Regions within Regions

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-248
Author(s):  
James Whitley
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Narrative Art ◽  
Figurative Art ◽  
Political Communities

Archaic Crete has always provided a useful counterweight to Athenocentric views of how early Greece developed. This paper's focus is on Crete's epigraphic habits. It proposes that there is a deep-seated connexion between these and other features of its material culture-its austerity, and apparent lack of interest in narrative art. It goes on to compare epigraphic habits in Western, Central, and Eastern Crete. It concentrates on inscriptions from the three known Archaic political communities in Eastern Crete: Azoria, Praisos, and Itanos. They differ as much from each other as they do from the pattern to be found in Central Crete. Insofar as there is an East Cretan pattern, however, it seems in part to relate to a greater interest in figurative art than was the case in Central Crete. Whether this relates to linguistic differences, which seemed to have required modifications to the Cretan epichoric script, is also discussed.

scholarly journals Documentation of Caddo Ceramic Vessel Sherds from the Shelby Site (41CP71) in the Vernon Holcomb Collection, Camp County, Texas

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Building Activities ◽  
Political Communities ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Work Done

The Shelby site (41CP71) is an important Late Caddo period, Titus phase, religious and political center on Greasy Creek in the Northeast Texas Pineywoods. The site, occupied from the 15th century A.D. until at least the late 17th century A.D., is a large and well-preserved settlement with abundant habitation features as well as plant and animal remains, evidence of mound building activities in the form of a 1.5 m high structural mound, and a large community cemetery with at least 119 burial pits and perhaps as many as 200. The Shelby site is the nexus of one of a number of Titus phase political communities in the Big Cypress Creek stream basin. Nevertheless, very little is known archaeologically about the site—or the history of the Caddo’s settlement there—since almost all the work done at the site since it was discovered in 1979 has been by looters. Perttula and Nelson completed a limited amount of work in the village area in 2003, and Bob Turner and others worked in the 1.5 m high structural mound between 1985-1988, but an overall synthesis of the Caddo occupation at the Shelby site awaits more extensive professional archaeological investigations. One key step in any professional archaeological work that may be forthcoming at the site includes the documentation of Caddo material culture remains, especially Caddo ceramics, that are known to have come from the site, as they provide a record of the temporal, functional, and stylistic range of the ceramic vessels used and discarded at the site, as well as evidence of interaction and contact between different but contemporaneous Caddo groups. In August 2009, I had an opportunity to document a collection of Caddo ceramic sherds held by Vernon Holcomb from the Shelby site. He collected these sherds from the surface of the site some 25-30 years ago where they had been eroded out of the banks of a dry or intermittent stream branch that drains north to Greasy Creek.

Early Australian Anthropomorphs: Jabiluka's Dynamic Figure Rock Paintings

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally K. May ◽  
Iain G. Johnston ◽  
Paul S.C. Taçon ◽  
Inés Domingo Sanz ◽  
Joakim Goldhahn
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Figurative Art ◽  
The World ◽  
Rock Paintings ◽  
Body Adornment ◽  
Art And Society ◽  
Detailed Nature ◽  
Sheer Number

Early depictions of anthropomorphs in rock art provide unique insights into life during the deep past. This includes human engagements with the environment, socio-cultural practices, gender and uses of material culture. In Australia, the Dynamic Figure rock paintings of Arnhem Land are recognized as the earliest style in the region where humans are explicitly depicted. Important questions, such as the nature and significance of body adornment in rock art and society, can be explored, given the detailed nature of the human figurative art and the sheer number of scenes depicted. In this paper, we make a case for Dynamic Figure rock art having some of the earliest and most extensive depictions of complex anthropomorph scenes found anywhere in the world.

Palaeolithic Central and Eastern Europe

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Farbstein
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Figurative Art ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Palaeolithic Art

This chapter discusses the rich archaeological record of Upper Palaeolithic symbolic material culture from sites in Central and Eastern Europe. In particular, it focuses on art and ornaments excavated from sites in Czech Republic, Austria, Ukraine, and Russia. Following a review of some influential and provocative interpretations of the most frequently discussed figurative art, in particular the so-called ‘Venus’ figurines, it proposes new contextual frameworks that facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the diverse records of symbolic material culture, which include large quantities of zoomorphic, non-figurative art, and ornaments which have been the focus of relatively less research to date. Furthermore, it argues for the need for more nuanced approaches to the study of Palaeolithic art, particularly those which recognize that the socially embedded production of art could offer as much insight into these assemblages as the traditional approaches which focus on the iconography or appearance of the most aesthetically striking figurines.

