Technische Innovation als Schutz vor wirtschaftlichem Niedergang?

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-224
Author(s):  
Jörn Lindner
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
World War ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

AbstractTechnical innovation as protection against economic decline? The development of the Rickmers shipyard from 1945 to the late 1960sThe article covers the history of the Rickmers-Shipyard in Bremerhaven from the end of the Second World War up to the end of the 1960s. An initial glance into the interwar years establishes that the shipyard’s restructuring in the 20s and subsequent shift into the production of warships during the 30s and 40s had considerable impact on its afterwar development. Despite the involvement with the Kriegsmarine, Rickmers was able to reopen for business very quickly after the end of the war. Yet, the shipyard was barred from new building projects and relegated to repair jobs for a considerable amount of time. In the 1950s, Rickmers began building new ships and was able to somewhat profit from the shipbuilding boom of the time. Still, most projects proved unprofitable and the onset of the crisis of European shipbuilding in the late 1950s hit the shipyard hard. This set the stage for Rickmers’ decline and ultimate closure in 1986.

Irish Girls in Liverpool (2)

2018 ◽  
pp. 162-182
Author(s):  
Samantha Caslin
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Irish Immigration ◽  
Irish Women ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

This chapter focuses on the LVA’s efforts to engage with Irish women in Liverpool during the Second World War and post-war years. Despite a reduction in Irish immigration during the war, which saw the LVA’s staff reduced, the organisation was quick to raise concerns about the moral wellbeing of Irish young women once peace was resumed. As such, the LVA continued, throughout the 1950s and into the 1960s, to provoke concerns about the supposed moral vulnerability of Irish young women in Liverpool in a bid to generate support for their patrols.

scholarly journals Writing History under the «Dictatorship of the Proletariat»: Yugoslav Historiography 1945–1991

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 49-73
Author(s):  
Michael Antolović
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

This paper analyzes the development of the historiography in the former socialist Yugoslavia (1945–1991). Starting with the revolutionary changes after the Second World War and the establishment of the «dictatorship of the proletariat», the paper considers the ideological surveillance imposed on historiography entailing its reconceptualization on the Marxist grounds. Despite the existence of common Yugoslav institutions, Yugoslav historiography was constituted by six historiographies focusing their research programs on the history of their own nation, i.e. the republic. Therefore, many joint historiographical projects were either left unfinished or courted controversies between historians over a number of phenomena from the Yugoslav history. Yugoslav historiography emancipated from Marxist dogmatism, and modernized itself following various forms of social history due to a gradual weakening of ideological surveillance from the 1960s onwards. However, the modernization of Yugoslav historiography was carried out only partially because of the growing social and political crises which eventually led to the dissolution of Yugoslavia.

scholarly journals Imagining Africa in Eastern Europe: Transcultural Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis in Cold War Yugoslavia

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-251
Author(s):  
Ana Antić
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Transcultural Psychiatry ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
World War ◽  
International Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World ◽  
Shed Light

This article seeks to write Yugoslavia and Eastern Europe into the history of post-Second World War global psychiatry and to explore the significance of Marxist psychiatry in an international context. It traces Yugoslav psychiatrists’ transnational and interdisciplinary engagements as they peaked in the 1960s. Focusing on the distinguished Belgrade psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Vladimir Jakovljevic (1925–68), it looks at Yugoslav psychiatry’s clinical and anthropological research in the global South to shed light on its contributions to Western-dominated transcultural psychiatry. Through this lens the article also explores how Eastern Europe’s intellectuals engaged with decolonisation and the notions of race, ‘primitivism’ and modernity. Jakovljevic’s involvement in transcultural psychiatry demonstrated the inherent contradiction of Eastern European Marxist psychiatry: its dubiously colonial ‘civilising mission’ towards the subalterns in its own populations and its progressive, emancipatory agenda. Jakovljevic’s writings about Africa ultimately turned into an unprecedented opportunity to shed light on some glaring internal inconsistencies from Yugoslavia’s own socio-political context.

World Crisis and the Making of Christian Radicalism, c.1938–1957

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Brewitt-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Modern History ◽  
World War ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Spiritual Crisis ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

This chapter locates the immediate origins of British Christian radicalism in the early 1940s. The Second World War was frequently interpreted by Christian commentators as evidence of a profound spiritual crisis in Western civilization. The resulting quest for a new Christianity was pursued, amongst others, by J.H. Oldham, Kathleen Bliss, Ronald Gregor Smith, Alec Vidler, and John Robinson. Many of these figures went on to become leading figures in the Christian radicalism of the 1960s. The perception that Western civilization was experiencing an unprecedented crisis encouraged readings of modern history influenced by Christian eschatology, which argued that the Church’s central mission was to help transform the world. In the 1950s, the memory of this crisis encouraged British theology’s engagement with American and German radical theologians, including Bonhoeffer, Bultmann, and Tillich. This tradition only required fresh imagined crises to regain its momentum in the 1960s.

scholarly journals Indirection and the Rhetoric of Tyranny: Carl Schmitt's The Tyranny of Values 1960–1967

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Samuel Garrett Zeitlin
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
World War ◽  
Racial Theory ◽  
War Criminals ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Constitutional Court ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

