The theory on thing's limits. Part 3: The root cause of modern physics' century-long wandering

Electromagnetic radiation can cause an electron to be further broken down, because the radiated photons have taken away a part of the static mass that originally belonged to the electron. This article makes use of the experimental data approved by HLS800MeV electron storage ring, and reasonably calculates that the static mass of each electron in the ring is roughly in the range of 1.16×10-33 to 3.23×10-35 (kg). Once a consensus can be reached on this, it will mean the end of the century-long wandering of modern physics. If tracing its root, the problem has lain in relying solely on experimental data, like a blind person crossing the river by feeling for stones, difficult to grasp the correct research direction. So it is pointed out that based on the continuities of the development among truths and objective things are more reliable than relying solely on experimental data. Because the experimental data are not eternal, but any truth must be eternal. So once the two are combined with each other, as if the blind person has regained his vision again. That is, only based on the concepts and methods introduced in this article "The theory on thing's limits", the correct research direction can be ensured.

Smart Aid for Blind People

Eyesight is one of the most useful living organisms, but visually impaired people do not realize that sense. They are unable to see the beauty of nature. Not all the problems of the visually impaired can be solved but with the help of modern technology life could be made easier for them. In this era, where everybody tends to be independent in order to survive, people with lack of visuality find it almost not possible. Blindness is a very common disability across the world. Our project is designed in order to give blind people a helping end in overcoming their daily life challenges. The “Smart Aid for Blind People” project consists of Ultrasonic sensors for detection of obstacles like a car, staircase and alert the person with the help of in-built buzzer and a voice module. It also detects the motion of the object by Sensors. We have also used vibrating motor and voice module for sending alert message to the blind person. The overall aim of the project is to provide a safety and convenience to blind people. Keywords: Blind People, Ultrasonics sensors, Voice Module, Arduino Microcontroller, Wearable Device, Ear Phone, Buzzer, Obstacle.

Time-of-Day Effects on Anaerobic Power and Concentration of Selected Hormones in Blind Men

Knowledge of the circadian rhythm of the blind person and diurnal changes in anaerobic power and hormones concentration can create the possibility of individualising physical training. The aim of the study was to examine the time-of-day effects on anaerobic performance and the concentration of selected hormones. The measurements were performed at two different times of the day (10:00 a.m., 10:00 p.m.) in blind men at the age of 20–25 years old. The experiment group was chosen by using repeated hormonal tests four times a day so that each selected patient had a sleep/wake cycle even of 24 h. Anaerobic peak power and total work were tested in an anaerobic sprint test, and the concentration of growth hormone, testosterone, cortisol, and melatonin was determined. In blind men, the hormonal response was not driven by the photoperiod as in the control group. In the blind group, at 10:00 p.m., anaerobic peak power and total work results were significantly higher than at 10:00 a.m. and negatively correlated with melatonin levels. No such correlation was found in the control group.

The art of touch: lending a hand to the sighted majority

This article describes three collaborative projects designed to explore tactile and haptic encounters with visual art. As a blind person, the author takes advantage of touch tours offered in many of the world’s museums. As rewarding as these can be, she often leaves feeling that there is something missing. She is aware that people who witness a touch tour for blind people, both companions who might be with them and strangers who might observe it, are curious, even envious. It seems only right that she, and other blind people who enjoy this privilege, have a responsibility to share the experience as a way to expand cultural knowledge about art. The projects described here enable her to begin to establish a taxonomy and vocabulary of tactile and haptic aesthetics, and model tactile descriptions of art that can benefit anyone. She does this both to reciprocate for the privilege cultural institutions bestowed on her, as well as to show that touch is not merely a poor substitute for sight, but rather a different mode of inquiry and appreciation. She hopes this work will support challenges to the ocularcentrism of the museum sector by showing how art can engage the full human sensorium. These projects all took place in the years leading up to the Covid-19 global pandemic and were a small part of initiatives at arts institutions to promote equity and inclusion by drawing on the knowledge and expertise of members of marginalized communities. As these institutions reopen post-pandemic and restructure their staff and programming, it remains to be known if they will continue the progress toward greater inclusion or return to previous models designed to serve only normative audiences. In her conclusion, the author speculates on the kind of systematic changes that will need to happen to continue to diversify museum audiences and increase multisensory access to art.

