scholarly journals Mild to moderate partial sleep deprivation is associated with increased impulsivity and decreased positive affect in young adults

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingvild Saksvik-Lehouillier ◽  
Simen Berg Saksvik ◽  
Johanna Dahlberg ◽  
Tiril K Tanum ◽  
Heidi Ringen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation

Abstract The effects of mild–moderate partial sleep deprivation on affective and cognitive functioning were evaluated in a naturalistic home environment, mimicking short sleep typically caused by demands from work or society. A total of 52 healthy individuals aged 18–35 was included in an 11-day study protocol. Participants slept at home, and sleep patterns were observed using actigraphs and sleep diaries. After maintaining habitual sleep for 7 days, the participants were asked to sleep 2 hours less than their average sleep duration for the last three nights of the study protocol. A not-X continuous performance test was administered at 9 am (± 90 minutes) on days 1, 4, 8 (habitual sleep), 9 and 11 (sleep deprivation). Performance-based measures included response accuracy and speed. Participant-reported measures included how well the participants felt they performed and how exhausted they were from taking the test, as well as positive and negative affect. There was a significant change in reaction time, number of commission errors, subjective performance, subjective exertion, and positive affect across the visits. Specifically, there was a linear decrease in reaction time, performance, and positive affect throughout the study, and a significant quadratic trend for commissions and exertion (first decreasing, then increasing after sleep deprivation). The univariate tests for omissions and negative affect were not significant. We conclude that sleeping 1.5–2 hours less than usual leads to faster response speed, but more commission errors and decreased positive affect. This indicates that individuals become more impulsive and experience less positive affect after a period of short sleep.

scholarly journals Cognition and Alertness in Medical Students: Effects of a Single Night of Partial Sleep Deprivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Priyadarshini Mishra ◽  
Madhuri Panigrahi ◽  
D. Ankit
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Single Night ◽  
Psychomotor Vigilance

Background: Partial sleep deprivation is common among young adults today. Though multiple studies have stressed on the benefits of having a good sleep, medical students often compromise their sleep due to academic targets and stress. This can lead to changes in attention and cognition. The effects of acute partial sleep deprivation of a single night have been studied less and studies in the past in Indian context have shown controversial results that reaction time is decreased following acute partial sleep deprivation. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of a single night of partial sleep deprivation on the cognitive status and alertness of medical students in the Indian context and to find out the change in auditory event-related potential (AERP) and psychomotor vigilance of medical students following a single night of partial sleep deprivation. Methods: The study was a before–after experimental trial conducted among 20 medical student volunteers of a tertiary care hospital of eastern India. Baseline psychomotor vigilance task measured by unprepared serial reaction time, and AERP measured by P300, were assessed at baseline (after normal sleep) and after four hours of sleep deprivation (intervention). Results: It was seen that median RT had increased from 320.4 ms to 337.6 ms after acute partial sleep deprivation ( P < .001). P300 and lapses ( P < .05) were also found to increase significantly ( P < .05), while there was significant decrease in correctness ( P < .01). Conclusion: The study concluded that cognition is affected, including alertness and latency, following partial sleep deprivation even for a single night and contradicted earlier results of Indian studies stating variable effect on psychomotor vigilance.

Improved Physical Performance and Decreased Muscular and Oxidative Damage With Postlunch Napping After Partial Sleep Deprivation in Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 874-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Romdhani ◽  
Nizar Souissi ◽  
Yassine Chaabouni ◽  
Kacem Mahdouani ◽  
Tarak Driss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Epworth Sleepiness Scale ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Test Reaction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation

Purpose: To investigate the effects of napping after partial sleep deprivation (PSD) on reaction time, mood, and biochemical response to repeated-sprint exercise in athletes. Methods: Nine male judokas performed 4 test sessions in a counterbalanced and randomized order. Participants accomplished 1 control session after a normal sleep night (NSN) and 3 after PSD with (1) no nap, (2) ∼20-min nap (N20), and (3) ∼90-min nap (N90) opportunities. Test sessions included the running-based anaerobic sprint test, reaction time, Hooper index, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Muscle-damage biomarkers and antioxidant status were evaluated before and after exercise. Results: PSD decreased maximum (P < .001, d = 1.12), mean (P < .001, d = 1.33), and minimum (P < .001, d = 1.15) powers compared with NSN. However, N20 and N90 enhanced maximum power compared with PSD (P < .05, d = 0.54; P < .001, d = 1.06, respectively). Minimum power and mean power increased only after N90 (P < .001, d = 1.63; P < .001, d = 1.16, respectively). Epworth Sleepiness Scale increased after PSD (P < .001, d = 0.86) and decreased after N20 (P < .001, d = 1.36) and N90 (P < .001, d = 2.07). N20 reduced multiple-choice reaction time (P < .001, d = 0.61). Despite performance decrement, PSD increased postexercise aspartate aminotransferase (P < .001, d = 4.16) and decreased glutathione peroxidase (P < .001, d = 4.02) compared with NSN. However, the highest performances after N90 were accompanied with lesser aspartate aminotransferase (P < .001, d = 1.74) and higher glutathione peroxidase (P < .001, d = 0.86) compared with PSD. Conclusions: Napping could be preventive against performance degradation caused by sleep loss. A short nap opportunity could be more beneficial when the subsequent effort is brief and requires frequent decision making. However, a longer nap opportunity could be preventive against muscle and oxidative damage, even for higher performances.

