scholarly journals P056 Using Polysomnography in Young People with Borderline Personality Disorder: A Pilot and Feasibility Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A39-A39
Author(s):  
C Jenkins ◽  
K Thompson ◽  
A Chanen ◽  
C Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Sleep Laboratory ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Sensory Sensitivities ◽  
Participant Preferences ◽  
Healthy Young People ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
At Home

Abstract Introduction Few studies have assessed sleep in young people (aged 15–25 years) with BPD using polysomnography. The feasibility of using polysomnography in this population might be questioned due to polysomnography’s invasiveness, anxiety and sensory sensitivities in BPD, and misconceptions that individuals with BPD are uncooperative and non-compliant. This study aimed to provide pilot sleep quality and architecture data and assess polysomnography feasibility. Method Participants were 13 females aged 15–25, 7 (Mage = 19.97, SD = 3.15) with BPD and 6 age-matched healthy controls (Mage = 20.13, SD = 3.31). Participants completed two non-consecutive nights of polysomnography monitoring (second night’s data were used in analyses). Participants were given the option of completing polysomnography monitoring at home or in a sleep laboratory. Results Young people with BPD displayed less arousals across the night and specifically during NREM sleep compared with healthy young people. All other sleep parameters were comparable across groups. There was considerable heterogeneity among participant preferences for in-home vs. sleep laboratory-based monitoring, due to comfort, safety, convenience, interest in seeing a sleep laboratory, or their living situation (eg. presence of bed partner at home). Anxiety was identified as a potential barrier to polysomnography research in this population. Discussion There were some indications of more consolidated sleep in BPD, which might reflect a greater sleep need in this population. The feasibility and tolerability of in-home and sleep laboratory-based polysomnography were demonstrated. Future protocols should incorporate ways to minimise anxiety, for example through providing a choice of monitoring location.

scholarly journals Household transmission and incidence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in symptomatic healthcare workers, clinical course and outcome: a French hospital experience

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106866
Author(s):  
Evguenia Krastinova ◽  
Valérie Garrait ◽  
Marie-Thérèse Lecam ◽  
André Coste ◽  
Emmanuelle Varon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Current Smoker ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Household Transmission ◽  
Occupational Profile ◽  
Household Members ◽  
French Hospital ◽  
At Home

ObjectivesAlthough healthcare workers (HCWs) have been particularly affected by SARS-CoV-2, detailed data remain scarce. In this study, we investigated infection rates, clinical characteristics, occupational exposure and household transmission among all symptomatic HCWs screened by SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR between 17 March (French lockdown) and 20 April.MethodsSARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR was proposed to symptomatic (new cough or dyspnoea) HCWs at Creteil Hospital in one of the Parisian suburbs most severely affected by COVID-19. Data on occupational profile, living situation and household, together with self–isolation and mask use at home were collected, as well as the number of cases in the household.ResultsThe incidence rate of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 was estimated to be 5% (110/2188). A total of 110 (35%) of the 314 HCWs tested positive and 9 (8%) were hospitalised. On multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with positive RT-PCR were occupational profile with direct patient facing (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 8.8), p<0.03), and presence of anosmia (OR 5.7, 95% CI 3.1 to 10.6), p<0.0001). Being a current smoker was associated with negative RT-PCR (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.7), p=0.005). Transmission from HCWs to household members was reported in 9 (14%) cases, and 2 deaths occurred. Overall, self-isolation was possible in 52% of cases, but only 31% of HCWs were able to wear a mask at home.ConclusionThis is the first study to report infection rates among HCWs during the peak of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in France and the lockdown period, highlighting the risk related to occupational profile and household transmission.

scholarly journals Initiation of therapy for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a randomized comparison of outcomes of telemetry-supported home-based vs. sleep lab-based therapy initiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Fietze ◽  
Sebastian Herberger ◽  
Gina Wewer ◽  
Holger Woehrle ◽  
Katharina Lederer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sleep Laboratory ◽  
Home Therapy ◽  
Home Management ◽  
Therapy Initiation ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
At Home

