Sawtimber Volume Predictions for Uneven-Aged Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Stands on Average Sites

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Murphy ◽  
Robert M. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Equations are given to estimate current and projected sawtimber volumes and projected basal area of the sawtimber portion of uneven-aged loblolly-shortleaf (Pinus taeda L.-Pinus echinata Mill.) pine stands managed under the selection system. The independent variables are elapsed time, initial merchantable basal area, and the initial ratio of sawtimber basal area to merchantable basal area. The results should provide guidelines for the board-foot and cubic-foot production of sawtimber-sized trees in uneven-aged stands that occur on average sites (site index 90, loblolly pine) in the Coastal Plain.

Interim Models for Basal Area and Volume Projection of Uneven-Aged Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Stands

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Murphy ◽  
Robert M. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Area And Volume

Abstract Equations are presented for estimating current volume, projected basal area, and projected volume for stands of loblolly-shortleaf (Pinus taeda L.-Pinus echinata Mill.) pine managed under the selection system. The independent variables are initial stand basal area and elapsed time. The estimates should provide a guide to the cubic-foot volume production that might be expected from stands on average sites (site indices 80-90 ft.), medium basal areas (30 to 70 sq. ft.) and time periods of 10 years or less.

scholarly journals Rehabilitation of Understocked Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Stands—II. Development of Intermediate and Suppressed Trees Following Release in Natural Stands

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Baker ◽  
Michael G. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Crown Dimensions

Abstract Development of 86 intermediate and suppressed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees, that had been recently released from overtopping pines and hardwoods, was monitored over a 15 yr period. The trees were growing in natural stands on good sites (site index = 90 ft at 50 yr) that had been recently cut to stocking levels ranging from 10 to 50%. At time of release, the trees averaged 26 yr in age, 4.8 in. in dbh, and 37 ft in height. The trees had averaged only 0.5 in. in dbh growth the 5 yr prior to release (0.1 in./yr). After 15 yr, the 77 surviving trees averaged 59 ft in height and 12.9 in. in dbh, increasing 21 ft in height and 8.1 in. in dbh. During the 15 yr period, crown dimensions of the trees increased markedly as well. On average, crown lengths increased 11 ft (from 16 to 27 ft); crown widths nearly tripled from 9 to 25 ft; and crown volumes increased 11 fold from 608 to 6,700 ft³. The majority of the trees had good form and would produce high-quality sawtimber. Satisfactory response to release was best predicted by initial dbh and live-crown ratio. Results of the study suggest that trees with at least a 20% live-crown ratio should satisfactorily respond to release even though they had developed in lower crown positions of fully stocked uneven-aged stands for 10 to 50 yr. Responding trees rapidly expanded their crowns and accelerated in height and diameter growth. South. J. Appl. For. 22(1):41-46.

Growth and Yield of Planted Loblolly and Shortleaf Pines in a North Mississippi Creek Bottom

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Williston
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
A Site

Abstract Unthinned loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) planted near Abbeville, Mississippi in a creek bottom with a site index of 122 had a yield of 6,925 cubic feet per acre at age 26. Shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) planted beside the loblolly pine had a site index of 108 and a yield of 4,120 cubic feet per acre.

scholarly journals Competition Effects on Growth and Crown Dimensions of Shortleaf and Loblolly Pine in Mature, Natural-Origin, Pine–Hardwood Mixtures of the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain of Arkansas, USA: A Neighborhood Analysis

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bataineh ◽  
Ethan Childs
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Crown Dimensions

The need for a comprehensive and mechanistic understanding of competition has never been more important as plants adapt to a changing environment and as forest management evolves to focus on maintaining and enhancing complexity. With the recent decline in shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) land area, it is critical to determine the effects of competition on shortleaf pine and its performance against loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.), the preferred planted replacement. We evaluate differences in shortleaf and loblolly pine 10 year mean basal area increment (BAI) and crown dimensions across a gradient of neighborhoods. Linear mixed-effects regression models were developed using BAI and several crown metrics as responses and crowding, competitor species abundance and identity, and initial size and species identity of focal tree as predictors. Crowding of focal trees negatively impacted BAI and crown size (p < 0.001, respectively). Although loblolly pine had three times higher BAI as compared to shortleaf pine within similar neighborhoods, BAI was variable, and the crowding effect did not differ between shortleaf and loblolly pine (p ranged from 0.51–0.99). Competitive impacts on focal trees did not differ by competitor identity (p ranged from 0.07–0.70). Distance-independent competition indices better explained the variation in BAI and horizontal crown metrics, while distance-dependent size ratios were more effective at evaluating vertical crown metrics. These findings highlight shortleaf pine competitive potential in mature, natural-origin stands and provide support for the restoration of pine–hardwood and hardwood–pine stratified mixtures as well as management of shortleaf pine at long rotations.