This article situates Carl Schmitt's The Tyranny of Values (1960/1967/1979) within the context of Schmitt's 1940s and 1950s op-ed campaign for full amnesty for Nazi war criminals as well as the context of the Veit Harlan trials and the 1958 Lüth judgment of the German Constitutional Court. The article further examines the revisions to Schmitt's 1967 version of the text in the light of Karl Löwith's criticisms of Schmitt in an article in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung from 1964. The article argues that The Tyranny of Values is a work of post-Second World War Nazi apologetics, in which Nazi racial theory can be seen being put to polemical ends in the 1960s and 1970s. The article concludes with broader reflections on the relation of Schmitt's The Tyranny of Values to Nazi discourse in the aftermath of the Second World War and the history of Nazism post-1945.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Leng
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Second World War ◽  
First Century ◽  
Sexual Knowledge ◽  
New Social Movements ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

The Conclusion accounts for the fate of the women whose ideas are examined in this book, and takes stock of the legacies of their sexological work. It further lays out the benefits of pursuing a larger twentieth century history of women’s sexological work, one that is international in its scope and grapples with the rupture in female sexual knowledge production affected by the Second World War and its geopolitical realignments, the reshuffling of the ideological landscapes after 1945, and the rise of new social movements in the 1960s. Finally, the Conclusion argues that the history of women’s sexological work is especially significant at this particular moment in time, as twenty-first century feminist theorists positively embrace science and nature as intellectual and rhetorical resources once again.

Learning to cook the Chinese way: Australian Chinese cookbooks of the 1950s

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Chinese Migration ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second World

The history of Chinese migration to Australia and in particular the impact of discriminatory legislation has been the subject of considerable scholarship. Less well documented is the contribution of Chinese immigrants to Australia’s food culture. Chinese cooks had been at work in Australia since at least the 1850s, and cafés and restaurants were serving Chinese food in both urban and rural centres by the 1930s. The first cookery books devoted to Chinese recipes were written by Australian Chinese and published after the Second World War. They provided the curious and the adventurous with information that allowed them to both confidently order food in restaurants and experiment with cooking at home. An important and neglected source, this survey of these publications suggests some of the ways in which Chinese cooks adapted and adopted to produce an ‘Australianized’ Chinese menu.

scholarly journals The Collaborative Folktale Project of a Family: The Synoptic Critical Edition of a 19th-Century Hungarian Folktale and Riddle Collection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Gulyás
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Critical Edition ◽  
Hungarian Academy ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Second World

AbstractIn 1862, a volume of tales was published under the title Eredeti népmesék (‘Original Folktales’) by László Arany, the then 18-year-old son of János Arany, the national poet of the period. Eredeti népmesék has been classified by folkloristics as the first canonical folktale collection in Hungary. Besides scholarly recognition, it has also become one of the most popular folktale collections of the past one and a half century, as selected tales from this collection have been continuously republished in schoolbooks and anthologies and have become a regular element in children's literature. After the Second World War, in the basement of the main building of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest, a huge pile of manuscripts had been found in very poor condition, consisting of, among others, various 19th-century folklore collections. In the 1960s, it was discovered that a part of these manuscripts was identical to the texts published in Eredeti népmesék. The vast majority of the manuscript tales had been recorded by the family members of János Arany, namely, his young daughter (Julianna Arany) and his wife (Julianna Ercsey), in the period between 1850 and 1862, presumably for family use. A comparison of the manuscript texts with their published versions revealed that in the editing process, László Arany significantly reworked the texts of the manuscript tales, implementing significant stylistic modifications. This article reports on the research project underlying the synoptic critical edition of the manuscript and published tales of the Arany family (2018). In the first part, the author presents the manuscript and published tales and their place in the history of Hungarian folkloristics, followed by an introduction of the members of the Arany family with an emphasis on their socio-cultural background, and concluding with a discussion of the roles they played in this collaborative folktale project as collectors, editors, copy editors, and theoreticians. The second part is a summary of the textological concept and techniques applied in the course of the development of the synoptic critical edition.

Writing refugees into television history

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-78
Author(s):  
Eleni Liarou
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Second World War ◽  
European History ◽  
World War ◽  
Television History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Second World ◽  
National Borders

This article examines the work of playwright Leo Lehman for British television in the 1950s and 1960s. Originally from Poland, Lehman came to England as a refugee during the Second World War. The study of Lehman’s work, and particularly his stories about refugees and asylum, opens a window to a still largely unmapped history of remarkable cultural diversity on British screens and beyond. This case study also sheds light on the ways in which the history of British television cuts across national borders and intersects with European history.

scholarly journals Fiction and Trauma from the Second World War to 9/11

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Crosthwaite
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Irish Society ◽  
World War ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Immediate Experience ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second World

This chapter looks at how contemporary British and Irish novelists reflect on the spasms of catastrophic violence that have punctuated the twentieth century and continue to define the twenty-first. These events not only traumatized individuals on a mass scale, but also dealt irrevocable damage to foundational assumptions concerning reason, progress, meaning, and language. Such weighty preoccupations, however, took some time to fully coalesce in the fiction of the post-Second World War period. There were few substantial treatments of the war in its immediate aftermath. When such responses began to appear in the 1950s, and swelled in number in the 1960s, they did so predominantly in the form of conventional social realist narratives concerned with the immediate experience of combat and the impact of the conflict on the structures of British and Irish society.

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