Lie Detection and Blindness: Research in Pandemic Times

The aim of this article is to explore the differences in lie detection between sighted and visually impaired people. In the study, three groups of blind and sighted individuals were tested on their lie-detecting abilities during natural everyday communication. Due to the current pandemic situation, the study was conducted in accordance with the sanitary regime, using appropriate methods and tools. The results revealed no statistically significant differences between blind and sighted individuals in the accuracy of lie and truth detection. The groups did not differ in how confident they were in making veracity judgements either. The study shows that visual impairment does not have an impact on lie-detection abilities and that blind people are as good at detecting lies as sighted individuals.

IMPLEMENTATION OF CLIL AT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY FOCUSING ON CLIL TEACHER PROFILE

The submitted paper deals with the issue of CLIL implementation at the Technical University in Zvolen, Slovakia, specifically with the CLIL teacher profile and the preparedness of the university teachers to apply CLIL into their teaching practice. The topic was selected due to the ever-increasing importance of English in everyday communication and for professional, academic, and scientific purposes. The nature of the research is qualitative; therefore, the SWOT analysis was used for analyzing the current state of teacher preparedness for CLIL implementation. The study was conducted using a sample of 15 university teachers teaching disciplinary subjects via a structured interview. The interviews were subsequently analyzed, considering three aspects of CLIL teacher profile: professional background and expertise, methodological preparedness, and language preparedness. Individual strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of implementing CLIL were established in the analysis. The results indicated a general lack of language and methodological preparedness of teachers. On the other hand, all interviewed teachers were eager to improve in the specific areas to teach using the CLIL methodology since they all acknowledged the importance of language knowledge. Nevertheless, students' insufficient level of language preparedness could be a threat to implementing the CLIL methodology, which could eventually discourage them from attending lectures and seminars where CLIL elements are applied.

CRIMINAL SUBCULTURE AS A CONDITION OF CRIMINAL INCULTURATION OF PENAL OFFICERS OF RUSSIA AND ISSUES OF COUNTERING IT

В данной статье авторы раскрывают проблему противодействия профессиональной деформации сотрудников правоохранительных органов путем их приобщения к тюремной субкультуре, идеологии «АУЕ» (криминальная инкультурация) начиная от зарождения девиантных мыслей до совершения преступлений, а также рассматривают некоторые вопросы детерминации и профилактики данного явления. Авторы отмечают, что приобщение сотрудников правоохранительной системы России к идеям криминального мира является следствием одного из направлений тщательно продуманной деятельности криминальных авторитетов, находящихся как в местах лишения свободы, так и на свободе, в отношении действующих сотрудников силовых структур. В статье рассматривается возможность привлечения сотрудников к ответственности по ч. 3 ст. 282. 2 УК РФ (Участие в деятельности экстремистской организации с использованием лицом своего служебного положения). Авторами подчеркивается важность уголовно-правового предупреждения в рассматриваемом вопросе. В заключение авторы отмечают необходимость четкого разграничения таких неприемлемых идейных взгляды сотрудников ведомственных структур, как принятие, тяготение, приобщение, поддержание, потворствование, распространение и привнесение в служебно-деловое и бытовое общение норм тюремной субкультуры, с общечеловеческими понятиями: сочувствием, пониманием, сопереживанием, чуткостью, взаимоуважением, взаимопомощью, которые также могут проявляться в работе и с лицами, совершившими преступления. In this article, the author reveals the problem of professional deformation of law enforcement officers by introducing them to the prison subculture, the ideology of «AUE» (criminal inculturation), starting from the inception of deviant thoughts to the commission of crimes by them, and also considers some issues of the determination and prevention of this phenomenon. The authors note that the introduction of the Russian law enforcement system to the ideas of the criminal world is a consequence of one of the directions of carefully thought-out activities of criminal authorities, both in places of imprisonment and at large, in relation to the current employees of law enforcement agencies. The article considers the possibility of bringing employees to responsibility under Part 3 of Article 282.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (Participation in the activities of an extremist organization using a person's official position). The authors emphasize the importance of criminal law prevention in the issue under consideration. In conclusion, the authors note the need for a clear distinction between such unacceptable ideological views of employees of departmental structures as acceptance, attraction, communion, maintenance, indulgence, dissemination and introduction into official, business and everyday communication of the norms of the prison subculture, with universal concepts: sympathy, understanding, empathy, sensitivity, mutual respect, mutual assistance, which can also manifest themselves in working with persons who have committed crimes.

Рідна мова vs мова повсякденного спілкування в оцінках українців

Native Language vs the Language of Everyday Communication in Ukrainians’ OpinionsThe Russian language is used every day by a lot of Ukrainians who consider their native language to be Ukrainian and who attribute themselves to the largest ethnic community. Based on a mass survey respondents from different regions of Ukraine, as well as focus group discussions with Ukrainian and Russian-speaking residents of Kyiv, Lviv, Odesa and Kharkiv, how linguistic and ethnic self-identifications of Ukrainians correlate with the actual choice of language for everyday and situational communication is analyzed. Ukrainians’ interpretations of the concept of “native language” and their explanations regarding what language they use and why in different situations and with different speakers is described. Język ojczysty a język komunikacji codziennej w opiniach UkraińcówJęzyk rosyjski jest używany na co dzień przez wielu Ukraińców, którzy uważają język ukraiński za swój język ojczysty i zgłaszają swój akces do najliczniejszej w kraju społeczności etnicznej. Analizę wyboru języka w komunikacji codziennej i sytuacyjnie nacechowanej wykonano zarówno na podstawie wyników uzyskanych z szeroko przeprowadzonych badań ankietowych w różnych regionach Ukrainy, jak również przy wykorzystaniu materiałów zgromadzonych w trakcie dyskusji prowadzonych z celowo dobranymi grupami ukraińsko- i rosyjskojęzycznych mieszkańców Kijowa, Lwowa, Odessy i Charkowa, w których rozmówcom zadawano pytanie, w jaki sposób językowa i etniczna samoidentyfikacja Ukraińców koreluje z faktycznym wyborem języka. W artykule przedstawiono sposoby interpretacji przez Ukraińców pojęcia „język ojczysty” oraz zasady, jakimi się kierują w doborze języka w zależności od sytuacji komunikacyjnej i typu rozmówcy.

