Religion and History in Nineteenth-Century Britain

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-55
Author(s):  
Joshua Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Natural Theology ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intellectual Culture ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

The chapter introduces the process by which progressive and developmental ideas of history became authoritative in Protestant intellectual culture: a process affecting Anglicans and nonconformists; liberals and evangelicals; and religious and secular critics. It argues that the religious revivalism of the earlier part of the century tended to express itself in terms of static conceptions of religious tradition. Religious and secular varieties of liberalism, by contrast, began to rely upon more dynamic ideas of the religious past. Religious liberals challenged traditionalists by interpreting religion in developmental terms. Rooting the wider progress of civilization in the different phases of the history of the church, they elevated history into a new kind of natural theology, often with reference to different kinds of German Idealism. Their unbelieving critics, on the other hand, understood progress as the history of secularization. The chapter grounds these debates in the institutions and publishing culture of the Victorian public sphere.

The Realignment of Mormon Religious Authority

2019 ◽  
pp. 189-210
Author(s):  
Jana Riess
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Authority ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ecclesiastical Authority ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
The Church

This chapter examines how young adult Mormons regard ecclesiastical authority differently than older Mormons do. Mormons stand apart from many other faiths because they believe their leaders are the only men authorized by Jesus Christ himself to exercise all the authority of the holy priesthood. Given this belief—that Mormonism's uniqueness stretches from its ecclesiastical authority in the form of prophets and apostles—it is not surprising that the religion strongly emphasizes obeying the teachings of those leaders. Indeed, millennial Mormons have grown up in a religious tradition that places a premium on obeying the leaders of the Church and have inherited modern Mormonism's expanded view of the role of the prophet. On the other hand, they're also embedded within a generation that takes a dim view of many traditional institutions, including religious ones, and has tended to qualify claims to exclusive truth. The chapter then considers how young adult Mormons reconcile these tensions within themselves.

scholarly journals Uma tríade botânica na paisagem oitocentista portuense: jardins e hortos de excelência científica e económica

CEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 218-238
Author(s):  
Cristiana Vieira ◽  
Ana Catarina Antunes ◽  
Sónia Faria
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
The Other ◽  
City Center ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

The present work explores the recognition of the past and present genius loci of three spaces of Porto city center as remaining and transformed representations of spaces with distinct, interconnected and pertinent botanical missions in the nineteenth century landscape of the city. Through the exploration of sources left by the interveners or graphic testimonies of the urban landscape from 1850 to the present day of these (ethno-)botanical spaces, we explore how the interveners and spaces of the Jardim Botânico da Academia Polythecnica do Porto, the Horto-pharmacêutico da Botica da Hospital Real de Santo António and the Horto das Virtudes mutually influenced. On the other hand, it is demonstrated how these spaces determined a time of special interest in botany that would not be repeated in the history of the city and its population.

Luso-Spanish Relations in Hapsburg Brazil, 1580–1640

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart B. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philip Ii ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Colonial Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Generation

Few epochs in the history of the Portuguese colonial empire have received less attention from historians than the sixty years from 1580–1640 when Portugal and Spain were jointly ruled by the Spanish Hapsburgs, Philip II, III, IV (or I, II, III by Portuguese reckoning). The union of the crowns in 1580 brought together the two greatest maritime empires of the sixteenth century, yet, curiously, this phenomenon has remained relatively unstudied. Portuguese neglect is based on the premise that the union with Spain was a “Babylonian Captivity“ during which the Spanish rulers and their policies destroyed in a half century what had taken the Portuguese two hundred years to build. Nationalism has prompted Portuguese scholars to concentrate on the loss of independence in 1580 or its triumphant restitution in 1640, but although this motivation is still present, a new generation of Portuguese historians has begun to turn from the shibboleths of their nineteenth-century predecessors. Spanish historiography, on the other hand, disdains the topic; hardly surprising since even today to many Spaniards “a Portuguese is a Galician who speaks poorly.” Moreover, there is the embarrassing fact that the Portuguese were able to wrest their independence from Spanish rule.