The 40,000-Year-Old Female Figurine of Hohle Fels: Previous Assumptions and New Perspectives

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Melissa K. Stannard ◽  
Michelle C. Langley
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Figurative Art ◽  
Small Loop ◽  
Use Context ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Significant Discovery

As the earliest image of a human being and the oldest piece of figurative art, the female figurine of Hohle Fels remains a significant discovery for understanding the development of symbolic behaviour in Homo sapiens. Discovered in southwestern Germany in 2008, this mammoth-ivory sculpture was found in several fragments and has always been assumed to be complete, never owning a head. In place of a head, there is instead a small loop that would allow her to be threaded, possibly to be worn as a pendant. Several hypotheses have been put forward as to her original use context, ranging from representing a fertility goddess to a pornographic figure. Yet none of these theses have ever suggested that she once had a head. Here we explore whether the female figurine of Hohle Fels was designed as a two-part piece, with the head made of perishable material culture, possibly woven plant or animal fibres; or that the artefact is a broken and reworked figurine with the head simply never found. By exploring the possibility that this figurine did originally have a second part—a head—we investigate issues surrounding the role of women and children in the Swabian Aurignacian.

Materials with materiality?

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Knappett
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ground ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
The Social

Many scholars working in the domain of material culture will welcome this forceful statement from Ingold, sharing his frustration with the seemingly immaterial materiality emergent in the material-culture literature, the singular focus on things already made rather than their processes of becoming, and the apparent lack of contribution from those who do study materials in depth (e.g. archaeologists) to questions of materiality and material culture. His intervention is a timely one, although the message has been expressed before, albeit in more muted tones (e.g. Ingold 2000, 53). But while Ingold may be justified in bemoaning the lack of definition and clarity in ‘materiality’, is there scope for stepping back from the polemic and finding a middle ground? I would argue that materiality may still be a useful way of understanding the conjunction or intersection of the social and the material, without the former swallowing the latter.

Ultrastructure of Fibroblast Cultures, Lymphocytes, and Liver in Mucopolysaccharidoses Types I, II, III, IV, and VI.

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
George Hug ◽  
William K. Schubert ◽  
Shirley Soukup
Keyword(s):  
Lysosomal Enzyme ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Fibroblast Cultures ◽  
Lysosomal Diseases ◽  
Disease Specificity ◽  
Deficient Activity

McKusick subdivided the syndrome of mucopolysaccharidoses into six types according to clinical, roentenographic, and genetic criteria and to the kind of mucopolysaccharide(s) excreted in the urine (1). Deficient activity of a lysosomal enzyme, (β-galactosidase, has recently been reported in types I, II and III of mucopolysaccharidoses as well as in generalized gangliosidosis (2). This apparent lack of disease specificity makes the enzymatic deficiency difficult to interpret. Nevertheless, the involvement of a lysosomal enzyme tends to characterize these disorders as lysosomal diseases.

“The Unconscious” in Current Psychology

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Norman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Verbal Report ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Unconscious Processing ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Intermediate States ◽  
Definition Of

A series of vignette examples taken from psychological research on motivation, emotion, decision making, and attitudes illustrates how the influence of unconscious processes is often measured in a range of different behaviors. However, the selected studies share an apparent lack of explicit operational definition of what is meant by consciousness, and there seems to be substantial disagreement about the properties of conscious versus unconscious processing: Consciousness is sometimes equated with attention, sometimes with verbal report ability, and sometimes operationalized in terms of behavioral dissociations between different performance measures. Moreover, the examples all seem to share a dichotomous view of conscious and unconscious processes as being qualitatively different. It is suggested that cognitive research on consciousness can help resolve the apparent disagreement about how to define and measure unconscious processing, as is illustrated by a selection of operational definitions and empirical findings from modern cognitive psychology. These empirical findings also point to the existence of intermediate states of conscious awareness, not easily classifiable as either purely conscious or purely unconscious. Recent hypotheses from cognitive psychology, supplemented with models from social, developmental, and clinical psychology, are then presented all of which are compatible with the view of consciousness as a graded rather than an all-or-none phenomenon. Such a view of consciousness would open up for explorations of intermediate states of awareness in addition to more purely conscious or purely unconscious states and thereby increase our understanding of the seemingly “unconscious” aspects of mental life.

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