World Crisis and the Making of Christian Radicalism, c.1938–1957

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Brewitt-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Modern History ◽  
World War ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Spiritual Crisis ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

This chapter locates the immediate origins of British Christian radicalism in the early 1940s. The Second World War was frequently interpreted by Christian commentators as evidence of a profound spiritual crisis in Western civilization. The resulting quest for a new Christianity was pursued, amongst others, by J.H. Oldham, Kathleen Bliss, Ronald Gregor Smith, Alec Vidler, and John Robinson. Many of these figures went on to become leading figures in the Christian radicalism of the 1960s. The perception that Western civilization was experiencing an unprecedented crisis encouraged readings of modern history influenced by Christian eschatology, which argued that the Church’s central mission was to help transform the world. In the 1950s, the memory of this crisis encouraged British theology’s engagement with American and German radical theologians, including Bonhoeffer, Bultmann, and Tillich. This tradition only required fresh imagined crises to regain its momentum in the 1960s.

Irish Girls in Liverpool (2)

2018 ◽  
pp. 162-182
Author(s):  
Samantha Caslin
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Irish Immigration ◽  
Irish Women ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

This chapter focuses on the LVA’s efforts to engage with Irish women in Liverpool during the Second World War and post-war years. Despite a reduction in Irish immigration during the war, which saw the LVA’s staff reduced, the organisation was quick to raise concerns about the moral wellbeing of Irish young women once peace was resumed. As such, the LVA continued, throughout the 1950s and into the 1960s, to provoke concerns about the supposed moral vulnerability of Irish young women in Liverpool in a bid to generate support for their patrols.

Technische Innovation als Schutz vor wirtschaftlichem Niedergang?

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-224
Author(s):  
Jörn Lindner
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
World War ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

AbstractTechnical innovation as protection against economic decline? The development of the Rickmers shipyard from 1945 to the late 1960sThe article covers the history of the Rickmers-Shipyard in Bremerhaven from the end of the Second World War up to the end of the 1960s. An initial glance into the interwar years establishes that the shipyard’s restructuring in the 20s and subsequent shift into the production of warships during the 30s and 40s had considerable impact on its afterwar development. Despite the involvement with the Kriegsmarine, Rickmers was able to reopen for business very quickly after the end of the war. Yet, the shipyard was barred from new building projects and relegated to repair jobs for a considerable amount of time. In the 1950s, Rickmers began building new ships and was able to somewhat profit from the shipbuilding boom of the time. Still, most projects proved unprofitable and the onset of the crisis of European shipbuilding in the late 1950s hit the shipyard hard. This set the stage for Rickmers’ decline and ultimate closure in 1986.

From Low-Cost to High-Cost Shipping: Finnish Maritime Labour Costs after the Second World War

2004 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Yrjö Kaukiainen
Keyword(s):  
Great Depression ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Labour Costs ◽  
The World ◽  
Rapid Transition ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Second World

This chapter tracks Finland’s rise from a low-cost to high-cost shipping country from the 1930s to 1980s. It emphasises the rapid transition and development of Finland’s economy by providing statistics on Finnish shipping expenses and wages, considering tonnage losses during the World Wars; discussing both The Great Depression and The Great Boom; and following the modernisation of tonnage from the 1950s.

scholarly journals Fiction and Trauma from the Second World War to 9/11

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Crosthwaite
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Irish Society ◽  
World War ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Immediate Experience ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second World

This chapter looks at how contemporary British and Irish novelists reflect on the spasms of catastrophic violence that have punctuated the twentieth century and continue to define the twenty-first. These events not only traumatized individuals on a mass scale, but also dealt irrevocable damage to foundational assumptions concerning reason, progress, meaning, and language. Such weighty preoccupations, however, took some time to fully coalesce in the fiction of the post-Second World War period. There were few substantial treatments of the war in its immediate aftermath. When such responses began to appear in the 1950s, and swelled in number in the 1960s, they did so predominantly in the form of conventional social realist narratives concerned with the immediate experience of combat and the impact of the conflict on the structures of British and Irish society.