Implementing a Program on Poly- / Multiculturalism for Future Teachers of Foreign Languages: Practice-Oriented Approach

The article considers the key aspects for implementation of a university program on poly- / multiculturalism for future teachers of foreign languages (FL), teachers / instructor of languages for specific purposes (LSP), lecturers and teachers of translation, aiming at the practical value. The two concepts ‘polycultural education’ and ‘multicultural education’ are differentiated; it is substantiated that more research is required and the clarifications are to be introduced among academics locally and globally as the mentioned concepts and relevant labels in terminology are misused / confused in the research works laid out in Ukrainian and Russian. Next, the course “Poly- / multiculturalism for future teachers of foreign languages” aims at mastering pedagogical innovations in the field of poly- / multicultural education, development of students' ethno-cultural competence and pedagogical creativity, respectively. The purpose of the optional / specially designed is to form students' ideas about cultural pluralism as an objective social reality and nurture such ideas in support for everyday communication inside and outside the classroom. It is found relevant to single out the following course objectives: 1) to develop poly- / multicultural and ethno-pedagogical competences of students who are training to become FL teachers / instructors, LSP teachers / instructors, translation lecturers, philologists, translators, etc.; 2) to form the students’ ability in future to conduct professional activities in a poly- / multicultural environment, taking into account the peculiarities of the socio-cultural situation of development; 3) to keep developing the students’ ability to use in professional activities the basic development laws of the modern social and cultural environment. It is specified that the course designs the cornerstones by highlighting the relevance in the modern global and educational environment; aim and objectives; the contents; the structure; and the methodology of the course. It is concluded that the research findings contribute to good practices of designing and developing university curricula from a practice-oriented perspective and help bring quality change to the modern educational space.

INTER- AND GENERATIONAL DISCOURSE AS THE CORNERSTONE OF THE EVERYDAY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FICTION

Inter- and generational interaction takes place in everyday communication and serves as the basis of any society as it forms, regulates and maintains the existence of society by collecting, preserving and transferring knowledge and experience from generation to generation. The interaction of generations is practice based; it rationalizes the actions of individuals in society relying on common sense for the purpose of preserving the descendants and turning individual experience into objective knowledge for the following generations. This is done in everyday mundane interaction of generations. It is fiction that has accumulated this experience; it demonstrates not only the abundance of inter- and generational interaction but also its daily presence and vital character. The most vivid description of such generational or intergenerational interaction is seen in fictional works dealing with the relationships in the family, growing up of children and grandchildren and in novels of morals.

Long-term Prescription? Digital Surveillance is Here to Stay

An emerging literature has shown concerns about the impact of the pandemic on the proliferation of digital surveillance. Contributing to these debates, in this paper we demonstrate how the pandemic facilitates digital surveillance in three ways: (1) By shifting everyday communication to digital means it contributes to the generation of extensive amounts of data susceptible to surveillance. (2) It motivates the development of new digital surveillance tools. (3) The pandemic serves as a perfect justification for governments to prolong digital surveillance. We provide empirical anecdotes for these three effects by examining reports by the Global Digital Policy Incubator at Stanford University. Building on our argument, we conclude that we might be on the verge of a dangerous normalization of digital surveillance. Thus, we call on scholars to consider the full effects of public health crises on politics and suggest scrutinizing sources of digital data and the complex relationships between the state, corporate actors, and the sub-contractors behind digital surveillance.

Undercommunicated Stories in Boundary Building Processes

This text focuses on the narrations of Romani in the Czech Republic with regard to conversational topics which are usually not communicated in either conversations across group borders or in the media. The topics covered in these conversations range from everyday life issues and stories about success in employment to stories about experiences during powerful moments in the state’s history that resonate for all its inhabitants. The narratives analysed in this text include the experience of the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 and the adventures of a group of boys who tried to illegally cross the state border during socialism. The interviews were filmed with a camera. From a methodological perspective, an interesting feature throughout the project was that during the conversations the narrators did not stress their Romani identity. The dominant tone was rather that of plain interpersonal communication. Thus, these narratives can be characterised as acts of everyday communication – a mode of interaction which is not common in the communication of Roma with non-Roma – which emphasize the shared overall context in which all inhabitants of the Czech Republic find themselves.

Political Dynamics of Urban Hodonyms: A Case of Chisinau, Moldova

This paper researches the role that hodonyms (street names) play in forming cultural and collective identity and awareness. Street names are thereby treated as the elements that get transformed from everyday communication and interaction to symbols constructed by political elites to direct the collective history perception and memory. The paper explores the principles of forming a new onomastic space of the capital city of the Republic of Moldova, Chisinau. Current work identifies some peculiarities of street renaming, grouping them into several categories. The main principles of renaming policies are also revealed. The analyses of renaming practices help understand the national identities that Moldovans are going to build, and the ideology that local and national authorities will impose.