Aesthetic Responses to the Characters, Plots, Worlds, and Style of Stories

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta M. Maslej ◽  
Joshua A. Quinlan ◽  
Raymond A. Mar
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Aesthetic Responses ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Narrative Worlds ◽  
Unique Style ◽  
Physiological Reactions

This chapter reviews empirical research on aesthetic responses to stories, organizing our review around characters, plots, worlds or setting, and stylistic choices. We begin by outlining various responses to characters and how they influence us. Next, we discuss emotional, cognitive, and physiological reactions to plot events. We also touch on the confusing appeal of stories that elicit negative emotions, suggesting that they inspire insight. Next, we focus on the worlds in which stories take place, outlining how engagement in story worlds affects enjoyment and story-related beliefs. We also review our tendencies to revisit narrative worlds, and how different worlds map onto different genres. Finally, we discuss how characters, plots, and settings can be portrayed in different ways, based on stylistic choices. We explain how adopting a unique style of presenting stories captures attention and invites reflection and engagement. Lastly, we discuss future challenges and goals facing this field.

scholarly journals Students’ Emotions as a Factor of their Professional Competence Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
С.А. Гапонова ◽  
С.Г. Ловков
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Development ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Coping Skills ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Competence Development ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Development Of Students

В статье рассматривается вопрос о факторах, влияющих на развитие настоящего профессионализма, неразрывно связанного с профессиональной направленностью личности, субъектным отношением к деятельности. Одной из психических структур, связывающих профессиональное и личностное, являются профессиональные представления. Анализ современных эмпирических исследований показывает, что значительное развитие профессиональные представления получают во время обучения в системе высшего образования. Однако это развитие имеет значительные резервы. Гипотеза исследования состоит в том, что существуют факторы, значительно замедляющие развитие у студентов профессиональных представлений в процессе обучения. На основе анализа особенностей развития профессиональных представлений было выдвинуто предположение, что одним из таких факторов является частое возникновение у них негативных эмоциональных состояний. Для подтверждения этой гипотезы со студентами были проведены занятия по формированию навыка совладания с негативными переживаниями. В результате развитие профессиональных представлений у них значительно ускорилось. Таким образом, возникновение негативных переживаний, связанных с процессом обучения, является фактором, существенно замедляющим развитие профессиональных представлений. The article focuses on factors that influence the development of professional competencies, promotes people’s professional improvement, their involvement in their work. Professional insights serve as a bridge between the personal and the professional. The analysis of modern empirical research shows that higher education efficiently promotes the development of people’s professional insights. It also shows that people’s professional development has significant reserves. The hypothesis of the research consists in the assumption that there are certain factors that hinder the development of students’ professional insights in the process of education. The analysis of the peculiarities of professional insights development enables the authors of the article to assume that one of the factors is students’ predisposition towards negative emotions. To prove the hypothesis, students were engaged into learning activities aimed at the development of coping skills. The experiment showed that students’ professional insights were developed more efficiently and rapidly. Therefore, negative emotions associated with the process of education are a factor that significantly hinders the development of students’ professional insights.

scholarly journals Localization of subjective control and features of self-attitude of deprived youth

HUMANITARIUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Olha Kiz
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Dependent Position ◽  
Independent Life

The article deals with the influence of deprived conditions of socialization in institutional care institutions on the formation of the locus control and self-attitude of personality. The results of empirical research about the features and correlations between some scales of the studied phenomenon have been presented. It has also been found that the deprived youth both sexes have difficulty in self-absorbed, contradictory self-attitude, negative emotions to himself / herself, and the external type of locus control regardless some positive self-attitudes.In the deprived conditions of parental-child interaction, the emotional and value self-attitude of youth has been characterized as reduced ability to self-reflection, feeling guilty, internal conflict, a tendency to self-incrimination, which forming a dependent position in the development of intimate and reference contacts, narrowing the abilities for self-realization in preparing for independent life. Youth of both sexes with deprived experience are insecure in themselves, their potencies and opportunities. They have some ability to building a line of behavior independently; obeying the attitudes about their inferiority and insignificance in the regulation of life; the lack of interest of their internal world; the low assessment of the value of their own image “I” for himself / herself and for others; the expectation of unfavorable reactions, lack of sympathy, negative self-attitude, self-incrimination, self-analysis and self-criticism.In the conditions without psychological and correction work, the diffuse self- attitude causes a self-rejection as a big hurdle to the adaptation and integration into society and destabilizing effect on the possibility of successful personal self-realization in the future. The above actualizes the problem of socio-psychological support of growing personality in current conditions of a variety of deprivation, which provides necessary opportunities for deprived youth of both sexes to compare their real possibilities with the society requirements, their own behavior with the expectations of other people; and opportunity for self-asserted and self-development, resolving internal conflicts.