Eight-Year Performance of Loblolly Pine with Pisolithus Ectomycorrhizae on a Good-Quality Forest Site

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Marx ◽  
Charles E. Cordell ◽  
Alexander Clark
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Crown Closure

Abstract Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L) seedlings with different initial amounts of Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) ectomycorrhizae (Pt index 0, 27, 46, 68, or 88) were planted on a good-quality site (site index 90 ft at age 50) in southwest Georgia. After 8 years and crown closure, trees with Pt indices of 88 and 68 had significantly better survival and greater heights, diameters, volumes, and green weights per tree and per ac than nursery-run, control seedlings (Pt index 0). Volume and weight yields per ac were over 50% greater and volume and weight yields per tree were over 20% greater for trees in the Pt index 88 treatment than they were for control trees. A special statistical analysis indicated that average per ac volume was positively correlated with initial Pt index values larger than 58. Tree-ring analyses showed that trees with a Pt index of 88 had significantly greater annual basal area growth than controls during growing seasons with water deficits of 8 to 13 in. Annual growth did not differ when water deficits were greater or less than these amounts. After 8 years, Pt basidiocarps were present throughout the study site. Mycorrhizal treatment integrity may have been lost after 3 or 4 years. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):275-280

Color Aerial Photography for Assessing the Need for Fertilizers in Loblolly Pine Plantations

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Blinn ◽  
Al Lyons ◽  
Edward R. Buckner
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Color Coding ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Color aerial photography was used to assess crown color classes in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations. Three distinct Munsell color classes were delineated on the resulting photographs. Foliar N levels and, to a lesser degree, foliar K levels were directly related to color. Significant relationships between color and site index and color and basal area were shown. Application of color aerial photography, combined with Munsell color coding, could expedite land classification and also make possible more efficient use of fertilizers. South J. Appl. For. 12(4):270-273.

scholarly journals Rehabilitation of Understocked Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Stands—I. Recently Cutover Natural Stands

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Baker ◽  
Michael G. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Considerable Cost ◽  
Good Site ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Natural Stands

Abstract Two loblolly-shortleaf pine (Pinus taeda L.-P. echinata Mill.) stands were cut to stocking levels of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% to simulate recently cutover, understocked, uneven-aged stands. Number of trees ranged from 38 per acre for 10% stocking to 213 per acre for 50% stocking; comparable total basal areas were 4 and 16 ft²/ac, respectively. One stand was on a good site (site index = 90 ft at age 50), the other on a medium site (site index = 75 ft at age 50). As a rehabilitation treatment, all hardwoods 1 in. groundline diameter and larger were injected with a herbicide. At 2, 5, 10, and 15 yr after treatment, the stands were inventoried to determine: (1) rate at which the understocked stands recovered, and (2) minimum stocking levels required for successful rehabilitation. During 15 yr of rehabilitation, the understocked stands changed dramatically, and because of rapid growth of residual pines, stocking levels, basal areas, and tree volumes increasedmarkedly. Stands having at least 20% residual stocking and 5 ft²/ac of pine basal area reached an acceptable stocking level of 60% (based on number and size of trees), or 45 ft²/ac of basal area within 15 yr. Stands at this minimum stocking threshold produced 4,600 bd ft(Doyle)/ac of sawtimber volume on the good site and 3,000 bd ft/ac of sawtimber volume on the medium site during the 15 yr period. The study indicates that recently cutover, or damaged, understocked stands with at least 20% to 30% stocking or 5 to 10 ft²/ac of pine basal area can be rehabilitated to produce respectable sawtimber volumes. This management strategy provides a low-cost alternative to establishing a new stand at considerable cost to the landowner. South. J. Appl. For. 22(1):35-40.

