037 Subjective sleep and objective cognition in middle-aged and older adults: Does sex matter?

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A16-A16
Author(s):  
Ashley Curtis ◽  
Anthony Schmiedeler ◽  
Sadhika Jagannathan ◽  
Maggie Connell ◽  
Angela Atkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Attentional Orienting ◽  
Middle Aged

Abstract Introduction Worse sleep has been linked to cognitive dysfunction in aging populations. There are known sex differences in the prevalence and presentation of both sleep disturbance and cognitive impairment, but research investigating sex differences in the associations between sleep and objective cognition is limited and inconclusive. We examined sex as a moderator of associations between self-reported sleep and objective cognitive performance in middle-aged/older adults. Methods Sixty-four adults aged 50+ (Mage= 63.8, SD=7.7; 33 men/31 women) who were cognitively healthy (no mild cognitive impairment, dementia or neurological disorders) completed an online survey (via Qualtrics) measuring self-reported sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI). Participants completed online cognitive tasks (via Inquisit) measuring inhibition (Stroop task; interference reaction time scores), attentional orienting (Posner Endogenous Cueing Task; reaction time difference between invalidly cued and validly cued trials), and working memory (Sternberg task; proportion correct). Multiple regressions examined whether PSQI subscores (sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep efficiency) were independently associated with or interacted with sex in their associations with cognition, controlling for age and education. Results Sex interacted with sleep quality in the association with endogenous attentional orienting (p=.01, R-squared=.10). Specifically, worse sleep quality was associated with worse attentional orienting in women (B=22.73, SE=9.53, p=.02) but not men (p=.24). Sex interacted with PSQI-sleep duration (p=.03, R-squared=.08) and PSQI-sleep efficiency (p=.03, R-squared=.08) in the association with inhibition performance. Specifically, worse sleep duration (B=235.28, SE=77.51, p=.004) and sleep efficiency (B=211.73, SE=68.70, p=.003) were associated with worse interference scores in men but not women (ps>.05). No variables were associated with working memory. Conclusion In middle-aged and older adults, sex moderates associations between self-reported sleep and objective cognition, depending on the sleep parameter and cognitive ability assessed. Findings suggest that women are more vulnerable to the effects of poor sleep quality on spatial attention, whereas men are more vulnerable to the effects of shorter sleep duration and worse overall sleep fragmentation on ability to inhibit task-irrelevant stimuli. Future studies should investigate sex-specific associations between sleep and cognition over time in order to better understand the prospective trajectories of these processes during aging. Support (if any):

scholarly journals 672 COVID-19 Anxiety and Sleep in Middle-aged and Older Adults: Impact of Age and Sex

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A262-A263
Author(s):  
Sadhika Jagannathan ◽  
Mikayla Rodgers ◽  
Christina S McCrae ◽  
Mary Beth Miller ◽  
Ashley Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Introduction COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory illness that was declared a pandemic in March 2020. During the course of COVID-19, studies have demonstrated worsening sleep quality and anxiety. No studies have examined age-related and sex-specific associations between COVID-19 anxiety and sleep in aging populations. We examined associations between COVID-19 anxiety and sleep, and evaluated age and sex as moderators, in middle-aged/older adults. Methods Two hundred and seventy-seven middle-aged/older adults aged 50+ (Mage=64.68, SD=7.83; 44% women) living in the United States who were cognitively healthy (no cognitive impairment/dementia/neurological disorders) completed an online Qualtrics survey in July/August 2020 measuring sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI) and COVID-19 anxiety (Coronavirus Anxiety Scale; CAS). Multiple regressions examined whether CAS was independently associated with or interacted with age or sex in its associations with PSQI total score/subscores (sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, daytime dysfunction), controlling for age, education, number of medical conditions, sleep/pain medication use, and COVID-19 status. Results CAS interacted with age (B=-.008, SE=.003 p=.02, R-squared=.02), not sex (p=.31), in its association with sleep duration. Higher CAS was associated with shorter sleep duration in oldest-older adults (~73 years old; B=.12, SE=.05, p=.01) and younger-older adults (~65 years old; B=.07, SE=.03, p=.02), not middle-aged adults (~57 years old, p=.47). CAS interacted with age (B=.01, SE=.004, p=.02), not sex (p=.56), in its association with sleep efficiency. Higher CAS was associated with worse sleep efficiency in oldest-older adults (B=.14, SE=.05, p=.009) and younger-older adults (B=.08, SE=.04, p=.03), not middle-aged adults (p=.60). Higher CAS was associated with greater daytime dysfunction (B=.26, SE=.07, p<.001) and higher PSQI total score (B=.82, SE=.33, p=.01), and did not interact with age or sex (ps>.05). Conclusion Increased COVID-19 anxiety is associated with several aspects of worse sleep (shorter sleep duration, sleep efficiency) in older adults but not middle-aged adults. Generally, in middle-aged/older adults, higher COVID-19 anxiety is associated with worse daytime dysfunction and overall sleep quality. Sex does not moderate these associations. Increased COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in aging populations may translate to increased anxiety and subsequent sleep disruptions. Interventions aimed at mitigating negative pandemic-related psychological and sleep outcomes may be particularly relevant for older adults. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Fruit and Vegetable Intakes and Sleep in Linkage With Cognition Among Older Adults in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Bai ◽  
Yuning Xie ◽  
Danan Gu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Good Sleep