The effect of partial sleep deprivation on the reaction time and the attentional capacities of the handball goalkeeper

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Jarraya ◽  
Sana Jarraya ◽  
Hamdi Chtourou ◽  
Nizar Souissi ◽  
Karim Chamari
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation

scholarly journals The Effect of Experimental Recuperative and Appetitive Post-lunch Nap Opportunities, With or Without Caffeine, on Mood and Reaction Time in Highly Trained Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Romdhani ◽  
Nizar Souissi ◽  
Ismael Dergaa ◽  
Imen Moussa-Chamari ◽  
Olfa Abene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Subjective Sleepiness ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Normal Sleep

Purpose: To investigate the effects of placebo (PLA), 20 min nap opportunity (N20), 5mg·kg−1 of caffeine (CAF), and their combination (CAF+N20) on sleepiness, mood and reaction-time after partial sleep deprivation (PSD; 04h30 of time in bed; study 1) or after normal sleep night (NSN; 08h30 of time in bed; study 2).Methods: Twenty-three highly trained athletes (study 1; 9 and study 2; 14) performed four test sessions (PLA, CAF, N20 and CAF+N20) in double-blind, counterbalanced and randomized order. Simple (SRT) and two-choice (2CRT) reaction time, subjective sleepiness (ESS) and mood state (POMS) were assessed twice, pre- and post-intervention.Results: SRT was lower (i.e., better performance) during CAF condition after PSD (pre: 336 ± 15 ms vs. post: 312 ± 9 ms; p &lt; 0.001; d = 2.07; Δ% = 7.26) and NSN (pre: 350 ± 39 ms vs. post: 323 ± 32 ms; p &lt; 0.001; d = 0.72; Δ% = 7.71) compared to pre-intervention. N20 decreased 2CRT after PSD (pre: 411 ± 13 ms vs. post: 366 ± 20 ms; p &lt; 0.001; d = 2.89; Δ% = 10.81) and NSN (pre: 418 ± 29 ms vs. post: 375 ± 40 ms; p &lt; 0.001; d = 1.23; Δ% = 10.23). Similarly, 2CRT was shorter during CAF+N20 sessions after PSD (pre: 406 ± 26 ms vs. post: 357 ± 17 ms; p &lt; 0.001; d = 2.17; Δ% = 12.02) and after NSN (pre: 386 ± 33 ms vs. post: 352 ± 30 ms; p &lt; 0.001; d = 1.09; Δ% = 8.68). After PSD, POMS score decreased after CAF (p &lt; 0.001; d = 2.38; Δ% = 66.97) and CAF+N20 (p &lt; 0.001; d = 1.68; Δ% = 46.68). However, after NSN, only N20 reduced POMS (p &lt; 0.001; d = 1.05; Δ% = 78.65) and ESS (p &lt; 0.01; d = 0.71; Δ% = 19.11).Conclusion: After PSD, all interventions reduced sleepiness and only CAF enhanced mood with or without napping. However, only N20 enhanced mood and reduced sleepiness after NSN. Caffeine ingestion enhanced SRT performance regardless of sleep deprivation. N20, with or without caffeine ingestion, enhanced 2CRT independently of sleep deprivation. This suggests a different mode of action of napping and caffeine on sleepiness, mood and reaction time.

The Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Continuous Performance Task Among Young Men With ADHD

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705471989781
Author(s):  
Orrie Dan ◽  
Ami Cohen ◽  
Kfir Asraf ◽  
Ivgeny Saveliev ◽  
Iris Haimov
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Continuous Performance Task ◽  
Reaction Time Variability ◽  
Performance Task ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To identify the impact of sleep deprivation on functioning of young adults with or without ADHD on a continuous performance attention task. Method: Thirty-four men ( M age = 25.38) with ( n = 16) or without ( n = 18) ADHD completed a continuous performance task before and after 25 hr of sustained wakefulness in a controlled environment. Results: In both groups, sleep deprivation caused a decline in performance on all variables: omission errors, commission errors, reaction time, and reaction time variability. In addition, the ADHD group made more omission and commission errors, and had greater reaction time variability. Conclusion: Sleep deprivation has a detrimental effect on attention functioning among young adults. In addition, although young adults with ADHD generally perform worse on continuous performance tasks than young adults without ADHD, the groups are similarly affected by sleep deprivation.

Effects of partial sleep deprivation on reaction time in anesthesiologists

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haleh Saadat ◽  
Bruno Bissonnette ◽  
Dmitry Tumin ◽  
Vidya Raman ◽  
Julie Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation

Neuroticism and Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff in Self-Paced Speeded Mental Addition and Comparison

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagen C. Flehmig ◽  
Michael B. Steinborn ◽  
Karl Westhoff ◽  
Robert Langner
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Reaction Time Variability ◽  
Comparison Task ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Mental Addition ◽  
Speed Accuracy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Accuracy Tradeoff

Previous research suggests a relationship between neuroticism (N) and the speed-accuracy tradeoff in speeded performance: High-N individuals were observed performing less efficiently than low-N individuals and compensatorily overemphasizing response speed at the expense of accuracy. This study examined N-related performance differences in the serial mental addition and comparison task (SMACT) in 99 individuals, comparing several performance measures (i.e., response speed, accuracy, and variability), retest reliability, and practice effects. N was negatively correlated with mean reaction time but positively correlated with error percentage, indicating that high-N individuals tended to be faster but less accurate in their performance than low-N individuals. The strengthening of the relationship after practice demonstrated the reliability of the findings. There was, however, no relationship between N and distractibility (assessed via measures of reaction time variability). Our main findings are in line with the processing efficiency theory, extending the relationship between N and working style to sustained self-paced speeded mental addition.

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