Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Lloyd-Fox
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Object Processing ◽  
Set Up

Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides an essential bridge between our knowledge of adult human brain function and our current understanding of the developing brain. The capacity for fNIRS to provide localized measures of functional activation within awake and mobile infants, combined with a low set-up time and high tolerance to movement, far outweigh the limitations of fNIRS. To date, fNIRS has been applied to the study of object processing, social cognition, language, attention, learning and memory, functional connectivity, and recently to social and affective touch. Furthermore, it has been adopted by researchers targeting specific developmental populations including developmental disorders, cochlear implants and hearing loss, prematurity, and global health environmental and psychosocial risk factors. As fNIRS research continues to rapidly expand, it is paramount that the interpretation of, and subsequent claims arising from, fNIRS data are informed by a clear understanding of the complexities of fNIRS measurements.

scholarly journals Brain–Computer Interfacing Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS)

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Kogulan Paulmurugan ◽  
Vimalan Vijayaragavan ◽  
Sayantan Ghosh ◽  
Parasuraman Padmanabhan ◽  
Balázs Gulyás
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Neuron Function ◽  
Brain Computer Interfacing ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Computer Interfacing

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a wearable optical spectroscopy system originally developed for continuous and non-invasive monitoring of brain function by measuring blood oxygen concentration. Recent advancements in brain–computer interfacing allow us to control the neuron function of the brain by combining it with fNIRS to regulate cognitive function. In this review manuscript, we provide information regarding current advancement in fNIRS and how it provides advantages in developing brain–computer interfacing to enable neuron function. We also briefly discuss about how we can use this technology for further applications.

ASSESSING WORKING MEMORY IN REAL-LIFE SITUATIONS WITH FUNCTIONAL NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

2009 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 423-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
TING LI ◽  
LI LI ◽  
QINGMING LUO ◽  
HUI GONG
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Promising Alternative

Working memory is one of the most important functions in our brain, which has been widely studied with unreal-life measured technologies. A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) instrument with a portable and low-cost design is developed, which is capable of providing hemodynamic measurement associated with brain function in real-life situations. Using this instrument, we performed working memory studies involved in Chinese words encoding, verbal, and spatial stem recognition, which are mainly studied with other technologies. Our results show that fNIRS can well assess working memory activities, in comparison with the reported results mainly using other methodologies. Furthermore, we find that hemodynamic change in the prefrontal cortex during all working memory tasks is highly associated with subjects' behavioral data. fNIRS is shown to be a promising alternative to the current methodologies for studying or assessing functional brain activities in natural condition.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of fNIRS in Evaluating Levels of Consciousness

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Androu Abdalmalak ◽  
Daniel Milej ◽  
Loretta Norton ◽  
Derek B. Debicki ◽  
Adrian M. Owen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Disorders Of Consciousness ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Over the last few decades, neuroimaging techniques have transformed our understanding of the brain and the effect of neurological conditions on brain function. More recently, light-based modalities such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy have gained popularity as tools to study brain function at the bedside. A recent application is to assess residual awareness in patients with disorders of consciousness, as some patients retain awareness albeit lacking all behavioural response to commands. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy can play a vital role in identifying these patients by assessing command-driven brain activity. The goal of this review is to summarise the studies reported on this topic, to discuss the technical and ethical challenges of working with patients with disorders of consciousness, and to outline promising future directions in this field.

scholarly journals Imaging Brain Function with Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Unconstrained Environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana B. Balardin ◽  
Guilherme A. Zimeo Morais ◽  
Rogério A. Furucho ◽  
Lucas Trambaiolli ◽  
Patricia Vanzella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

scholarly journals Measurement of Brain Function of Car Driver Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS)

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Tsunashima ◽  
Kazuki Yanagisawa
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Measured Signal ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Cruise Control ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Mental Calculation

The aim of this study is to propose a method for analyzing measured signal obtained from functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), which is applicable for neuroimaging studies for car drivers. We developed a signal processing method by multiresolution analysis (MRA) based on discrete wavelet transform. Statistical group analysis using Z-score is conducted after the extraction of task-related signal using MRA. Brain activities of subjects with different level of mental calculation are measured by fNIRS and fMRI. Results of mental calculation with nine subjects by using fNIRS and fMRI showed that the proposed methods were effective for the evaluation of brain activities due to the task. Finally, the proposed method is applied for evaluating brain function of car driver with and without adaptive cruise control (ACC) system for demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results showed that frontal lobe was less active when the subject drove with ACC.

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