Is the alignment between public research organisations' R&D competence and policies really critical for technology transfer?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosung Son ◽  
Yanghon Chung ◽  
Sangpil Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Research Organisations ◽  
Technology Commercialisation ◽  
Oriented Research

Abstract This study examines the effects of commercially-oriented research and development (R&D) competence and technology commercialisation (TC) policies in public research organisations (PROs) on R&D efficiency of companies when they receive technology transfer from PROs. This study especially uses three-stage data envelopment analysis in order to control the companies’ absorptive capacity and innovation hurdles that affect the efficiency. The results show that companies that receive technology transfer from PROs that have good alignment between commercially-oriented R&D competence and TC policies have higher R&D efficiency than companies that do not. On the other hand, the misalignment between PROs’ commercially-oriented R&D competence and TC policies can have negative effects on R&D efficiency of companies that receive technology transfer. Consequently, this study discloses that the alignment between technology transferor's commercially-oriented R&D competence and TC policies is critical for improving the R&D efficiency of companies when the companies acquire technologies from external organisations.

scholarly journals PENGUKURAN EFISIENSI AGROINDUSTRI PANGAN LOKAL ENBAL DENGAN PENDEKATAN DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Natelda R Timisela ◽  
Ester D Leatemia ◽  
Febby J Polnaya ◽  
Rachel Breemer
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Efficiency Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Business Efficiency ◽  
Production Increase

The current research aimed to analyze the relative efficiency level of enbal (sago starch) agro-industries. The relative efficiency analysis on 32 DMUs of enbal agro-industries showed that 40,63% of the industries were efficient and 59.38% were inefficient. Every efficient DMU became the reference for the inefficient DMUs based on the suggested quality. Each DMU of the enbal agro-industries has not reached a good efficiency level, which was indicated by the average relative efficiency scale of 0.886. This was a relatively low value, and improvements on the use of production input were needed. The analysis result on the DMUs of the enbal agro-industries which were on constant return to scale position were 40,62%. This showed that enbal agro-industries actors have applied production input efficiently, for the production increase was equal to the use of input. In other words, the use of input was more proportional. The DMUs of enbal agro-industries which were on decreasing return to scale position were 15,63%. This showed that the use of production input had been unsuitable so that the output decreases and the production cost increased. Meanwhile, the DMUs that were on increasing return to scale position were 43,75%. This showed that the industry actors who used certain production input would create efficient DMUs. On the other hand, the input excess would possibly decrease the output. As a result, the industry actors should be concerned about the use of production input in order to establish business efficiency.

Measuring technical, allocative and economic efficiencies of dairy farms in western Turkey

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Terin ◽  
Murat Kulekci ◽  
Ibrahim Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Cattle Farms

A study was conducted to determine the input efficiencies of 43 dairy cattle farms under the aegis of Agricultural Development Cooperative in Erikler Village of Center Town of Kirklareli Province in Western Turkey. Data envelopment analysis was used. The technical, allocative and economical efficiencies were found to be as 0.66, 0.43 and 0.23 respectively. The analysis results showed that only 23.26% of the farms were efficient (they had constant return to scale) regarding the usage of major inputs while the remaining 76.74% had increasing return to scale, indicating that these farms could maintain the current output with decreasing current inputs. The current output (gross production value) per cow could be maintained by saving 46.56, 46.72, 42.96, and 45.20% dry weed (kg), straw (kg), concentrated feed (kg), and labour (hour), respectively along with 39.82% veterinary and 46.73% the other expenses.

Interval Data Envelopment Analysis for Inter-Group Data Usage

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Tomoe Entani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Efficient Frontier ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Weight Vector ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Data Usage ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Multiple Groups

Organizations are interested in exploiting the data from the other organizations for better analyses. Therefore, the data related policies of organizations should be sensitive to the data privacy issue, which has been widely discussed recently. The present study is focused on inter-group data usage for a relative evaluation. This research is based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA), which is used to measure the efficiency of a decision making unit (DMU) relatively employed within a group. In DEA, establishing an efficient frontier consisting of efficient DMUs is essential. We can obtain the efficiency values of a DMU by projecting it to the efficient frontier, and including in the efficiency interval via the interval DEA. When the original data of multiple groups are not open to each other, the alternative is to exchange the information corresponding to the efficient frontiers to estimate the efficiency intervals of a DMU in such a manner that the alternative is in the other groups. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method to replace the efficient frontier with a weight vector set, from which it is not possible to reconstruct the original data. Considering the weight vector sets of multiple groups, a DMU has three types of efficiency intervals: in its own group, in each of the other groups, and in the integrated group. They provide rich insights on the DMU from a broad perspective, and this encourages inter-group data usage. In this process, we focus on two types of information reduction: one is from the efficient frontier to the weight vector set, and the other is from a union of the groups to the integrated group.

scholarly journals THE EFFICIENCY OF BANKING SECTOR: THE EVIDENCE FROM AZERBAIJAN

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Ulvi Yagubov Makhdut
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Other Hand

