scholarly journals Identifying genetic variants affecting cattle grazing behavior experiencing mild heat load

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_S1) ◽  
pp. S61-S66
Author(s):  
Morgan R Stegemiller ◽  
Melinda J Ellison ◽  
John B Hall ◽  
James E Sprinkle ◽  
Brenda M Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Grazing Behavior ◽  
Mild Heat

PSI-18 Identifying genetic variants associated with grazing, walking, and slope use of cattle experiencing mild heat load

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 281-281
Author(s):  
Morgan R Stegemiller ◽  
Melinda J Ellison ◽  
John B Hall ◽  
James E Sprinkle ◽  
Brenda M Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Chromosome 11 ◽  
Maximum Slope ◽  
Grazing Behavior ◽  
Mild Heat ◽  
Walking Time

Abstract Rangeland is a valuable resource that can allow producers to cost effectively provide nutrients for grazing cattle. However, grazing behavior of cattle is adversely affected when the temperature humidity index is greater than 72. It is possible to select cattle that exhibit efficient grazing behavior even under mild heat stress. This study evaluated genetic associations with grazing behavior to help producers identify cows that will effectively use their rangeland pastures. Using genome-wide associations, this study identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with grazing time, walking time and max slope that cattle utilized while experiencing mild heat load. Data were collected from Angus X Hereford 2-year-old beef cows from UI herd over two years (37 grazing and walking minutes, 38 max slope). Genotypes were obtained using a Bovine GGP 50K SNP marker array and 41,686 markers were used in the analyses. Two SNPs on chromosome 11 are significantly (P = 5.01e-7, P = 6.46e-7) associated with grazing minutes and explain 0.52 proportion of variance (PVE). A SNP on chromosome 3 is significant for walking minutes (P=1.91e-6) with a PVE of 0.48. Additionally, a SNP on chromosome 14 is significantly (P = 8.50e-6) associated with max slope and has a PVE of 0.43. This ongoing project identified significant associations with grazing and walking minutes and maximum slope. This research will be strengthened with the addition of more animals over successive years. Some cattle spend more time grazing, walking, or at a higher elevation in mild heat load. Identifying genetic variants associated with grazing time, walking time, and maximum slope use while under heat stress can enable producers to select for cattle that best fit the rangeland available to them.

scholarly journals Relationship of Supplement Intake Behavior to Performance and Grazing Behavior of Cattle Grazing Mixed-Grass Rangelands

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Samuel A. Wyffels ◽  
Julia M. Dafoe ◽  
Cory T. Parsons ◽  
Darrin L. Boss ◽  
Timothy DelCurto
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Grazing Behavior ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Mixed Grass ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Supplement Intake ◽  
Cattle Performance

This study evaluated the relationships between supplement intake behavior, beef cattle performance, and grazing behavior on dormant northern mixed-grass rangelands. In each of two years, a commercial herd of bred cows grazed a rangeland pasture from November to January. All cattle were managed as one contemporary group. Calf birth date, birth weight, and adjusted 205-day weaning weight were collected for each cow following the grazing season each year as cow performance metrics. During the grazing season, all cattle were provided free-choice access to a self-fed supplement. Supplement intake behavior was measured for each individual. Grazing behavior was monitored for 30 randomly selected individuals. The relationship of individual average daily supplement intake (R = 0.65; ρ = 0.65), supplement consumption rate (R = 0.58; ρ = 0.54), the coefficient of variation of supplement intake (R = 0.51; ρ = 0.50), and the amount of time spent at the feeder (R = 0.47; ρ = 0.49) were positively correlated and ranked across years (P < 0.01), suggesting individual animal supplement intake behavior is repeatable for cattle grazing dormant season rangelands. Additionally, there were multiple significant associations between supplement intake behavior, cattle performance, and grazing behavior (P ≤ 0.05); however, the majority were weak associations that accounted for minimal variation in cattle performance and grazing behavior (R ≤ 0.27; r2 ≤ 0.07). Although supplement intake behavioral traits were repeatable across years, its use as a metric to predict animal performance and grazing behavior may be limited.

Erratum to “Cattle grazing behavior with season-long free-choice access to four forage types” [Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 78 (2002) 29–42]

2003 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-172
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S Fehmi ◽  
James F Karn ◽  
Ronald E Ries ◽  
John R Hendrickson ◽  
Jon D Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Grazing Behavior

Predicting cattle grazing behavior on rangeland using accelerometers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Sprinkle ◽  
Joseph K. Sagers ◽  
John B. Hall ◽  
Melinda J. Ellison ◽  
Joel V. Yelich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Grazing Behavior

scholarly journals Effect of Summer Annual Forage and Type of Shade on Grazing Behavior of Beef Stocker Heifers

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Guillermo Scaglia
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Grazing Behavior ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Forage Type

