Work and Technological Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Barley
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Work And Organizations ◽  
Role Based ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
And Control ◽  
Work And Employment

The four chapters of this book summarize the results of thirty-five years dedicated to studying how technologies change work and organizations. The first chapter places current developments in artificial intelligence into the historical context of previous technological revolutions by drawing on William Faunce’s argument that the history of technology is one of progressive automation of the four components of any production system: energy, transformation, and transfer and control technologies. The second chapter lays out a role-based theory of how technologies occasion changes in organizations. The third chapter tackles the issue of how to conceptualize a more thorough approach to assessing how intelligent technologies, such as artificial intelligence, can shape work and employment. The fourth chapter discusses what has been learned over the years about the fears that arise when one sets out to study technical work and technical workers and methods for controlling those fears.

At Europe’s Edge

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-120
Author(s):  
Ċetta Mainwaring
Keyword(s):  
Host Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Island State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Marginalization ◽  
And Control ◽  
History Of Migration ◽  
Policies And Practices

The fourth chapter turns to the policies and practices that migrants encounter once they arrive in Malta and on EU territory. After a review of the history of migration to the island state and the contemporary migration situation, it traces migrant journeys from the detention centres that await them upon arrival to possible deportation. By examining the sites and processes where migrants continue to be securitized within the border, the chapter argues that even when rescued from the sea, migrants do not escape political, social, and economic marginalization. The securitization of migration contributes to the construction of crisis and fuels racism and xenophobia within the host population. Moreover, this ‘othering’ occurs before migrants arrive on EU territory and is fundamentally related to discourse, policies, and practices at sea. The language of rescue strips migrants at sea of agency, reduces them to victims, and in turn allows for their continued marginalization once they arrive on EU territory. Yet, migrants resist this marginalization. Throughout the chapter, migrant accounts of experiences within host states demonstrate their agency and the narrow room for manoeuvre they are sometimes able to exploit. Ignoring this agency reifies the power of the state to ‘secure’ borders and control migration, and conceals the contested politics of mobility and security. Such encounters question traditional conceptualizations of sovereignty, security, and citizenship as they illustrate alternative modes of seeking security that move beyond the state and citizenship.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Smart Grid: A Survey

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 548-568
Author(s):  
Olufemi A. Omitaomu ◽  
Haoran Niu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Electric Power Grid ◽  
Type Data ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
Advanced Metering ◽  
And Control

The smart grid is enabling the collection of massive amounts of high-dimensional and multi-type data about the electric power grid operations, by integrating advanced metering infrastructure, control technologies, and communication technologies. However, the traditional modeling, optimization, and control technologies have many limitations in processing the data; thus, the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in the smart grid are becoming more apparent. This survey presents a structured review of the existing research into some common AI techniques applied to load forecasting, power grid stability assessment, faults detection, and security problems in the smart grid and power systems. It also provides further research challenges for applying AI technologies to realize truly smart grid systems. Finally, this survey presents opportunities of applying AI to smart grid problems. The paper concludes that the applications of AI techniques can enhance and improve the reliability and resilience of smart grid systems.

The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Fifth-Generation (5G) Technology in Mitigating Cyber Physical Attacks on Power Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 424-441
Author(s):  
Kehinde Oluwafemi Olusuyi ◽  
Paul Kehinde Olulope ◽  
Abiodun Ernest Amoran ◽  
Eno Edet Peter
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
System A ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
And Control

The present-day electric power system is an evolving cyber-physical system. Researchers and industry players in the energy world continue to deploy new technologies towards making the electric power system a smarter grid. This involves the integration of information, communication, and control technologies into the existing power grid in order to improve its stability, security, and operational efficiency. Reliance of the modern power system's applications such as state estimation, sequential control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, phasor measurement units (PMUs), etc. on open communication technologies including the internet has exposed the smart grid to various vulnerabilities, threats, and cyber-physical attacks. This chapter seeks to exploit the robust synergy which exists between artificial intelligence (AI) and fifth-generation (5G) technology to mitigate these challenges. A comprehensive review of techniques which have hitherto proven efficient and/or effective in mitigating identified challenges was carried out with a view to availing researchers of future directions.

scholarly journals REORGANIZATION OF THE CENTRAL SUPPLY STERILE DEPARTMENT: NURSING STAFF’S CONTRIBUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo da Costa ◽  
Tânia Cristina Franco Santos ◽  
Paulo Joaquim Pina Queirós ◽  
Hercília Regina do Amaral Montenegro ◽  
Carolina Fraga Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Symbolic Universe ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the strategies used by nurses for organization and planning in the centralization process of the Central Supply Sterile Department at a General Hospital. Method: this is a qualitative study of the history of the present time, carried out through an interview with 8 nursing professionals, such as nurses and nursing technicians at a hospital in the city of Petrópolis, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data collection took place between September 2017 and August 2018. For analysis and interpretation of the documentary corpus, pertinence, sufficiency, completeness, representativeness, homogeneity and organization of documents in chronological order of the events during the investigated period were considered. The historical context was triangulated, with social structures and the symbolic universe resulting from interviews and documentary analysis. Thus, the categories of analysis emerged. Results: the strategies used by nurses occurred through organization and new work practices, enhancement of the Central Supply Sterile Department, hiring new nursing technicians, staff training and insertion of new technologies before, during and after centralization from the Central Supply Sterile Department. Conclusion: material sterilization at Hospital Santa Teresa continued with fractional nursing care among surgical patients and material processing. The strategies to centralize the sterilization unit contributed to a correct sterilization of hospital materials, resulting in expressive gains for nursing, Hospital Santa Teresa, society and control of Infections Related to Health Care.

Mushrooms: Agaricus bisporus

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Mushroom Cultivation ◽  
Button Mushroom ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This book, which is selected in nature to Agaricus bisporus, presents fundamental guidelines for mushroom production together with the advances in research in this field. The first chapter presents the history of button mushroom cultivation, mushroom classification, distribution, and nutritional and medicinal value. The methods of composting for substrate preparation, their basics, application, and innovation are discussed in Chapter 2. The basic principles and methods to improve compost quality are shown in the third chapter. Moving to the fourth chapter, the genetics, breeding approaches, and selection of new mushroom strains are discussed in detail. Chapter 5 addresses the stages of casing and cropping by focusing on the tools and methods to optimize production during these stages. Chapter 6 details the management of pests and control of diseases at a mushroom farm, with a special focus on the ideal farm design to avoid the spread of infesting agents. The last chapter of the book shows the advances in harvest and postharvest technologies, applied to maximize the postharvest benefits from button mushroom cultivation.

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