scholarly journals Wolf and eclecticism: from the concept of an open system to systematic intelligence

Sententiae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-29
Author(s):  
Sergii Secundant ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Open System ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Methodology ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

The paper (1) provides a comparative analysis of the programs of reforms of philosophy developed by Christian Wolff and the members of the Eclecticist school; (2) it reveals the critical foundations of the concepts of the system by both schools and (3) assesses the prospects of their further development. Although Wolff is often inconsistent, nevertheless, he is largely closer to Descartes and Leibniz, and therefore to the Platonic tradition. The Eclecticists, on the other hand, are closer to the Peripatetic tradition, and therefore to empiricism. From the point of view of the history of philosophical methodology, Wolff’s program combines Cartesianism and the German tradition of methodical thinking (J. Jung, E. Weigel and Leibniz), which both were oriented towards mathematics. The Eclecticists, on the other hand, used the dialectical model, which they modernized by introducing the principle of historicism and applying it to the history of philosophy. When the program of the Eclecticists was guided by the critical selection of knowledge by members of the “scientific community” and the concept of an open system, Wolff’s synthesis of knowledge is carried out on the basis of a rigorous method. He puts forward a fundamentally new idea of a universal system based on new normative requirements for the system-forming principle, namely, it must be fundamental, generally valid and immanent in the system of knowledge. Wolff does not reject the critical program of the Eclecticists. In debates with them, he tries to prove that the successful implementation of their program is possible only if there is a basic system of truths and a reliable method. In his treatise On the Difference Between Systematic and Non-systematic Intellect, Wolff laid the foundation of “systematic eclecticism” and “speculative criticism”, which was substantiated in the works by “classics of German idealism”, primarily by C. L. Reinhold and Hegel.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 229-244
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
European Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Century Science

This concluding chapter assesses the importance of Dmitrii Mendeleev as an individual. One could in principle similarly follow the paths of many figures in Imperial Russia or in nineteenth-century science—or, in fact, in almost any place or time. Yet Mendeleev offers a particularly valuable perspective on the history of both Russia and chemistry. The educated elite in Imperial Petersburg was quite small, and individuals who were prominent in several groups—such as Sergei Witte or Feodor Dostoevsky—were able to imprint their concepts deeply on Russia's state or its culture. Mendeleev, on the other hand, unified artists, writers, scientists, and bureaucrats while preserving their traces in his sizable personal archive; his life illustrates what it was like to live and work in St. Petersburg. Moreover, his chemical ideas demonstrate how European science functioned, as well as how barriers of language and culture placed constraints on scientific attempts at attaining universality.

Hvor universelt er det universelle i kristendommen?

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Henrik Gregersen
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Natural Theology ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analytical Philosophy ◽  
History Of

En præsentation of kritik af Svend Andersens disputats.The highlight of the dissertation, Sprog og Skabelse, is the reevaluation of the neglected phenomenologist Hans Lipps (1889-1941), who is seen by Andersen to be the phenomenological counterpart to the philosophy of the later Wittgenstein, and even in several aspects as superior to it. In a valuable account of Løgstrup's philosophy of language, Andersen furthermore interprets the philosophy of religion by K.E. Løgstrup (1905-1981) as constituting a continuation of Lipps' philosophy of language.The article questions some lines of this interpretation. The theological motives of Løgstrup's early thinking are not derived from Lipps, but rather from Bultmann's and Gogarten's existentialist theology, combined with Løgstrup's own ideas on the givenness of life-utterance. In his philosophy of religion, Løgstrup persistently underlines the resistance that our language receives from the created structures of reality. His metaphysics determines his views on language, not the other way round. Another point of critique concerns Andersen's attempt to revive a natural theology based on the term of God as "the power to be in everything that exists". The article objects that this concept is semantically ambiguous until it is defined in the metaphorical framework of one or another religious tradition. The problem of analytical philosophy is its tendency to neglect the embeddedness of religious concepts in the history of the language. There are no such things as immaculate concepts.