Electronic Assistant for Impaired People

For people with serious visual impairments, a system is proposed that helps to identify obstacles and call for help in an emergency situation. The system is based on a microcontroller and optical, acoustic and electric sensors connected to it, as well as GPS and GSM modules. Modules interact with a person using voice communication. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 39 million people worldwide are blind and 246 million are visually impaired [1]. People with partial or complete loss of vision face many problems in their daily lives, especially the problem of movement and orientation in the field. A blind person usually uses a traditional stick to improve their mobility. However, the stick cannot provide a person with information beyond his reach. There are smart sticks that use one camera, or several video cameras mounted on the stick to capture images. Captured video images are resized, further processed and converted into acoustic or vibration signals. In such systems, the frequency of the warning signal correlates with the pixel orientation of the camcorder. There are also systems that use ultrasonic sensors to detect interference. The value of the distance to the obstacle, measured by a sound wave, is transmitted to the microcontroller, which sends a sound signal through the speaker. The disadvantages of such systems are the inability to detect hidden obstacles that are dangerous to the visually impaired, such as stairs, pits, puddles, and so on. The proposed system solves these problems by combining the capabilities of acoustic and optical sensors, as well as a water sensor. Support for a person in a difficult situation is also provided by establishing a telephone connection with a trustee. The GPS location information is received by the GPS module and the microcontroller sends this information via the GSM module to the specified contact number. The system consists of a microcontroller (control of the electronic assistant), a sensor system that receives information about the location of a person and obstacles in its path, an effector system that sends a person acoustic and vibration signals about detected obstacles, as well as a communication system. connects: 1) two ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles located in front at knee height and at head height; 2) infrared sensor to detect stairs and terrain; 3) water sensor to detect puddles. The sensors collect data in real time and send it to the microcontroller for processing. After processing the sensory information, the microcontroller sends vibrations and acoustic signals to the person, respectively, on the vibrators installed in the stick head, and on the Bluetooth headset. The system is powered by a recessed battery (not shown). This article proposes a system that helps a visually impaired person to reach their destination safely. The system uses a variety of sensors to detect interference and warn of interference with an audible signal and vibration. The intensity of the sound signal and vibration increase when a person approaches an obstacle. The GPS module tracks the user's location. In case of a dangerous situation, the GSM / GPRS module establishes a connection between a blind person and a trustee.

Smart Stick for Blind People

As we know that sense of vision to human being is an important thing in our life, but there is some people who have lack of mobility because of blindness The objective of this project is used to help the blind people and they are able to easily interact with the physical world by using this smart blind stick. About 285 million people are visually impaired worldwide: 39 million are blind and 246 million have low vision. If you notice them , you can very well know about it they can’t walk without the help of other. One has to ask guidance to reach their destination. Using this blind stick , a person can walk more confidently. This stick with ultrasonic sensor detects the object in front of the person and give response to the user by alarm from the buzzer, which will give a high buzz as the object gets closer to the blind person. So, the person can walk without any fear. The LDR sensor are used in the stick to identify the day and night for the blind people. The microcontroller (Arduino Nano) to receive the sensor signals and process them to short pulses to the Arduino pins where buzzers are connected. This device will be best solution to overcome their difficulties and help

Obstacle detection using Microsoft Kinect

This thesis presents the development of image processing algorithms based on a Microsoft Kinect camera system. The algorithms developed during this thesis are applied on the depth image received from Kinect and are supposed to model a three dimensional object based representation of the recorded scene. The motivation behind this thesis is to develop a system which assists visually impaired people by navigating through unknown environments. The developed system is able to detect obstacles in the recorded scene and to warn about these obstacles. Since the goal of this thesis was not to develop a complete real time system but to invent reliable algorithms solving this task, the algorithms were developed in MATLAB. Additionally a control software was developed by which depth as well as color images can be received from Kinect. The developed algorithms are a combination of already known plane fitting algorithms and novel approaches. The algorithms perform a plane segmentation of the 3D point cloud and model objects out of the received segments. Each obstacle is defined by a cuboid box and thus can be illustrated easily to the blind person. For plane segmentation different approaches were compared to each other to find the most suitable approach. The first algorithm analyzed in this thesis is a normal vector based plane fitting algorithm. This algorithm supplies very accurate results but also has a high computation effort. The second approach, which was finally implemented, is a gradient based 2D image segmentation combined with a RANSAC plane segmentation (6) in a 3D points cloud. This approach has the advantage to find very small edges within the scene but also builds planes based on global constrains. Beside the development of the algorithm results of the image processing, which are really promising, are presented. Thus the algorithm is worth to be improved by further development. The developed algorithm is able to detect very small but significant obstacles but on the other hand does not represent the scene too detailed such that the result can be illustrated accurately to a blind person.

Obstacle detection using Microsoft Kinect

This thesis presents the development of image processing algorithms based on a Microsoft Kinect camera system. The algorithms developed during this thesis are applied on the depth image received from Kinect and are supposed to model a three dimensional object based representation of the recorded scene. The motivation behind this thesis is to develop a system which assists visually impaired people by navigating through unknown environments. The developed system is able to detect obstacles in the recorded scene and to warn about these obstacles. Since the goal of this thesis was not to develop a complete real time system but to invent reliable algorithms solving this task, the algorithms were developed in MATLAB. Additionally a control software was developed by which depth as well as color images can be received from Kinect. The developed algorithms are a combination of already known plane fitting algorithms and novel approaches. The algorithms perform a plane segmentation of the 3D point cloud and model objects out of the received segments. Each obstacle is defined by a cuboid box and thus can be illustrated easily to the blind person. For plane segmentation different approaches were compared to each other to find the most suitable approach. The first algorithm analyzed in this thesis is a normal vector based plane fitting algorithm. This algorithm supplies very accurate results but also has a high computation effort. The second approach, which was finally implemented, is a gradient based 2D image segmentation combined with a RANSAC plane segmentation (6) in a 3D points cloud. This approach has the advantage to find very small edges within the scene but also builds planes based on global constrains. Beside the development of the algorithm results of the image processing, which are really promising, are presented. Thus the algorithm is worth to be improved by further development. The developed algorithm is able to detect very small but significant obstacles but on the other hand does not represent the scene too detailed such that the result can be illustrated accurately to a blind person.