Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven W. Evans ◽  
Julie S. Owens ◽  
W. John Monopoli ◽  
Kari Benson
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Effective Assessment

Youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder experience impairment across multiple domains of functioning, with the characteristics changing with age. Thus, assessment and treatment must be appropriate for the home and school and relevant to the child’s developmental level. This chapter reviews effective assessment strategies for use with children and adolescents. Psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents are discussed separately, as the approaches with each group differ substantially. For children, strategies with a strong evidence base are described, and innovations and treatment modifications that have been examined recently are showcased. For adolescents, the results of the few randomized clinical trials conducted with this population are reviewed. A theoretical model for how to sequence treatments (i.e., intervention, medication, accommodations) for youth is referenced, and two case studies highlight this model, as well some of the new findings described in this chapter. Implications and recommendations for future research and practice are provided.

scholarly journals Evidence of potential overdiagnosis and overtreatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents: protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e032327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luise Kazda ◽  
Katy Bell ◽  
Rae Thomas ◽  
Kevin McGeechan ◽  
Alexandra Barratt
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Scoping Reviews

IntroductionWorldwide, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis rates in children and adolescents have been increasing consistently over the past decades, fuelling a debate about the underlying reasons for this trend. While many hypothesise that a substantial number of these additional cases are overdiagnosed, to date there has been no comprehensive evaluation of evidence for or against this hypothesis. Thus, with this scoping review we aim to synthesise published evidence on the topic in order to investigate whether existing literature is consistent with the occurrence of overdiagnosis and/or overtreatment of ADHD in children and adolescents.Methods and analysisThe proposed scoping review will be conducted in the context of a framework of five questions, developed specifically to identify areas in medicine with the potential for overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The review will adhere to the Joanna Briggs Methodology for Scoping Reviews. We will search Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library electronic databases for primary studies published in English from 1979 onwards. We will also conduct forward and backward citation searches of included articles. Data from studies that meet our predefined exclusion and inclusion criteria will be charted into a standardised extraction template with results mapped to our predetermined five-question framework in the form of a table and summarised in narrative form.Ethics and disseminationThe proposed study is a scoping review of the existing literature and as such does not require ethics approval. We intend to disseminate the results from the scoping review through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and through conference presentations. Further, we will use the findings from our scoping review to inform future research to fill key evidence gaps identified by this review.

scholarly journals Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: assessment and treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Peter Hill
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
Assessment And Diagnosis

SummaryAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous neurobehavioural syndrome, complex in aetiology and presentation. It is characterised by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity of varying combinations and degrees of severity. This article seeks to elucidate the different components of the assessment and diagnosis of ADHD in comparison with various differential diagnoses that must also be considered. Despite its complexities, ADHD can be effectively managed using a comprehensive approach advocated by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). The article discusses the combination of medication, psychoeducation and parental handling that has been shown to be effective in containing the problematic symptoms of ADHD. It also highlights the difficulties that can persist into adulthood and potential strategies to improve prognosis.

Assessment and Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2017 ◽  
pp. 701-705
Author(s):  
Daniel Lennen
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Niche Area ◽  
Multidisciplinary Model ◽  
Interest In Technology ◽  
The Way

The assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a challenging and rewarding niche practice area. This exciting population requires a wide interest in technology and neuroscience as a practice area. Practitioners will likely benefit from quick feedback using cognitive and behavioral interventions, ideally in a multidisciplinary model. This chapter explores creating a startup business in this niche area, its joys and challenges, and experiences gained along the way. Information is provided to assist those interested in developing this area of niche practice, to include clinical and business aspects of practice and helpful resources.

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