The First Invasion

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-50
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Weddle
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
Lake Champlain ◽  
Lake George

This chapter describes the first British invasion of New York via the historic Lake Champlain, Lake George, and Hudson River route in the autumn of 1776. It starts with General Sir Guy Carleton’s successful defense of Canada and repulse of the American attempt to seize Quebec. The increasingly fraught relationship between Carleton and Lord George Germain is also addressed as is the naval arms race between the Americans and the British. This race delayed Carleton’s offensive south on Lake Champlain more than the celebrated Battle of Valcour Island, and he was forced to abandon the offensive after he reached Crown Point, much to the dismay of his second-in-command, Lieutenant General John Burgoyne. This failed first invasion planted the seeds for a new plan created in part by Burgoyne.

British Forts in Northern New York State

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Starbuck
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
New York State ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
Lake Champlain ◽  
York State ◽  
American Landscape ◽  
Eastern Edge ◽  
Lake George

Numerous British fortifications were constructed in the 1750s along Lake Champlain, Lake George, and the Hudson River, all on the eastern edge of the colony of New York. Many of these positions were reoccupied twenty years later during the American Revolution. The author has conducted excavations for nearly thirty years at several of these forts and encampments, seeking to understand the strategies, provisioning, foodways, and building techniques employed by British Regulars and Provincial soldiers as they fought on the American landscape. These sites include Fort William Henry, Fort Edward, Rogers Island, and Fort George, each of which helped to open up the interior of the colony of New York to further settlement.

The Fall of Fort Ticonderoga

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-122
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Weddle
Keyword(s):  
Hudson River ◽  
Lake Champlain ◽  
Lake George ◽  
Major General

This chapter discusses Burgoyne’s successful seizure of Fort Ticonderoga, the vital American position that guarded southern Lake Champlain and Lake George approach to the Hudson River and, ultimately, Albany. The significant leadership failures by the American commanders, especially Major General Arthur St. Clair and Major General Philip Schuyler, is examined in some depth. A combination of American failures—in preparation, execution, and the retreat—and the competent British conduct of operations, including the establishing of artillery on Mount Defiance, something the Americans believed was impossible, is discussed. Improperly sited fortifications, failure to secure key terrain, and an incompetently planned and executed retreat, ensured American failure to hold the fortification.

A Fluted Point from Long Island, N. Y.

1952 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
Arthur George Smith
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Long Island ◽  
Distinct Type ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
The State ◽  
Lake Champlain ◽  
Central Section ◽  
Fluted Points ◽  
Lake George

Although fluted points are not very numerous in New York, it was there that they were first recognized as a distinct type under the name of “Seneca River Points” (Beauchamp, 1897, p. 21, Fig. 13, 14).The majority of the New York finds have been in the central section of the state and along the shores of Lake Champlain and Lake George. A search of the literature, and correspondence with both professional and amateur archaeologists, has revealed no known finds of fluted points closer to the coastal area than one at Colonie in Albany County, New York. This was of an exotic quartz (Ritchie, 1951, personal communication). Therefore the finding of a fluted point in eastern Long Island extends the known range of the type.

The zoogeography of the freshwater mussels of the Taconic and southern Green mountain region of northeastern North America (Mollusca: Pelecypoda: Unionacea)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New England ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Lake Champlain ◽  
Connecticut River ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Atlantic ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

The Taconic and southern Green mountains form a system of ridges drained by four watersheds in eastern New York and western New England: Lake Champlain and the Housatonic, Hudson, and Connecticut rivers. Ten species of mussels distributed among the Margaritiferidae and Unionidae are recorded, based on museum records and recent collections, from the area. The presence of species representing two regional faunas, the Mississippian and Northern Atlantic Slope, indicates that some western streams of the Taconic Mountain region were connected with both the Atlantic coastal and interior Mississippian drainages during the Late Pleistocene. However, a divide has persisted along the north–south trend of the two mountain chains that has prevented late glacial east–west migration between the Hudson River – Lake Champlain systems in eastern New York and the Connecticut River – Housatonic River systems in western New England.

British Military Sites from Albany to Crown Point

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Starbuck
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
New York City ◽  
Native American ◽  
North America ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
Transportation Corridor ◽  
British Military ◽  
Lake George

British forces on the frontier of eighteenth-century North America faced potent adversaries in the form of French armies and forts, often accompanied by their Native American allies. The lack of easily traversed roads could have been a logistical nightmare, but armies were able to overcome this by travelling along the waterways that formed a natural transportation corridor between Canada and New York City. Numerous British fortifications were constructed in the 1750s along Lake Champlain, Lake George, and the Hudson River north of Albany, and many of these positions were reoccupied twenty years later during the American Revolution. Strategically positioned forts were accompanied by large seasonal encampments, by specialized structures that included blockhouses and hospitals, and by battlefields where clashes occurred. Archaeologists have conducted excavations at many of these sites, seeking to understand the strategies, provisioning, and building techniques employed by British Regulars as they fought on the American landscape.

Die Konstruktion von Natur – Central Park neu besichtigt | The Construction of Nature – Central Park Revisited

2005 ◽  
Vol 156 (8) ◽  
pp. 288-296
Author(s):  
Vittorio Magnago Lampugnani
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Park ◽  
Housing Developments ◽  
Hudson River School ◽  
The North ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

In the first half of the 19th century scientific philosophers in the United States, such as Emerson and Thoreau, began to pursue the relationship between man and nature. Painters from the Hudson River School discovered the rural spaces to the north of New York and began to celebrate the American landscape in their paintings. In many places at this time garden societies were founded, which generated widespread support for the creation of park enclosures While the first such were cemeteries with the character of parks, housing developments on the peripheries of towns were later set in generous park landscapes. However, the centres of the growing American cities also need green spaces and the so-called «park movement»reached a first high point with New York's Central Park. It was not only an experimental field for modern urban elements, but even today is a force of social cohesion.

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