<p>Heat stress in beef cattle is still one of the issues affecting animal performance in the beef cattle industry. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of two summer annual forages such as alyceclover (<em>Alysicarpus vaginalis</em> L.), and pearl millet (<em>Pennisetum glaucum</em>) with natural (trees) or artificial shade (80% shade) on grazing behavior and on reducing the heat load of crossbred yearling heifers. On three consecutive years from mid-July to mid-September, 36 (<em>Bos taurus</em> × <em>B. indicus</em>) heifers (body weight [BW] = 321±11.3 kg) were randomly allotted (n = 3) and continuously stocked in 12-1.33 ha paddocks in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (2 forage types and 2 shade types) with three replicates. Heifers grazing on alyceclover gained more (p = 0.03) than those grazing pearl millet (0.94 and 0.80 kg, respectively). Grazing behavior variables were not affected (p &gt; 0.05) by forage type and forage type x shade type interaction; however, shade type affected grazing and lying time (p &lt; 0.05). Time of day (TOD) affected (p &lt; 0.05) grazing and standing time, number of steps taken, respiration rate, and panting scores. These negative effects are related with the greatest temperature humidity index between 1100 and 1459 h. When data were analyzed by TOD, the negative effect on grazing behavior variables was not different for heifers with access to natural or artificial shades. Under the conditions of the present experiment, artificial shade provided protection for cattle. Grazing behavior parameters can be used to monitor heat load in grazing cattle.</p>

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Patterns of Cattle Grazing Behavior on Shortgrass Steppe

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Senft ◽  
L. R. Rittenhouse ◽  
R. G. Woodmansee
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Shortgrass Steppe ◽  
Grazing Behavior ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals Grazing Systems, Pasture Size, and Cattle Grazing Behavior, Distribution and Gains

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Hart ◽  
J. Bissio ◽  
M. J. Samuel ◽  
J. W. Waggoner
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Grazing Behavior ◽  
Grazing Systems

scholarly journals Influence of supplementation method on forage use and grazing behavior by beef cattle grazing bluestem range

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 4128-4136 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Brandyberry ◽  
R. C. Cochran ◽  
E. S. Vanzant ◽  
T. DelCurto ◽  
L. R. Corah
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Grazing Behavior

scholarly journals Grazing behavior and production for lactating cows differing in residual feed intake while grazing spring and summer rangeland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E Sprinkle ◽  
Melinda J Ellison ◽  
John B Hall ◽  
Joel V Yelich ◽  
Carmen M Willmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Travel Distance ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Grazing Behavior ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Bite Rate ◽  
Daily Travel Distance ◽  
Daily Travel

Abstract The objectives were to determine if previously classified, efficient (LRFI, low-residual-feed intake, n = 12 x 2 yr) vs inefficient (HRFI, high-residual-feed intake, n = 12 x 2 yr) lactating 2-yr-old Hereford x Angus cows differed in grazing behavior, body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), and calf weaning weight while grazing rugged rangeland pastures. Cows were fitted with grazing halters containing both an accelerometer and a global-positioning-system (GPS) data logger during 14 June to 4 July 2016, 2 to 25 August 2016, 23 May to 12 June 2017, and 5 to 28 August 2017. GPS data were recorded at 7-min intervals in 2016 and 4-min intervals in 2017 and accelerometer data recorded at 25 times/s. Grazing time, resting, walking, bite rate, daily travel distance, elevation, and slope were analyzed with a mixed model that included fixed effects of RFI group, day, and RFI group x day and cow within treatment as the random effect. Cow BW, BCS, and calf weaning weight were analyzed by ANOVA with treatment as the main effect. There were no differences (P &gt; 0.10) due to RFI detected for BW, BCS, or calf weaning weights. During periods of mild heat load (MHL), HRFI cows spent more (P &lt; 0.05) time resting during the day at lower elevations (P &lt; 0.05) than LRFI cows. During a 6-d period in spring with only 2 h MHL, HRFI cows grazed 1.7 h/d longer than LRFI cows (P &lt; 0.05); commencing grazing earlier in the morning and extending the grazing bout later. During the summer with &gt; MHL, LRFI cows grazed more than HRFI cows 18% of the time (P &lt; 0.10). The HRFI cows had greater grazing time than LRFI cows only 3% of the time (P &lt; 0.10) during summer. There was no difference (P &gt; 0.10) in bite rate between HRFI and LRFI cattle. The daily travel distance tended (P &lt; 0.10) to be greater for LRFI cattle during summer 2017. Over all sample periods, HRFI had greater walking than LRFI 15% of the time and LRFI exceeded HRFI cattle for walking 3% of the time (P &lt; 0.10). The greater walking for HRFI was assumed to be associated with more search grazing. Metabolic heat load on hot summer days for HRFI cattle is presumed to have contributed to differences observed in grazing behavior. These results suggest that lactating cows with low RFI phenotypes appear to be better adapted to grazing rugged rangelands in late-summer during periods of mild heat load.

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