Abstract Background: Identifying factors associated with cognitive impairment among older adults is critical. This study aims to examine associations of fruit and/or vegetable intake (FVI), sleep quality and duration, and their interactions with cognitive performance among older adults in China.Methods: We utilize nationwide datasets in 2008 and 2011 in China to examine associations between sleep quality and duration, FVI, and cognitive impairment. Interactions between sleep and FVI on cognitive performance are also examined. All analyses are further stratified by gender, age group, and urban-rural residence.Results: When all covariates are fully adjusted for in the cross-sectional analyses, frequent FVI is associated with a 29% lower risk of cognitive impairment compared with less frequent FVI, and daily sleeping durations of ≤6h and ≥10h are associated with a 13% and a 51% higher risk of cognitive impairment, respectively, as compared with the duration of 8h. Sleep quality is not significantly associated with cognitive impairment compared with fair/poor sleep quality when all covariates are adjusted, though it is associated with a 31% lower risk when only demographics are controlled for. Interaction analyses reveal that frequent FVI offsets the higher risk of cognitive impairment for poor sleep quality and excessive sleep durations. Subgroup analyses show a generally similar pattern for both sexes but a more pronounced association for young older adults than for oldest-old adults. The patterns of the interactions of FVI, sleep quality, and sleep duration with cognitive impairment differ by urban-rural residence. However, associations of good sleep quality, adequate sleep duration, and frequent FVI with the incidence of cognitive impairment over a 3-year follow-up period are mostly not significant. Conclusions: The positive association of good sleep quality, appropriate sleep duration, frequent FVI, with good cognitive is mainly cumulative or long-term. Frequent FVI could offset a higher risk of cognitive impairment for poor sleep quality and/or excessive sleep durations. The associations are similar for both sexes but are stronger in oldest-old adults and differ by urban-rural residence.

165 Sex differences in the relationship between self-reported sleep quality and frailty in South Florida older adult outpatients

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A67-A67
Author(s):  
Sonya Kaur ◽  
Katalina McInerney ◽  
Mitchell Slugh ◽  
Annelly Bure ◽  
Marina Sarno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Depression Status ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Frailty, a multidimensional construct of decreased reserve is an important predictor of functional independence and quality of life in older adults. There is a growing body of evidence highlighting reduced sleep efficiency and sleep duration predicts frailty in older adults. However, the sex differences in these relationships have been understudied. Methods 253 participants (163) ranging in age from 50-92 years (mean= 67.59 years, S.D.= 9.22 years), underwent frailty assessment and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Statistical moderation was assessed using nonparametric bootstrapping. All models statistically controlled for age, education and depression status. Results Higher scores on the PSQI predicted higher levels of fatigue (β=1.87, 95% CI= 0.48-3.27) and higher grip strength with the left hand (β= 0.81, 95% CI= 0.85-1.53). These relationships were significantly moderated by sex (β=-0.77, p=0.05 & β=-0.52, p=0.01). Specifically, high scores on the PSQI predicted more fatigue stronger grip strength in men (β=1.11, 95% CI=0.41-1.81) and weaker grip strength in women (β=-0.25, 95% CI=-0.51--0.02). There was no association between scores on the ESS and any of the frailty measures. Conclusion The relationships between PSQI scores and measures of fatigue and grip strength were statistically moderated by sex. These differences are not explained by sex differences in overall sleep quality or baseline frailty. This is consistent with the literature emphasizing sex differences in the effects of risk/lifestyle factors. It is possible that the relationship between sleep quality and frailty is altered by additional hormonal factors and warrant further investigation. Support (if any) This research was supported by the Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Research Foundation

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Association Between Anti-Hypertensive Medications and Risk of COVID-19 in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Drugs & Aging ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Ma ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
Hongxi Yang ◽  
Huiping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Middle Aged

The effect of sleep duration and sleep quality on hypertension in middle-aged and older Chinese: the Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongming Wang ◽  
Yun Zhou ◽  
Yanjun Guo ◽  
Runbo Zhang ◽  
Wenzhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Older Chinese

scholarly journals Memory-Related Frontal Brainwaves Predict Transition to Mild Cognitive Impairment in Healthy Older Individuals Five Years Before Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yang Jiang ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Frederick A. Schmitt ◽  
Gregory A. Jicha ◽  
Nancy B. Munro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Differentiation Pattern

