The International Origins and Global Aspirations of Chinese Universities

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
William C. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The West ◽  
Chinese Universities ◽  
Academic Collaboration ◽  
China Model ◽  
World Class ◽  
Class Status

Despite the resurgence of nationalism in China, the United States, and several European countries, and rhetoric of a “decoupling” between China and the West, the internationalist agendas of Chinese universities remain robust. This trajectory would appear to be strengthened by the broad, inclusive, if still ill-defined mission given to Chinese institutions by Beijing to “go out” along the “New Silk Road” (NSR). Although the international origins and aspirations of Chinese universities have been shaped mainly by Western models, there are increased incentives for exchange between Chinese and NSR-based universities. However, hopes that educational exchanges will strengthen higher education in both China and the NSR may be unrealistic. Themselves products of international models, Chinese institutions have no distinct “China model” to offer NSR universities. Furthermore, although academic collaboration along the NSR may increase the quantity of Chinese scholarship, it is unlikely to help Chinese universities achieve a larger goal: world-class status.

A Comparison of China’s “Ivy League” to Other Peer Groupings Through Global University Rankings

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Ivy League ◽  
Chinese Universities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Higher Education Policies ◽  
Global University ◽  
World Class

This article analyzes the People’s Republic of China’s elite-making higher education policies that began in the early 1990s, notably with the 211 Project and then 985 Project, which led to the formation of the C9 League, a group of nine leading institution’s dubbed China’s “Ivy League.” This elite grouping is compared with other Chinese universities in terms of global rankings from 2003 to 2015 to ascertain the separation by these top tiered institutions. Furthermore, the C9 League will be compared with other global elite coalitions in the United States, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom over the same period. University rankings, despite considerable criticism, have provided the Chinese leadership with key benchmarks for their vision of world-class higher education. This article finds that the C9 League has made some separation from other Chinese universities and has also caught up with its Western peers (notably passing Canada’s U15) in terms of international rankings.

scholarly journals Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 361-387
Author(s):  
Ku-ming (Kevin) Chang ◽  
Alan J. Rocke
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Wilhelm Von Humboldt ◽  
Research Education ◽  
German States ◽  
The University

University reforms that institutionalized research education in the principal European countries and in the United States have been well studied; the remainder of this paragraph offers a quick summary of the received wisdom. The so-called Humboldtian reforms made Prussian universities, and Berlin in particular, leaders in higher education from the early nineteenth century onward. The Prussian university reformers, including Wilhelm von Humboldt, established original research and the training of students in research into important objectives for the university, and this research ethos quickly spread across German states in the next few decades. The reception of the research ethos was late and slow in France. The Napoleonic reforms at the beginning of the nineteenth century radically reorganized the ...

Education under occupation

1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-25
Author(s):  
Elfi Pallis
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Arab World ◽  
West Bank ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
The West ◽  
Educational Future ◽  
Student Fees

While Arab higher education in the Jordan appears to be expanding, Palestinians studying in the West Bank are facing problems grave enough to put their entire educational future in jeopardy. The West Bank, conquered by Israel in the 1967 war and today inhabited by 850,000 Palestinians and about 20,000 Israeli settlers, has four academic institutions: Najah University in Nablus, Bir Zeit University near Ramallah, the Polytechnic of Hebron and the College des Frères in Bethlehem. The first two derive their university status from their membership of the Association of Arab Universities and are financed by donations from the Arab world; Hebron provides an intermediate curriculum tailored to local requirements and paid for by student fees; and Bethlehem, which has applied to join the AAU, is financed by the Catholic community in the United States.

scholarly journals Specific Features of Middle Eastern Street-Art

2021 ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Nataliya V. Safonova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle East ◽  
English Language ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Street Art ◽  
The West ◽  
Distinctive Features

The article focuses on the distinctive features of street-art, presented by artists from the Middle East. The origin and development of this artform in the Middle East differs from the Western one. In European countries and the United States (within the framework of Western culture) street-art was originally a way of personal self-expression, of saying «I was here», the possibility of individual opposition to the system and even its conceptual destruction. On the contrary, in the East, graffiti is characterized by a collective or communal character. It became a type of a mirror reflecting the city’s life and its inhabitants. It is believed that the first graffiti, as means of communication, an exchange of current news, appeared in Palestine. But the tradition of graffiti on walls has existed in the Middle East before. Today, many artists have been influenced by Western aesthetics and one of the modern trends in the development of street art is English-language graffiti. In this article, special attention is paid to the origins and development of Middle Eastern street-art, its message, tasks and goals, and what conceptually distinguishes it from similar art in the West. Particular emphasis is placed on one type of the street art — graffiti.

Mafias on the Move

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Varese
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Market Expansion ◽  
The North ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
At Will

Organized crime is spreading like a global virus as mobs take advantage of open borders to establish local franchises at will. That at least is the fear, inspired by stories of Russian mobsters in New York, Chinese triads in London, and Italian mafias throughout the West. As this book explains, the truth is more complicated. The author has spent years researching mafia groups in Italy, Russia, the United States, and China, and argues that mafiosi often find themselves abroad against their will, rather than through a strategic plan to colonize new territories. Once there, they do not always succeed in establishing themselves. The book spells out the conditions that lead to their long-term success, namely sudden market expansion that is neither exploited by local rivals nor blocked by authorities. Ultimately the inability of the state to govern economic transformations gives mafias their opportunity. In a series of matched comparisons, the book charts the attempts of the Calabrese 'Ndrangheta to move to the north of Italy, and shows how the Sicilian mafia expanded to early twentieth-century New York, but failed around the same time to find a niche in Argentina. The book explains why the Russian mafia failed to penetrate Rome but succeeded in Hungary. A pioneering chapter on China examines the challenges that triads from Taiwan and Hong Kong find in branching out to the mainland. This book is both a compelling read and a sober assessment of the risks posed by globalization and immigration for the spread of mafias.

Educational Entrepreneurs in Tamil Nadu - A Profile

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siluvai Raja
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Education System ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World

Education has been considered as an indispensable asset of every individual, community and nation today. Indias higher education system is the third largest in the world, after China and the United States (World Bank). Tamil Nadu occupies the first place in terms of possession of higher educational institutions in the private sector in the country with over 46 percent(27) universities, 94 percent(464) professional colleges and 65 percent(383) arts and science colleges(2011). Studies to understand the profile of the entrepreneurs providing higher education either in India or Tamil Nadu were hardly available. This paper attempts to map the demographic profile of the entrepreneurs providing higher education in Arts and Science colleges in Tamil Nadu through an empirical analysis, carried out among 25 entrepreneurs spread across the state. This paper presents a summary of major inferences of the analysis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document