Euthyphro, Apology, and Crito

Author(s):  
Hugh H. Benson
Keyword(s):  
The One ◽  

This chapter presents a reading of Plato’s Euthyphro, Apology, and Crito. These dialogues, in which Plato depicts the weeks leading up to Socrates’s last day, are replete with various philosophical explorations. Among those explorations is the question of how to live our lives. On the one hand, Socrates is clear and straightforward. We should live the examined life—making logoi and examining ourselves and others in order to determine whether we are as wise as we think we are, and we should live the virtuous life. This is how Socrates lives his life. On the other hand, the examined life undercuts, or at least should undercut, the confidence with which he seeks to live the virtuous life. It may help bring some stability to the general principles by which he lives his life, but it can do so only defeasibly and without certainty.

Imbizo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Epongse Nkealah ◽  
Olutoba Gboyega Oluwasuji

Ideas of nationalisms as masculine projects dominate literary texts by African male writers. The texts mirror the ways in which gender differentiation sanctions nationalist discourses and in turn how nationalist discourses reinforce gender hierarchies. This article draws on theoretical insights from the work of Anne McClintock and Elleke Boehmer to analyse two plays: Zintgraff and the Battle of Mankon by Bole Butake and Gilbert Doho and Hard Choice by Sunnie Ododo. The article argues that women are represented in these two plays as having an ambiguous relationship to nationalism. On the one hand, women are seen actively changing the face of politics in their societies, but on the other hand, the means by which they do so reduces them to stereotypes of their gender.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-331
Author(s):  
Suwei Wu ◽  
Alan Cienki

AbstractAn increasing number of studies are being devoted to the investigation of what aspects of grammar, and of events, expressed in speech are coordinated with gesture. However, previous studies have focused on gesture use in relation to either transitivity or event properties, without considering how these factors interact. In this study, we consider how gesture use relates to transitivity when the type of event in the causativeinchoative alternation is considered, and also how gesture use relates to properties of the events when the type of transitivity is considered. We found various relations both between gesture use and transitivity on the one hand, and between gesture use and certain properties of events on the other hand. Whereas some of the results contrast with the findings in previous studies about the relation between gesture and transitivity, other results obtained actually reinforce and complement some previous findings. The results concerning event properties and gesture also add to previous studies about which properties of certain motor-spatial events relate to gesture and how they do so. The study thus provides a more nuanced understanding of the relation between gesture and language.


1992 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Silveri

AbstractThere are several clear trends in the recycling of paper. Firstly, the amount of recycle is increasing and will continue to do so. Secondly, recycled fiber is being used in greater quantities. Finally the recycled fiber is being introduced into higher quality paper grades which previously did not have any recycled content.This means that on the one hand the quality of the recycled furnish is deteriorating in terms of contaminant level and strength, while on the other hand there is an increased expectation in terms of properties of the end product, the recycled fiber.The major unit operations of recycling and general principles of system design are reviewed, methods for enhancing these properties and limits which can be achieved are discussed.


2020 ◽  
pp. 127-146
Author(s):  
Amy Reed-Sandoval

This chapter completes the argument that “being socially undocumented” entails having a real, visible social identity by exploring possible aspects of a socially undocumented interpretive horizon. It argues that the socially undocumented interpretive horizon can be characterized in terms of resistance to a “double bind” in which socially undocumented people often find themselves. On the one hand, they often have no choice but to perform under-valued labor in the United States; failure to do so could very literally result in starvation and death. On the other hand, socially undocumented people with and without legal authorization to be in the United States are “read” as “illegals,” and subjected to demeaning, immigration-related constraints, on the very basis of performing and being associated with such labor. They are, then, faced with two highly constraining options. This chapter explores ways in which socially undocumented people take innovative action to respond to this double bind.


Author(s):  
Cosmin Toth

One of the most hotly debated topics in Romania in recent years has been the vaccination of children, especially in relation to the measles epidemic that began in 2016 and continues to this day. Using a discourse analytic perspective, this article addresses the main interpretative repertoires regarding the vaccination of children displayed in interview situations by two categories of parents, namely those who decided to vaccinate their children and those who refused to vaccinate their children. Regarding the first group, I have identified the following repertoires: (1) the repertoire of "I trust doctors, I trust science" as a repertoire of expressing total trust; (2) the repertoire of hypocrisy and ridicule in relation to “vaccine refusers” and (3) the repertoire of the absurdity of anti-vaccine theories. These repertoires come together into a broader discursive framework of epistemic superiority. The second group of parents (those who decided to refuse vaccination) developed a series of sub-repertoires to substantiate a rational, responsible and loving parent's identity. I conclude that although we are witnessing a dynamic dialogic construction, at present the repertoires are constructed in a way that cancels out a possible dialogue between the two groups. On the one hand, those who support vaccination do so from a position of epistemic superiority, accusing vaccine refusers of lack of reason and education. On the other hand, those who refuse vaccination construct hypertrophied and complex repertoires of responsibility, rationality and affectivity meant to replace the legitimacy of scientific, medical and administrative institutions as a basis for parental decision making.


