scholarly journals Documentation of Caddo Ceramic Vessel Sherds from the Shelby Site (41CP71) in the Vernon Holcomb Collection, Camp County, Texas

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Building Activities ◽  
Political Communities ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Work Done

The Shelby site (41CP71) is an important Late Caddo period, Titus phase, religious and political center on Greasy Creek in the Northeast Texas Pineywoods. The site, occupied from the 15th century A.D. until at least the late 17th century A.D., is a large and well-preserved settlement with abundant habitation features as well as plant and animal remains, evidence of mound building activities in the form of a 1.5 m high structural mound, and a large community cemetery with at least 119 burial pits and perhaps as many as 200. The Shelby site is the nexus of one of a number of Titus phase political communities in the Big Cypress Creek stream basin. Nevertheless, very little is known archaeologically about the site—or the history of the Caddo’s settlement there—since almost all the work done at the site since it was discovered in 1979 has been by looters. Perttula and Nelson completed a limited amount of work in the village area in 2003, and Bob Turner and others worked in the 1.5 m high structural mound between 1985-1988, but an overall synthesis of the Caddo occupation at the Shelby site awaits more extensive professional archaeological investigations. One key step in any professional archaeological work that may be forthcoming at the site includes the documentation of Caddo material culture remains, especially Caddo ceramics, that are known to have come from the site, as they provide a record of the temporal, functional, and stylistic range of the ceramic vessels used and discarded at the site, as well as evidence of interaction and contact between different but contemporaneous Caddo groups. In August 2009, I had an opportunity to document a collection of Caddo ceramic sherds held by Vernon Holcomb from the Shelby site. He collected these sherds from the surface of the site some 25-30 years ago where they had been eroded out of the banks of a dry or intermittent stream branch that drains north to Greasy Creek.

Ideas of Race in Early America

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean P. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early America ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Purity Of Blood

“Race,” as a concept denoting a fundamental division of humanity and usually encompassing cultural as well as physical traits, was crucial in early America. It provided the foundation for the colonization of Native land, the enslavement of American Indians and Africans, and a common identity among socially unequal and ethnically diverse Europeans. Longstanding ideas and prejudices merged with aims to control land and labor, a dynamic reinforced by ongoing observation and theorization of non-European peoples. Although before colonization, neither American Indians, nor Africans, nor Europeans considered themselves unified “races,” Europeans endowed racial distinctions with legal force and philosophical and scientific legitimacy, while Natives appropriated categories of “red” and “Indian,” and slaves and freed people embraced those of “African” and “colored,” to imagine more expansive identities and mobilize more successful resistance to Euro-American societies. The origin, scope, and significance of “racial” difference were questions of considerable transatlantic debate in the age of Enlightenment and they acquired particular political importance in the newly independent United States. Since the beginning of European exploration in the 15th century, voyagers called attention to the peoples they encountered, but European, American Indian, and African “races” did not exist before colonization of the so-called New World. Categories of “Christian” and “heathen” were initially most prominent, though observations also encompassed appearance, gender roles, strength, material culture, subsistence, and language. As economic interests deepened and colonies grew more powerful, classifications distinguished Europeans from “Negroes” or “Indians,” but at no point in the history of early America was there a consensus that “race” denoted bodily traits only. Rather, it was a heterogeneous compound of physical, intellectual, and moral characteristics passed on from one generation to another. While Europeans assigned blackness and African descent priority in codifying slavery, skin color was secondary to broad dismissals of the value of “savage” societies, beliefs, and behaviors in providing a legal foundation for dispossession. “Race” originally denoted a lineage, such as a noble family or a domesticated breed, and concerns over purity of blood persisted as 18th-century Europeans applied the term—which dodged the controversial issue of whether different human groups constituted “varieties” or “species”—to describe a roughly continental distribution of peoples. Drawing upon the frameworks of scripture, natural and moral philosophy, and natural history, scholars endlessly debated whether different races shared a common ancestry, whether traits were fixed or susceptible to environmentally produced change, and whether languages or the body provided the best means to trace descent. Racial theorization boomed in the U.S. early republic, as some citizens found dispossession and slavery incompatible with natural-rights ideals, while others reconciled any potential contradictions through assurances that “race” was rooted in nature.

scholarly journals SUBJECTS OF HOUSEHOLD AND PERSONAL ITEMSAS A SOURCE FOR STUDYING THE URBAN EVERYDAY LIFE OF THE LATE IMPERIAL ERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
O.N. Yakhno ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Almost All

The author discusses the need to expand the source base for studying the history of everyday life. It is noted that a solid pool of historiographic works has already been accumulated in this area of research. Recent publications focusing on the reconstruction of everyday life in national capitals and provincial centers contain extensive generalizations and conclusions. At the same time, almost all studies are based on various legal acts, current records, statistical materials, publications in periodicals of a relevant period, and written sources of private origin. Subjects of material culture, the "world of things" that surrounds people in their everyday life, receive much less attention as a potential source of research. The article demonstrates in what way the analysis of numerous household items, various accessories for hobbies and pastime, as well as personal care items, may contribute to a better understanding of both the material side of everyday life and the diversity of individual and group preferences, behavioral and communication styles, and value orientations of the people. The author draws a conclusion that this approach is particularly important for studying the changes in everyday life observed in critical periods in the Russian history characteristic of the early 20th century.

