Conveying the Problem(s) and Representing Personhood

Fully Human ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 199-219
Author(s):  
Lindsey N. Kingston
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Local State ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Visual Narratives ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Human Rights Abuse ◽  
Advocacy Campaigns

Chapter 8 explores the international community’s responses to these hierarchies of personhood by considering how violated rights to place and purpose have been communicated and interpreted. Drawing on concepts such as issue emergence, visual narratives, and framing, this chapter assesses the ways that human rights concerns are represented. This assessment is useful for better understanding the ways in which vulnerabilities to human rights abuse are constructed and translated for media consumption, fundraising initiatives, and public advocacy campaigns. At the same time, this analysis also highlights how the problems stemming from lack of functioning citizenship receive vastly different responses depending on political circumstances—including how they align with the hierarchies of personhood that operate at local, state, and international levels. Ultimately, this chapter argues that we must reevaluate the ways that we see problems related to lack of functioning citizenship, which includes facilitating the empowerment and representation of vulnerable communities.

The Strategic Use of State Repression and Political Violence

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline H. R. deMeritt
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Physical Force ◽  
State Repression ◽  
Human Rights Abuse ◽  
Advocacy Campaigns ◽  
Strategic Policies

Repression is the act of subduing someone by institutional or physical force. Political violence is a particular form of repression involving the use of physical force to achieve political goals. Acts of repression and/or political violence often violate fundamental human rights, and are sometimes referred to as human rights abuse. Most systematic research into these forms of human rights abuse, particularly as perpetrated by governments, is built on assumptions of rationality: repression and political violence are strategic policies that governments employ in pursuit important political and/or military objectives. Since the defining concept of the state is its monopoly on the legitimate use of coercion, those objectives are generally related to quiescence and the quelling of popular dissent. Empirical research has investigated the causes of repression and political violence, focusing generally on the conditions and incentives that make these strategies most likely. To a lesser extent, scholars have also investigated the consequences of human rights abuse. This work is intimately tied to extant work on causes, and highlights an important feedback loop between repressive governments and those who oppose them. Finally, researchers have investigated methods of limiting and/or preventing state repression and political violence. Some of these methods are primarily domestic in nature (e.g., regime type and institutional design) while others have a decidedly international bent (e.g., advocacy campaigns).

THE ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS IN PREVENTING HUMAN RIGHTS AND SEXUAL ABUSE IN JAMMU-KASHMIR CONFLICT

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Foday Yarbou
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Community ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Territorial Disputes ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
The People ◽  
Human Rights Abuse ◽  
United Nation

AbstractThe conflict between Jammu and Kashmir has acquired a multifaceted character. On one hand, the conflict involves national and territorial contestations between India and Pakistan, and on the other, it entails different kinds of human rights abuses and various political demands by religious, linguistic, regional, and ethnic groups in both parts. This article aims to portrait the images and human rights abuses meted on the people of Jammu and Kashmir. It also urges and pleads to India and Pakistan and all those countries who are taking part directly or indirectly in the territorial disputes or conflict in the region of Jammu and Kashmir to end the conflict. Human rights abuse such as torture, rape, sexual harassment, murder, and unnecessary killings of the people of this region were all condemned by the author of this article. He further requests the international community such as the United Nation to take a bold step in settling the conflict in that region by passing an effective resolution at the international level that will put an end to the conflict. In this article, the author uses a qualitative research method to explore different journals and write up of scholars in finding tangible solutions to the conflict in Jammu and Kashmir. The author also uses a theoretical explanation in the article. The result of this article intends to see that all the main concerning points raised in this write-up are fully considered and implemented by the United Nation in bringing peace and stability in the region of Jammu and Kashmir. Conflict in this region has become a worrying issue in the international community and the necessary steps should be taken to bring it to halt.

scholarly journals GOOD GOVERNANCE AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN AFRICA: THE ROLE OF THE LEGISLATURE IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R K Salman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
First Century ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure ◽  
Human Rights Abuse ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights

This article is intended to detail the extent of human rights abuse in Africa and broad conceptual issues of good governance and why it is needed in Africa. It commences with a belief that many African countries have been mis-ruled and as such needs good governance. It assumes that good governance on a continuing basis requires an effective institutional infrastructure and that functioning legislatures can help in that respect. It also contends that good governance and to a large extent some level of functioning democracy is related. The paper shows that effective legislature helps to sustain democracy where it exists and elsewhere help to democratize by fulfilling the promise inherent in the public’s right to be represented. If given necessary opportunity, representative institutions can connect people to their government by giving them a forum where their needs can be articulated. But to achieve this, cooperation of other institutional bodies are inevitable. Therefore, section I of the paper examines the African concept of human rights and chronicles the problems of Africa which is tagged violation of human rights and bad leadership. Sections II explores the concept of good governance, its genesis and what it entails. The section links human rights to good governance and states why it is needed in Africa. While section III explains the modern concept of legislature, what legislatures do, and how they do it. The section advocates for some mechanisms which will enhance effective performance of legislature. The paper concludes with a strong hope that the legislature can significantly impact on good governance and human rights if given cooperation by media, human rights bodies and other arms of government.

The Role of Information and Communications Technologies in Human Rights Monitoring and Advocacy

2010 ◽  
pp. 184-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lannon
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Grassroots Organizations ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Human Rights Abuse ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Human Rights Standards ◽  
Tools And Techniques

This chapter analyses tools and techniques used to document human rights abuse. It outlines the opportunities and pitfalls associated with the use of information and communication technologies by human rights organizations, and it examines the importance of rigorous documentation to underpin human rights work. Tools developed to help grassroots organizations record usable and actionable information are contrasted with an initiative that actively involves citizens in the reporting of xenophobic attacks. The analysis shows that the tools and systems used to monitor human rights violations are essential to the effective implementation of human rights standards. It also shows that new technologies can empower ordinary citizens to become directly involved in awareness building and debate about human rights abuse.

The past and future of human rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-224
Author(s):  
Gráinne de Búrca
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Rights Movement ◽  
The Future ◽  
Human Rights Advocacy ◽  
Advocacy Campaigns

This chapter reflects on the lessons to be derived from the advocacy campaigns in Pakistan, Argentina, and Ireland discussed in earlier chapters. Insights drawn from those campaigns are used to refine the experimentalist account of human rights advanced in Chapter 2, particularly as regards the importance of social movements and of building broad social support for human rights campaigns. The remainder of the chapter describes five major challenges of the current era—illiberalism, climate change, digitalization, pandemics, and inequality—and considers the difficulties they pose for the experimentalist account of human rights advocacy. It argues that the experimentalist practice of human rights advocacy is reasonably resilient and adaptive, and that internal contestation from within the human rights movement as well as external critiques have already helped to catalyze reform and to push activists and advocates to think more innovatively about the changes needed to strengthen the ability of the movement to engage with these major challenges in the future. It concludes that in a turbulent era, rather than abandon human rights, we should redouble our efforts to bolster, renew, and reinvigorate a movement that has galvanized constituencies and communities around the globe to mobilize for a better world.

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