “genius” as she became Romeo. This production (and Cushman's Romeo in general) continues to fascinate both contemporary theatre historians and feminist scholars, who are equally impressed with Cushman's seeming ability to create an unsettling paradox. In a recent article, Anne Russell discusses the positive reception that Cushman's Romeo received and questions how the cross-dressed actress could have been so successful “in a period when dominant gender ideologies assumed clearly delineated separate spheres for men and women, when stage reviewers as a manner of routine assessed the ‘womanliness’ or ‘manliness’ of characters and performers.” As Russell explains, the nineteenth-century audience member, critic, and/or commentator read the human figure on stage as either male or female; indeed, such antithetic thinking was pervasive throughout nineteenth-century culture. Cushman was unique, however, in that she repeatedly defied such categorization, both in her theatrical performances and in her “private” life.

scholarly journals Blinded Like a State: The Revolt against Civil Registration in Nineteenth-Century Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Loveman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Law

The first reports of popular disturbances in connection with Decree 798, calling for obligatory civil registration of births and deaths in the Brazilian empire, surfaced in the early days of January 1852. In the ensuing weeks, men, women, and children from across the impoverished northeastern Brazilian backlands convened in small settlements and towns to protest the decree. Local authorities reported being forced to abandon their posts, fleeing from the “mass of ignorants,” who, armed with knives and stones, threatened violence against those who would implement the law. Disturbances were reported in at least thirty-one localities, with crowds estimated at one hundred to several thousand people.

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