A Cultural History of Memory in the Middle Ages

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Social Fields ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Middle Ages

This volume covers the vast field of memory, commemoration and the art of memory in the Middle Ages. Memory was not only a religious, social and historical phenomenon but also a driving factor in cultural life and in the production of art. It played an important role in medieval intellectual, visual and material culture, touching on almost all spheres of personal and social life. Yet the perception of memory did not remain static. The period covered by this volume, 500-1450, was one of enormous change in the way memory was understood, expressed, and valued. The authors of the essays trace the changes in the understanding of memory in its diverse forms and social fields, analysing everyday life as well as politics, philosophy and theology. As can be demonstrated, functions and perceptions evolved over the medieval millennium and laid the foundations for the modern understanding of individual and social memory.

scholarly journals The historiography of the history of the entrepreneurship in prerevolutionary Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Yurii Goncharov ◽  
Olga Klimova
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Material Study

The article is devoted to the history of entrepreneurship in Siberia of early 19th – early 20th century. Historiography of entrepreneurial activity in the largest region of Russia is poorly studied. The theoretical basis of the article is the theory of modernization. The main method of research is historiographical analysis. The article is based on the study of a wide range of scientific literature on the history of entrepreneurship in Siberia. The paper highlights the periods of study of entrepreneurship, the main approaches, research problems. As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that nowadays there are both a large number of publications and genre diversity, and an increase in the source base of the breadth of research problems, the search for new methodological approaches. As a result of the work done, historians managed to accumulate a large amount of factual material, study the history of entrepreneurship in the region, cover almost all aspects of the life of Siberian entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Glosy jako podstawa polskich badań historycznojęzykowych

Polonica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Leńczuk
Keyword(s):  
Diverse Group ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Almost All

Polish glosses contained in 15th- century manuscripts are one of the basic elements of Polish historicallinguistic research. They are the largest and most diverse group of medieval monuments of the Polish language. Although they reflect almost all areas of life of the 15th-century inhabitants of Poland, they remain separated from the mainstream of historical and linguistic research. The author summarizes the history of research on Polish glosses and refers to the discussion on the term ‘gloss’, tools for describing glosses, and source research.

scholarly journals East Caucasus in the Late Eopleistocene (Calabrian): Palaeogeography and Archaeology

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Anton A. Anoikin
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Quaternary Period ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
History Of

Purpose. The results of the archaeological work in the Caucasus in the 21st Century indicate that it has been intensively populated since the beginning of the Quaternary Period. The problems of the natural environments in the Early Pleistocene and the material culture of the early Homo are fundamental for understanding the ancient history of the Caucasus. The Late Eopleistocene (Calabrian) in the East Caucasus corresponds to the Apsheron stage of the history of the Caspian Sea (1.7–0.8 Ma). The palaeolandscape of the southeast of Eastern Europe, including the Eastern Caucasus, during this period is comparable to the modern open landscapes in Africa. Palynological data show that in the East Caucasus, the high-altitude zonation of vegetation was already present in the Apsheron; its formation was associated with the tectonic uplift of the Greater Caucasus. The wildlife is characterized by the Taman complex, indicating the adaptation of the steppe fauna to the fall of temperature and increasing humidity of the climate, as well as expansion of the forested areas. Sites of the Apsheron time have been found in several districts of the Caucasus and Ciscaucasia: Central Dagestan (Akusha group of sites), Kurinskaya Depression in Azerbaijan (Garadzha), Lori Plateau in Armenia (Muradovo, Kurtan), South-Georgian Highlands (Amiranis-Gora), Taman Peninsula (Bogatyri, Rodniki-1-4). Results. For the Calabrian, several stone industries are known in the Caucasus – Oldowan/pebble-flake, Early Palaeolithic small tool industry and Early Acheulean. The most expressive early complexes with bifaces date to the end of the Apsheron period and contain a significant number of Oldowan elements (Garadzha). Conclusion. Analysis of the natural conditions and fluctuations of the Caspian palaeobasin shows that the development of archaeological cultures in the eastern part of the Caucasus occurred during stable and favourable natural conditions, and it was of a weak evolutionary character.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Prehistoric Artifacts from the Pace McDonald Site (41AN51), Anderson County, Texas