Squatting: The Fight for Decent Shelter, 1970s–1980s

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-50
Author(s):  
John Marsland
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
The West ◽  
The World ◽  
Housing Needs ◽  
Post War ◽  
Second World

During the twenty years after the Second World War, housing began to be seen as a basic right among many in the west, and the British welfare state included many policies and provisions to provide decent shelter for its citizens. This article focuses on the period circa 1968–85, because this was a time in England when the lack of affordable, secure-tenured housing reached a crisis level at the same time that central and local governmental housing policies received wider scrutiny for their ineffectiveness. My argument is that despite post-war laws and rhetoric, many Britons lived through a housing disaster and for many the most rational way they could solve their housing needs was to exploit loopholes in the law (as well as to break them out right). While the main focus of the article is on young British squatters, there is scope for transnational comparison. Squatters in other parts of the world looked to their example to address the housing needs in their own countries, especially as privatization of public services spread globally in the 1980s and 1990s. Dutch, Spanish, German and American squatters were involved in a symbiotic exchange of ideas and sometimes people with the British squatters and each other, and practices and rhetoric from one place were quickly adopted or rejected based on the success or failure in each place.

Ken Russell's Wartime Imagery

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Flanagan
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
War Films ◽  
Personal Style ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World ◽  
Wartime Experience ◽  
National Experience

This article traces Ken Russell's explorations of war and wartime experience over the course of his career. In particular, it argues that Russell's scattered attempts at coming to terms with war, the rise of fascism and memorialisation are best understood in terms of a combination of Russell's own tastes and personal style, wider stylistic and thematic trends in Euro-American cinema during the 1960s and 1970s, and discourses of collective national experience. In addition to identifying Russell's recurrent techniques, this article focuses on how the residual impacts of the First and Second World Wars appear in his favoured genres: literary adaptations and composer biopics. Although the article looks for patterns and similarities in Russell's war output, it differentiates between his First and Second World War films by indicating how he engages with, and temporarily inhabits, the stylistic regime of the enemy within the latter group.

Scandalous Events: Metropolitan Culture and Moral Change in Post-Second World War London

2006 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANK MORT
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
World War ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Moral Change ◽  
Sexual Beliefs ◽  
English Society ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

ABSTRACT Historians of the sexual and cultural changes associated with the ““permissive”” moment of the 1960s have tended to emphasize a progressive narrative of reform focused on national policies and their social outcomes. This article explores a diffierent dynamic, highlighting the ways in which a series of scandalous and transgressive events, associated with particular networks of metropolitan culture in London, played a significant role in reshaping sexual beliefs and attitudes within English society during the postwar period.

Nature and Nurture Lessons from Swedish Adoption Surveys

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bohman
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
World War ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Nature And Nurture ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

The following article by Professor Michael Bohman begins with a brief historical analysis of child development theory in relation to adoption and fostering after the end of the Second World War. The author goes on to review research findings from a series of Swedish adoption surveys which began under his supervision in the 1960s and continue to this day. Much attention is given to the significance of genetic and environmental factors towards shaping the development of adopted children into adulthood. Problems of social and psychological adjustment are discussed, as are the genetic aspects of criminality and alcohol misuse in a group of adult adopted people.

Sozialismus und Zionismus

Aschkenas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-200
Author(s):  
Hans-Harald Müller
Keyword(s):  
Social Democracy ◽  
Second World War ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Second World

Abstract Arnold Zweig and Walter A. Berendsohn, who were in correspondence with each other between 1909 and 1968, continuously sought to convert the other to their beliefs. Around 1910 Zweig wanted to convert Berendsohn to Zionism as coined by Buber, while his views changed after his exile in Palestine, when he tried to win Berendsohn over to communism. Berendsohn, for his part, wanted to convince Zweig of social democracy around 1910, but after traveling Palestine in the 1950s tried to convince Zweig of Zionism. Viewed retrospectively, both appear as idealistic German intellectuals whose eagerness to reform society in 1910 led them in very different directions due to their individual experiences especially in and after the Second World War.

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