In this study, the Azerbaijani banking sector was researched for the post-COVID19 period. On the other hand, data envelopment analysis method and models were also learned. In this paper, we analyzed the top 10 banks of Azerbaijan in terms of assets for 2021 and as a result of the study, 4 banks are efficient and 6 banks are not. The analysis was carried out using the Data Envelopment Analysis method for the 3rd half of 2021 based on the data of the five largest banks for total assets in the Azerbaijan. In this analysis, we used the CCR (Charnes Cooper Rhodes) model of the Data Envelopment Analysis method with the DEA Solver application. As a result of the analysis, 4 banks were efficiency 6 banks were found to be inefficiency and target points were identified for inefficiency banks.

scholarly journals Promoting Australian industry: CSIRO 1949–79

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett Upstill
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Research Organisations ◽  
Rural Industries ◽  
Political Scene ◽  
Australian Industry

This paper addresses the manner in which the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) transferred its technology to Australian industry during the period 1949 to 1979. The analysis is framed within the changing economic and political scene in Australia and the changing expectations for public research organisations such as CSIRO. During the 1950s and 1960s CSIRO gave little direct attention to the processes of technology transfer but instead, following the prevailing wisdom, focused on high quality science and relied on existing extension services and patenting to capture the benefits from its research. This ‘science-push’ approach proved successful for Australia’s rural industries but, with a few exceptions, less so for the country’s secondary industries. By the early 1970s CSIRO faced pressures for change, induced by a tougher economic climate and changing views on the role of public research institutions. A shift toward greater customer relevance in its research would also need to be matched by new thinking about technology transfer.

scholarly journals Efficiency evaluation of BRICS’s national innovation systems based on bias-corrected network data envelopment analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alnafrah
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
System Failure ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Network Data Envelopment Analysis

AbstractThe very limited studies that tried to measure the efficiency of national innovation systems (NISs) in BRICS economies were limited to the assumption that the innovation process at national level consists of one stage only and got different and conflicting results. Therefore, this study endeavours to measure the efficiency of sub-processes within the BRICS’s NISs and identify where the system failure lies in each NIS. Bias-corrected network data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to measure the efficiency of total NIS and the efficiency of the other sub-processes within the system: (1) knowledge production process (KPP), and (2) knowledge commercialization process (KCP). The results showed that NISs in BRICS economies suffer from low performance in commercializing their outputs of universities and research organizations. While, on the other hand, their performance in creating scientific and technical knowledge is good in comparison to other studied countries. We suggest that the reason behind this imbalance is the network system failure associated with weak institutions and high uncertainty in the economy. In this study, we argue that the problem in BRICS NISs is not a problem of resources, but it is a problem of system management and institutions. Some bridging policies are suggested to be adopted by BRICS economies to improve their innovation performance and overcome the system failure of weak links between universities and industry.

Collaborative Design Using Trade-Off Satisfying Method in Supervisor System

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Miyashita ◽  
Hiroshi Yamakawa
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Collaborative Design ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Recent years, financial difficulties led engineers to look for not only the efficiency of the function of a product but also the cost of its development. In order to reduce the time for the development, engineers in each discipline have to develop and improve their objectives collaboratively. Sometimes, they have to cooperate with those who have no knowledge at all for their own disciplines. Collaborative designs have been studied to solve these kinds of the problems, but most of them need some sorts of negotiation among disciplines and assumes that these negotiations will be done successfully. However, in the most cases of real designs, manager of each discipline does not want to give up his or her own objectives to stress on the other objectives. In order to carry out these negotiations smoothly, we need some sort of evaluation criteria which will show efficiency of the product considering the designs by each division and if possible, considering the products of the competitive company, too. In this study, we use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to calculate the efficiency of the design and showed every decision maker the directions of the development of the design. We will call here these kinds of systems as supervisor systems and implemented these systems in computer networks that every decision maker can use conveniently. Through simple numerical examples, we showed the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Efficiency of Indigenous and Intercultural Higher Education and Research Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
José G. Vargas-Hernández ◽  
Ernesto Guerra-García
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Government Financing ◽  
Using Data

A study was carried out using data envelopment analysis, in which variables (inputs and outputs) of a group of 13 public HEIs from the northwest of the country were compared with data from the 2018-2019 cycle to characterize the UAIM. It was found that 1) when considering government financing and generated own resources, UAIM has an efficiency of 39%; 2) when considering ordinary financing and tuition, the institution is 100% efficient; 3) in relation to the total number of teachers and enrollment has an efficiency of 39%, it has the capacity to serve up to 14,325 students; 4) it has an efficiency of 26% in relation to the total and accredited educational programs; and 5) the total efficiency is 51% and represents an intermediate level with respect to the other HEIs, which on average is 56%.

scholarly journals Data Envelopment Analysis with Uncertain Inputs and Outputs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilin Wen ◽  
Linhan Guo ◽  
Rui Kang ◽  
Yi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Decision Tool ◽  
Uncertain Measure ◽  
Dea Model ◽  
Dea Models ◽  
The One ◽  
Inputs And Outputs

Data envelopment analysis (DEA), as a useful management and decision tool, has been widely used since it was first invented by Charnes et al. in 1978. On the one hand, the DEA models need accurate inputs and outputs data. On the other hand, in many situations, inputs and outputs are volatile and complex so that they are difficult to measure in an accurate way. The conflict leads to the researches of uncertain DEA models. This paper will consider DEA in uncertain environment, thus producing a new model based on uncertain measure. Due to the complexity of the new uncertain DEA model, an equivalent deterministic model is presented. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the uncertain DEA model.

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