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Neches River ◽  
Ultimate Purpose

The Pace McDonald site (41AN51) is a poorly known prehistoric Caddo mound center on Mound Prairie Creek in Anderson County, Texas, in the upper Neches River Basin. With the permission of one of the landowners, Mr. Johnny Sanford, the Friends of Northeast Texas Archaeology are planning on initiating an archaeological research effort at the site in 2010. The ultimate purpose of this work is to learn more about the native history of this mound center-when it was occupied and used, and by which prehistoric Caddo group--its intra-site spatial organization, and ultimately obtain site-specific archaeological information that can help understand the site's place and role in the Caddo prehistory of this part of East Texas. It will be a long-term effort to accomplish these tasks. We intend to rely upon both archaeological (i.e., survey, surface collections, systematic shovel testing, and focused hand excavations) and archaeogeophysical disciplines (especially to complete a magnetometer survey of as much as the site as possible, as this has become an important aspect of Caddo archaeological investigations, to gather relevant archaeological information on the location and character of Caddo house features and outdoor activity areas, as well as the associated material culture remains and preserved plant and animal remains. One key aspect of our work is to understand the characteristics of the Caddo material culture from the Pace McDonald site, since this will have a large bearing on the age of the Caddo occupation, which has been a matter of dispute for some years. In this article 1 summarize the results and findings of a recent examination of the site's prehistoric artifacts (especially its prehistoric Caddo artifacts) in the collections of the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at the University of Texas at Austin (TARL).

From the Tower of London to the Thomas More Society of Buenos Aires: “Give me thy grace, good Lord, to set the world at nought”

Moreana ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (Number 164) (4) ◽  
pp. 187-206
Author(s):  
Clare M. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Short History ◽  
Thomas More ◽  
Tower Of London ◽  
Hebrew Poetry ◽  
Prayer Book ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Book Of Hours ◽  
Almost All

The Thomas More Society of Buenos Aires begins or ends almost all its events by reciting in both English and Spanish a prayer written by More in the margins of his Book of Hours probably while he was a prisoner in the Tower of London. After a short history of what is called Thomas More’s Prayer Book, the author studies the prayer as a poem written in the form of a psalm according to the structure of Hebrew poetry, and looks at the poem’s content as a psalm of lament.

AN APPRAISAL OF SOURCE MATERIAL FOR THE STUDY OF TARGUM MINOR PROPHETS

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-469
Author(s):  
Gudrun Lier ◽  
Anna Fransina Van Zyl
Keyword(s):  
Source Material ◽  
Bible Translations ◽  
Integrated Research ◽  
Translation Techniques ◽  
Former Prophets ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
History Of Biblical Interpretation ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Minor Prophets

The study of Aramaic Bible translations (Targumim) continues to be a valuable source of information, not only for uncovering the history of biblical interpretation but also for providing insights for the study of linguistics and translation techniques. In comparison with work done on the Pentateuchal Targumim and Targum Former Prophets, research on the individual books of Targum Minor Prophets has been scant. By providing an overview of selected source material this review seeks (i) to provide incentives for more focussed studies in the field of Targum Minor Prophets and (ii) to motivate new integrated research approaches which are now made possible with the assistance of highly developed software programmes.

The importance of stock herding and dairying in the Neolithic Balkans and the subsistence diversity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darko Stojanovski ◽  
Ivana Živaljević ◽  
Vesna Dimitrijević ◽  
Julie Dunne ◽  
Richard Evershed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Dental Calculus ◽  
Isotopic Study ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
New Information ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Ceramic Vessels

The application of biomolecular techniques to archaeological materials from the Balkans is providing valuable new information on the prehistory of the region. This is especially relevant for the study of the neolithisation process in SE Europe, which gradually affected the rest of the continent. Here, to answer questions regarding diet and subsistence practices in early farming societies, we combine organic residue analyses of archaeological pottery, taxonomic and isotopic study of domestic animal remains and biomolecular analyses of human dental calculus. The results from the analyses of the lipid residues from pottery suggest that milk was processed in ceramic vessels. Dairy products were shown to be part of the subsistence strategies of the earliest Neolithic communities in the region but were of varying importance in different areas of the Balkan. On the other hand, we did not confidently detect any milk proteins within the dental calculus. The molecular and isotopic identification of meat, dairy, plants and beeswax in the pottery lipids also provided insights into the diversity of diet in these early Neolithic communities. We also present the first compound-specific radiocarbon dates for the region, obtained directly on absorbed organic residues extracted from pottery, identified as dairy lipids.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document