Author(s):  
Florencia Battagliero Bocco ◽  
José Vicente Fontana Oltra ◽  
Marta Navarro

Resumen: El objetivo del presente artículo es trabajar y reforzar las destrezas y competencias necesarias para aprobar el Diploma de Español como Lengua Extranjera. Para ello, se planteará una serie de recursos que buscan desbloquear al estudiante en un ambiente distendido, sobre todo los días previos al examen. La propuesta se centrará en la Prueba de Expresión e Interacción Orales, concretamente en la tarea 3 del nivel B1 y en la tarea 2 del nivel B2, que corresponden a la descripción de una fotografía. Se empleará, por una parte, un vídeo de carácter estático (donde el interlocutor no expresa movimientos corporales pronunciados) y por otra, cómics de Argentina que a su vez servirán para ampliar el léxico en la variante rioplatense. Por último, se tratará el uso del rap como herramienta para mejorar la pronunciación, entonación y el empleo del lenguaje no verbal. Palabras claves: DELE, vídeo, cómic, rap. Abstract: The purpose of the following essay is to train and to strengthen the skills and the competences required to pass the “Spanish as a Foreign Language Certificate”. In order to do so, we will first consider various resources which aim to release students from any kind of stress by setting up a relaxed atmosphere – especially a few days before the exam. The focus of the present essay has to be linked to the Expression and Oral Interaction tests and above all to the assignments 3 (B1 level) and 2 (B2 level), and their picture descriptions. On the one hand, we will use a static video and, on the other hand, we will tackle Argentinian comics in order to expand students’ knowledge of the Río de la Plata lexicon. Finally, we will deal with the use of rap as a tool to improve pronunciation, intonation, and non-verbal communication.Key words: DELE, video, comic, rap.


Author(s):  
María Isabel Jiménez Martínez ◽  
◽  
Eveling Garzón Fontalvo ◽  

The aim of this articleis twofold: on the one hand, to highlight the main combinatory, semantic and syntactic features of the collocations inLatin and, on the other hand, to provide a series of explanations and exercises that allow students to understand how they work.To do so, first we will focus on the restricted nature of this type of word combinations. Next, we will go deeper into the idea that the nouns, and not the verbs, are the semantic core of these constructions. And finally, we will analyze the syntactic contribution of each of these elements to the whole. All the theoretical explanation of our proposal will be accompanied by a series of practical activities focused on learning to identify, understand, and translate some collocations with the verbs facere, habere and dare


Author(s):  
Florencia Battagliero Bocco ◽  
José Vicente Fontana Oltra ◽  
Marta Navarro

Resumen: El objetivo del presente artículo es trabajar y reforzar las destrezas y competencias necesarias para aprobar el Diploma de Español como Lengua Extranjera. Para ello, se planteará una serie de recursos que buscan desbloquear al estudiante en un ambiente distendido, sobre todo los días previos al examen. La propuesta se centrará en la Prueba de Expresión e Interacción Orales, concretamente en la tarea 3 del nivel B1 y en la tarea 2 del nivel B2, que corresponden a la descripción de una fotografía. Se empleará, por una parte, un vídeo de carácter estático (donde el interlocutor no expresa movimientos corporales pronunciados) y por otra, cómics de Argentina que a su vez servirán para ampliar el léxico en la variante rioplatense. Por último, se tratará el uso del rap como herramienta para mejorar la pronunciación, entonación y el empleo del lenguaje no verbal. Palabras claves: DELE, vídeo, cómic, rap. Abstract: The purpose of the following essay is to train and to strengthen the skills and the competences required to pass the “Spanish as a Foreign Language Certificate”. In order to do so, we will first consider various resources which aim to release students from any kind of stress by setting up a relaxed atmosphere – especially a few days before the exam. The focus of the present essay has to be linked to the Expression and Oral Interaction tests and above all to the assignments 3 (B1 level) and 2 (B2 level), and their picture descriptions. On the one hand, we will use a static video and, on the other hand, we will tackle Argentinian comics in order to expand students’ knowledge of the Río de la Plata lexicon. Finally, we will deal with the use of rap as a tool to improve pronunciation, intonation, and non-verbal communication.Key words: DELE, video, comic, rap.


Author(s):  
Endang Sri Maruti

<p>Learning paramasastra (grammar), especially paramasastra Java, in the SBC between two poles. On the one hand, learning grammar is important to determine how the students' understanding of the Java language, on the other hand grammar learning integrable in four aspects already existing skills in the curriculum. Determination of the polemical stance in the face of an important thing to do, so that the teacher can determine the approach to be used in learning.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: approach, learning, paramasastra, the Java language</p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aeron Davis

This article begins by asking how have elites, who are more fragmented, transitory and precarious than ever, continued to do so well out of discredited, financialised capitalist democracy? One possible answer lies in what I term the new professional econocracy. As the article reveals, an increasing proportion of elite figures at the top of business and government now have educational and/or professional experiences of economics and related disciplines. On the one hand, this provides the basis of a shared professional discourse and accompanying set of norms, values and practices. This unites disparate and mobile elites. On the other hand, such knowledge enables these elites both to move across sectors and to game the economic and accounting systems that they have helped construct. Thus, elites reflexively adapt to, and benefit from, economic rules while also rigidly dictating them to those below.


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