scholarly journals Height Growth of Loblolly and Slash Pine Plantations in the Northern Post-Oak belt of Texas

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Hansen ◽  
M. Victor Bilan
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Age accounted for over 70% of the variation in tree height of 10- to 44-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and slash (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) plantations established on deep sands, moderate sands, and nonsandy soils in the Northern Post-Oak Belt of Texas. Climatic and edaphicfactors, relating either directly or indirectly to the amount of moisture available for tree use, explained up to 17% of height growth variation. Height growth of the plantations was comparable to that of plantations growing in the pine-mixed hardwood forest cover type of East Texas. The NorthernPost-Oak Belt of Texas is an area approximately 50 to 100 miles wide located between the pine-mixed hard-wood forest type to the east and the black-land prairie to the west. Soils within the belt belong primarily to the Alfisol or Ultisol soil orders. The western-most areas of the belt receiveup to 20% less annual rain fall than the pine-mixed hardwood type of East Texas (U.S. Environmental Data and Information Service 1949-1982). The present forest of this area is dominated by post oak (Quercus stellata Wang.), black-jack oak (Quercus Marilandica Muench.), bluejack oak (Quercusincana Bartr.), and black hickory (Carya texana Buckl.) (Ward 1984). Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) occur naturally only in scattered locations (Wilson and Hacker 1986). South. j. Appl. For. 13(1):5-8.

Growth of Loblolly Pine Stands After the First Five Years of Uneven-Aged Silviculture Using Single-Tree Selection

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Murphy ◽  
Michael G. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Single Tree Selection ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
North Louisiana ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract The effects of three levels of residual basal area (40, 60, and 80 ft2/ac), maximum dbh (12, 16, and 20 in.) and site index (< 81 ft, 81 to 90 ft, and >90 ft) on the growth of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands after 5 yr of uneven-aged silviculture were determined from plots located in south Arkansas and north Louisiana. Designated levels of basal area and maximum dbh were achieved by harvesting; a q factor of 1.2 (using 1 in. dbh classes) was imposed on all plots as closely as possible. Stand-level models were developed for annual per acre net volume growth (merchantable cubic feet, sawtimber cubic feet, and sawtimber board feet, Doyle rule) and annual per acre survivor growth, ingrowth, and mortality components of basal area growth. Growth for all volume measures increased with an increase in basal area. Site index did not significantly affect merchantable cubic-foot growth but had a positive effect on sawtimber growth in both cubic feet and board feet, Doyle. Increases in maximum dbh decreased merchantable and sawtimber cubic-foot growth but increased growth for board-foot volume, Doyle. South. J. Appl. For. 18(3): 128-132.

Recovery and Development of Understocked Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Stands

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Stand Growth ◽  
Good Site ◽  
Rehabilitation Period ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Plots in two uneven-aged loblolly-shortleaf pine (Pinus taeda L.-P. echinata Mill.) stands were cut back to stocking levels of approximately 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% to simulate cutover, understocked stands. One stand was on a good site (SI = 90 ft at age 50), the other on a medium site(SI = 75 ft at age 50). As a rehabilitation treatment, all hardwoods 1-in. or larger in groundline diameter were injected with Tordon 101®. Two and 5 years later, the plots were reinventoried to determine stand growth and development. During the 5-year rehabilitation period the understockedstands changed dramatically, and because of the rapid growth of the pines left in the residual stands, stocking levels, basal areas, and tree volumes increased markedly. Average increases in stocking level, basal area, pulpwood, and sawlog volume were 40, 155, 160, and 355%, respectively,for the good site and 35, 110, 125, and 220% for the medium site. Projections of the time required for understocked stands to reach an acceptable stocking level of 60% (based on number and size of trees), or 45 ft² of basal area per acre, indicate that stands having at least 15 to 25%stocking, or 5 ft² of basal area per acre, can reach an acceptable stocking level in 15 years or less at a rehabilitation cost of $45 to $50 per acre. South. J. Appl. For. 13(3):132-139.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document