Hymnody and Liturgy

2019 ◽  
pp. 491-506
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hehn
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
North American ◽  
John Calvin ◽  
Church Of Scotland ◽  
Metrical Psalmody ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

This chapter outlines the history of Presbyterian worship practice from the sixteenth century to the present, with a focus on North American Presbyterians. Tracing both their hymnody and their liturgy ultimately to John Calvin, Presbyterian communions have a distinct heritage of worship inherited from the Church of Scotland via seventeenth-century Puritans. Long marked by metrical psalmody and guided by the Westminster Directory, Presbyterian worship underwent substantial changes in the nineteenth century. Evangelical and liturgical movements led Presbyterians away from a Puritan visual aesthetic, into the use of nonscriptural hymnody, and toward a recovery of liturgical books. Mainline North American and Scottish Presbyterians solidified these trends in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries; however, conservative North American denominations and some other denominations globally continue to rely heavily on the use of a worship directory and metrical psalmody.

The Transferable Vote: A Hundred Years of Anglican Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-355
Author(s):  
Colin Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Good Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blind Person ◽  
Single Transferable Vote ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Church

I am grateful to the Society for the opportunity to mark the centenary of the Enabling Act and the beginning of the Church Assembly with some reflection on an often ignored but highly valuable feature of that inauguration: the Single Transferable Vote or STV. I tried on one respected registrar recently an illustration of what the task must be like for those who do not welcome it. Was it, I suggested, like a blind person doing a jigsaw where the pieces were all shaped differently from each other – in other words, where the blind person could ensure that it was put together accurately, but on the other hand never saw the picture? The response was that that picture reflected accurately how it had in fact felt to that registrar. That might suggest that this lecture should be explaining and commending STV as general good practice, but in the event the process and virtues of STV have here to be largely taken for granted. I offer here one short commendation of STV.

Literary Contributions of Catholics in Nineteenth-Century Mexico

1944 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-206
Author(s):  
Francis Borgia Steck
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mexican Literature ◽  
Native Land ◽  
Half Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

Two Poets, both laymen, stand out like brilliant stars on Mexico’s firmament, shedding the luster of the faith they loyally professed on the land they loved with equal loyalty, unfolding for Mexico’s glory the wealth of their poetic genius at a time when the storm clouds were gathering visibly and days of gloom and sorrow lowered over the Church and the faith to which their native land owed so much of her high and enviable culture. The two laymen in question are Manuel Carpio, who died in 1860, and José Joaquín Pesado, whose death occurred a year later. It is generally granted that Carpio and Pesado will always be cited in the history of Mexican literature as the leading revivers and exponents of classicism in their native land, without breaking away completely from the more popular and appealing forms of romanticism. It may be said that, as classicists, Carpio and Pesado took up and brought to fruition the movement begun by Martinez de Navarette and Sánchez de Tagle a half century earlier.

scholarly journals XIII.—On the Churches at Rome earlier than the year 1150

Archaeologia ◽  
1866 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-224
Author(s):  
Alexander Nesbitt
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Roman Art ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Articles Of Faith ◽  
The Church

It will doubtless be generally admitted that the ecclesiastical buildings of the earlier centuries of the Christian era merit careful study, as well from the investigator into the history and antiquities of the Christian Church, as from the architectural antiquary. The style and ornamentation of the church and the baptistery must necessarily reflect something of the tone of feeling towards religious matters which prevailed at the time of their erection, whilst the form of the structure, and even more those fittings and arrangements by which it was adapted to ritual purposes, must obviously have been planned and modified in accordance with the views of the age as regarded liturgical and ritual observances, ecclesiastical discipline, and even articles of faith. To the architectural antiquary, on the other hand, these buildings are interesting as enabling him to study the decline of Roman art, and as links in the great chain of architectural progress.

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