Why Does Music Evoke Strong Emotions?

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Levitin ◽  
Lindsay A. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Music Perception ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Endogenous Opioids ◽  
Sexual Pleasure ◽  
Aesthetic Responses ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Reward Pathways ◽  
Biological Substrates ◽  
Musical Emotion ◽  
The Brain

Although much is known about the brain mechanisms underlying music perception and cognition, there is much work to be done in understanding aesthetic responses to music: Why does music make us feel the way we do? Why does it make us feel anything? In the article under discussion, the authors suggest that the brain’s own endogenous opioids mediate musical emotion, using the hypothesis of naltrexone-induced musical anhedonia. They conclude that endogenous opioids are critical to experiencing both positive and negative emotions in music and that music uses the same reward pathways as food, drugs, and sexual pleasure. Their findings add to the growing body of evidence for the evolutionary biological substrates of music.

The Neuroaesthetics of Music: A Research Agenda Coming of Age

2018 ◽  
pp. 363-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Brattico
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Music Perception ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Aesthetic Experiences ◽  
Cognition And Emotion ◽  
Aesthetic Responses ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Art Research

This chapter offers an overview on the state-of-the-art research under the agenda of the neuroaesthetics of music. This research agenda, inspired by the neuroaesthetics of visual art, represents a paradigm shift from neuroimaging studies focused exclusively on music perception, cognition, and emotion to studies that consider aesthetic responses such as liking, preference, and aesthetic judgments. The existing models depicting information processing stages of the musical aesthetic experiences and their loci in the brain are summarized. The latest findings point at a synergy between neural systems, and particularly between superior temporal gyrus and limbic reward areas for issuing aesthetic responses to music. Future challenges for the field are the discovery of the neural mechanisms of inter-subject communication during musical performance leading to an efficacious aesthetic experience.

scholarly journals Logics, discourse theory and methods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Glynos ◽  
David Howarth ◽  
Ryan Flitcroft ◽  
Craig Love ◽  
Konstantinos Roussos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Future Challenges

Abstract Logics of Critical Explanation proposed a methodological approach that could render the insights of Poststructuralist Discourse Theory (PDT) and post-Marxist political theory more conducive to critical empirical research. It also offered a language with which to counter positivist tendencies to colonize the space of methods and research strategies, showing how PDT could facilitate both explanatory and critical endeavours. Since its publication in 2007, a number of studies have applied the logics framework to empirical cases, while critically engaging with its methodological and theoretical arguments. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate some of these developments, and to set out some future challenges faced by this research programme.

scholarly journals Service Failure, Threat or Opportunity to Engage a Research Shopper?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Viejo-Fernández ◽  
Rodolfo Vázquez-Casielles
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Service Failure ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Structural Equations Model ◽  
The Relationship

This paper analyzes the effect of the existence or not of failures, as well as the response of retailers to an eventual failure, influences the emotions developed by research shoppers. The empirical research is based on a survey with a sample of 636 mobile phone users. The results derived from the application of a structural equations model indicate that research shoppers develop more intense positive emotions when they do not have any complain with the retailers or if they solved the failure satisfactorily. Likewise, the relationship between research shoppers and the development of negative emotions is less intense when customers do not have any complain with the retailer or the company has solved the failure satisfactorily. 

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