Abstract Purpose Diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea are traditionally performed in sleep laboratories with polysomnography (PSG) and are associated with significant waiting times for patients and high cost. We investigated if initiation of auto-titrating CPAP (APAP) treatment at home in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and subsequent telemonitoring by a homecare provider would be non-inferior to in-lab management with diagnostic PSG, subsequent in-lab APAP initiation, and standard follow-up regarding compliance and disease-specific quality of life. Methods This randomized, open-label, single-center study was conducted in Germany. Screening occurred between December 2013 and November 2015. Eligible patients with moderate-to-severe OSA documented by polygraphy (PG) were randomized to home management or standard care. All patients were managed by certified sleep physicians. The home management group received APAP therapy at home, followed by telemonitoring. The control group received a diagnostic PSG, followed by therapy initiation in the sleep laboratory. The primary endpoint was therapy compliance, measured as average APAP usage after 6 months. Results The intention-to-treat population (ITT) included 224 patients (110 home therapy, 114 controls); the per-protocol population (PP) included 182 patients with 6-month device usage data (89 home therapy, 93 controls). In the PP analysis, mean APAP usage at 6 months was not different in the home therapy and control groups (4.38 ± 2.04 vs. 4.32 ± 2.28, p = 0.845). The pre-specified non-inferiority margin (NIM) of 0.3 h/day was not achieved (p = 0.130); statistical significance was achieved in a post hoc analysis when NIM was set at 0.5 h/day (p < 0.05). Time to APAP initiation was significantly shorter in the home therapy group (7.6 ± 7.2 vs. 46.1 ± 23.8 days; p < 0.0001). Conclusion Use of a home-based telemonitoring strategy for initiation of APAP in selected patients with OSA managed by sleep physicians is feasible, appears to be non-inferior to standard sleep laboratory procedures, and facilitates faster access to therapy.

scholarly journals Measurement invariance of the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale and latent mean differences (SWEMWBS) in young people by current care status

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Anthony ◽  
Graham Moore ◽  
Nicholas Page ◽  
Gillian Hewitt ◽  
Simon Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Children In Care

Abstract Purpose Studying mental wellbeing requires the use of reliable, valid, and practical assessment tools, such as the Short version of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS). Research on the mental wellbeing of children in care is sparse. The current study aims to: (1) examine the unidimensionality of SWEMWBS; (2) assess measurement invariance of SWEMWBS across children and young people in care compared to their peers not in care; and (3) investigate the latent factor mean differences between care status groups. Methods We used data from the 2017 School Health Research Network Student Health and Wellbeing (SHW) survey, completed by 103,971 students in years 7 to 11 from 193 secondary schools in Wales. The final data include a total of 2,795 participants (46% boys), which includes all children in care and a sub-sample of children not in care who completed the SWEMWBS scale fully and answered questions about their living situation. Results Confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensionality of SWEMWBS. The SWEMWBS is invariant across groups of young people in foster, residential and kinship care compared to children and young people not in care at configural, metric and scalar levels. Findings from latent mean comparisons showed that young people in care reported lower mental wellbeing than their peers, with those in residential care reporting the lowest scores. Conclusions Findings suggest that SWEMWBS is a valid scale for measuring differences in mental wellbeing for young people in care similar to the population.

scholarly journals Visual Attention and Aging: an Age-Related Cognitive Model of Positive Adaptation

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
José Manuel Rodríguez-Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Covert Attention ◽  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Healthy Young People

We have studied the effects of normal aging on visual attention. Have participated a group of 38 healthy elderly people with an average age of 67.8 years and a group of 39 healthy young people with average age of 19.2 years. In a first experiment of visual detection, response times were recorded, with and without covert attention, to the presentation of stimuli (0.5º in diameter grey circles) appearing in three eccentricities (2.15, 3.83 and 5.53° of visual field) and with three levels of contrast (6, 16 and 78%). In a second experiment of visual form discrimination circles and squares with the same features as in the previous experiment were presented, but in this case subjects only should respond to the emergence of the circles. In both age groups, the covert attention reduced response times. Compared to young people, the older group achieved better results in some aspects of attention tests and response times were reduced more in the stimuli of greater eccentricity. The data suggest that there is a mechanism of adaptation in aging, in which visual attention especially favors the perception of those stimuli more difficult to detec

On the issue of sudden death while swimming

1935 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 538-538
Author(s):  
E. Strauge
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Sensitive Skin ◽  
Healthy Young People

Based on the experience gained with a single clinical observation, the author concludes that the sudden death of healthy young people during swimming is in some cases due to shock caused by the absorption of toxic amounts of H-substants (histamine), which are released in the overly sensitive skin due to cooling.

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