Background: Early prognosis of high-risk older adults for amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), using noninvasive and sensitive neuromarkers, is key for early prevention of Alzheimer’s disease. We have developed individualized measures in electrophysiological brain signals during working memory that distinguish patients with aMCI from age-matched cognitively intact older individuals. Objective: Here we test longitudinally the prognosis of the baseline neuromarkers for aMCI risk. We hypothesized that the older individuals diagnosed with incident aMCI already have aMCI-like brain signatures years before diagnosis. Methods: Electroencephalogram (EEG) and memory performance were recorded during a working memory task at baseline. The individualized baseline neuromarkers, annual cognitive status, and longitudinal changes in memory recall scores up to 10 years were analyzed. Results: Seven of the 19 cognitively normal older adults were diagnosed with incident aMCI for a median 5.2 years later. The seven converters’ frontal brainwaves were statistically identical to those patients with diagnosed aMCI (n = 14) at baseline. Importantly, the converters’ baseline memory-related brainwaves (reduced mean frontal responses to memory targets) were significantly different from those who remained normal. Furthermore, differentiation pattern of left frontal memory-related responses (targets versus nontargets) was associated with an increased risk hazard of aMCI (HR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.03, 2.08). Conclusion: The memory-related neuromarkers detect MCI-like brain signatures about five years before diagnosis. The individualized frontal neuromarkers index increased MCI risk at baseline. These noninvasive neuromarkers during our Bluegrass memory task have great potential to be used repeatedly for individualized prognosis of MCI risk and progression before clinical diagnosis.

scholarly journals Refining sleep measurement using the Motionwatch8©: How many days of monitoring do we need to get reliable estimates of sleep quality for older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan S. Falck ◽  
Cindy K. Barha ◽  
Patrick C.Y. Chan ◽  
Teresa Liu-Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Sleep Measurement ◽  
Reliability Coefficients

Abstract Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transition stage between healthy cognition and dementia, and is linked to poorer sleep. Objective, reliable, and low-burden field methods to measure older adult sleep are also currently needed. The MotionWatch8© (MW8) wrist-worn actigraph provides estimates of sleep with 14 days of observation; however, there may be underlying differences in the reliability of sleep estimates based on MCI status. We therefore investigated the number of MW8 monitoring days required to estimate sleep in older adults with MCI and without. Methods Older adults (55+ years; N=151) wore the MW8 for ≥14 days. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment was used to categorize participants with probable MCI (scores of <26/30) and participants without MCI (≥26/30). We calculated intra-class reliability coefficients for 1-, 7-, and 14-days of wear-time, and performed Spearman-Brown predictions to determine the number of monitoring days needed for an ICC=0.80. Results Older adults with MCI were older ( p <0.01), more likely to be male ( p =0.03), and had shorter sleep duration ( p <0.01). Spearman-Brown analyses indicated that the number of monitoring days needed for an ICC=0.80 in older adults with probable MCI was 7 days for sleep duration, 4 days for fragmentation, and 4 days for efficiency; adults without MCI required 4 days for duration, 6 days for fragmentation, and 3 days for efficiency. Conclusions Our results indicate that while the reliability of MW8 estimates of sleep differs based on cognitive status, 7 days of MW8 monitoring provides reliable estimates of sleep for adults with MCI and those without.

Is the Discrimination of Subjective Cognitive Decline from Cognitively Healthy Adulthood and Mild Cognitive Impairment Possible? A Pilot Study Utilizing the R4Alz Battery

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 715-732
Author(s):  
Eleni Poptsi ◽  
Despina Moraitou ◽  
Emmanouil Tsardoulias ◽  
Andreas L. Symeonidisd ◽  
Magda Tsolaki
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Working Memory Updating

Background: The early diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders before the symptoms’ onset is the ultimate goal of the scientific community. REMEDES for Alzheimer (R4Alz) is a battery, designed for assessing cognitive control abilities in people with minor and major neurocognitive disorders. Objective: To investigate whether the R4Alz battery’s tasks differentiate subjective cognitive decline (SCD) from cognitively healthy adults (CHA) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: The R4Alz battery was administered to 175 Greek adults, categorized in five groups a) healthy young adults (HYA; n = 42), b) healthy middle-aged adults (HMaA; n = 33), c) healthy older adults (HOA; n = 14), d) community-dwelling older adults with SCD (n = 34), and e) people with MCI (n = 52). Results: Between the seven R4Alz subtasks, four showcased the best results for differentiating HOA from SCD: the working memory updating (WMCUT-S3), the inhibition and switching subtask (ICT/RST-S1&S2), the failure sets (FS) of the ICT/RST-S1&S2, and the cognitive flexibility subtask (ICT/RST-S3). The total score of the four R4Alz subtasks (R4AlzTot4) leads to an excellent discrimination among SCD and healthy adulthood, and to fare discrimination among SCD and MCI. Conclusion: The R4Alz battery is a novel approach regarding the neuropsychological assessment of people with SCD, since it can very well assist toward discriminating SCD from HOA. The R4Alz is able to measure decline of specific cognitive control abilities - namely of working memory updating, and complex executive functions - which seem to be the neuropsychological substrate of cognitive complaints in community dwelling adults of advancing age.

Sleep quality mediates the relationship between frailty and cognitive dysfunction in non-demented middle aged to older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-663
Author(s):  
Sonya Kaur ◽  
Nikhil Banerjee ◽  
Michelle Miranda ◽  
Mitchell Slugh ◽  
Ni Sun Suslow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
The Relationship
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