scholarly journals The neurobiology of taboo language processing: fMRI evidence during spoken word production

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-279
Author(s):  
Samuel J Hansen ◽  
Katie L McMahon ◽  
Greig I de Zubicaray
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Spoken Word Production

Interference From Phonological Primes in Spoken Word Production

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Eberhard ◽  
Kathryn Bock ◽  
Zenzi Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Spoken Word ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Spoken Word Production

scholarly journals Intentional and Reactive Inhibition During Spoken-Word Stroop Task Performance in People With Aphasia

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Hunting Pompon ◽  
Malcolm R. McNeil ◽  
Kristie A. Spencer ◽  
Diane L. Kendall
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Reactive Inhibition ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Spoken Word Production ◽  
Everyday Communication

Purpose The integrity of selective attention in people with aphasia (PWA) is currently unknown. Selective attention is essential for everyday communication, and inhibition is an important part of selective attention. This study explored components of inhibition—both intentional and reactive inhibition—during spoken-word production in PWA and in controls who were neurologically healthy (HC). Intentional inhibition is the ability to suppress a response to interference, and reactive inhibition is the delayed reactivation of a previously suppressed item. Method Nineteen PWA and 20 age- and education-matched HC participated in a Stroop spoken-word production task. This task allowed the examination of intentional and reactive inhibition by evoking and comparing interference, facilitation, and negative priming effects in different contexts. Results Although both groups demonstrated intentional inhibition, PWA demonstrated significantly more interference effects. PWA demonstrated no significant facilitation effects. HC demonstrated significant reverse facilitation effects. Neither group showed significant evidence of reactive inhibition, though both groups showed similar individual variability. Conclusions These results underscore the challenge interference presents for PWA during spoken-word production, indicating diminished intentional inhibition. Although reactive inhibition was not different between PWA and HC, PWA showed difficulty integrating and adapting to contextual information during language tasks.

Comprehension exposures to words in sentence contexts impact spoken word production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy S. Francis ◽  
Bianca V. Gurrola ◽  
Michelle Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Spoken Word ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Spoken Word Production

scholarly journals Phonological activation of category coordinates in spoken word production: Evidence for cascaded processing in English but not in Mandarin

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 835-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
QINGFANG ZHANG ◽  
XUEBING ZHU ◽  
MARKUS F. DAMIAN
Keyword(s):  
Spoken Word ◽  
Word Production ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Spoken Word Production ◽  
Mandarin Speakers ◽  
Target Languages ◽  
Mediated Priming ◽  
Phonological Activation ◽  
Recent Claim

ABSTRACTA central issue in spoken word production concerns how activation is transmitted from semantic to phonological levels. Recent evidence from studies of speakers of Western languages supports a cascaded view, according to which under certain circumstances, lexical candidates other than the target can activate their corresponding phonological properties. In the current study, we investigated possible differences between English and Mandarin speakers concerning the degree of cascadedness in the production system, based on the broader recent claim that properties of word form encoding might differ according to languages. With English speakers (Experiment 1), we found that when activation of targets and semantic competitors was boosted via a manipulation of semantic context, then concurrently presented “mediated” distractor words (which were phonologically related to a semantic competitor) generated interference. However, no such mediated priming was found in a parallel experiment with Chinese materials and Mandarin speakers (Experiment 2). These results suggest potential fundamental differences across the target languages in how activation is transmitted during lexical access.

scholarly journals Phonological Neighborhood Effects in Spoken Word Production: An fMRI Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasun Peramunage ◽  
Sheila E. Blumstein ◽  
Emily B. Myers ◽  
Matthew Goldrick ◽  
Melissa Baese-Berk
Keyword(s):  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Minimal Pair ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Spoken Word Production

The current study examined the neural systems underlying lexically conditioned phonetic variation in spoken word production. Participants were asked to read aloud singly presented words, which either had a voiced minimal pair (MP) neighbor (e.g., cape) or lacked a minimal pair (NMP) neighbor (e.g., cake). The voiced neighbor never appeared in the stimulus set. Behavioral results showed longer voice-onset time for MP target words, replicating earlier behavioral results [Baese-Berk, M., & Goldrick, M. Mechanisms of interaction in speech production. Language and Cognitive Processes, 24, 527–554, 2009]. fMRI results revealed reduced activation for MP words compared to NMP words in a network including left posterior superior temporal gyrus, the supramarginal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and precentral gyrus. These findings support cascade models of spoken word production and show that neural activation at the lexical level modulates activation in those brain regions involved in lexical selection, phonological planning, and, ultimately, motor plans for production. The facilitatory effects for words with MP neighbors suggest that competition effects reflect the overlap inherent in the phonological representation of the target word and its MP neighbor.

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