Morphological, ontogenetic and molecular data support strongylidiids as being closely related to Dorsomarginalia (Protozoa, Ciliophora) and reactivation of the family Strongylidiidae Fauré-Fremiet, 1961

The taxonomic position of the monotypic Vietnamese genus Tonkinodentus Schileyko, 1992 (for T. lestes Schileyko, 1992) has been considered in the light of the first obtained molecular data. Both molecular (28S rRNA) and morphological data support the position of this extraordinary eye-less genus within the family Scolopendridae Leach, 1814, a sighted clade, and thus suggests the polyphyly of blind scolopendromorphs. The species diagnosis has been amended and color images of T. lestes provided for the first time.

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The status of Myriangiaceae (Dothideomycetes)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.176.1.22 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 176 (1) ◽

pp. 219 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

ASHA J. DISSANAYAKE ◽

RUVISHIKA S. JAYAWARDENA ◽

SARANYAPHAT BOONMEE ◽

KASUN M. THAMBUGALA ◽

QING TIAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sequence Data ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Molecular Sequence Data ◽

Molecular Sequence ◽

The Family ◽

The Status ◽

Sexual State ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Asexual State ◽

Molecular Characters

The family Myriangiaceae is relatively poorly known amongst the Dothideomycetes and includes genera which are saprobic, epiphytic and parasitic on the bark, leaves and branches of various plants. The family has not undergone any recent revision, however, molecular data has shown it to be a well-resolved family closely linked to Elsinoaceae in Myriangiales. Both morphological and molecular characters indicate that Elsinoaceae differs from Myriangiaceae. In Elsinoaceae, small numbers of asci form in locules in light coloured pseudostromata, which form typical scab-like blemishes on leaf or fruit surfaces. The coelomycetous, “Sphaceloma”-like asexual state of Elsinoaceae, form more frequently than the sexual state; conidiogenesis is phialidic and conidia are 1-celled and hyaline. In Myriangiaceae, locules with single asci are scattered in a superficial, coriaceous to sub-carbonaceous, black ascostromata and do not form scab-like blemishes. No asexual state is known. In this study, we revisit the family Myriangiaceae, and accept ten genera, providing descriptions and discussion on the generic types of Anhellia, Ascostratum, Butleria, Dictyocyclus, Diplotheca, Eurytheca, Hemimyriangium, Micularia, Myriangium and Zukaliopsis. The genera of Myriangiaceae are compared and contrasted. Myriangium duriaei is the type species of the family, while Diplotheca is similar and may possibly be congeneric. The placement of Anhellia in Myriangiaceae is supported by morphological and molecular data. Because of similarities with Myriangium, Ascostratum (A. insigne), Butleria (B. inaghatahani), Dictyocyclus (D. hydrangea), Eurytheca (E. trinitensis), Hemimyriangium (H. betulae), Micularia (M. merremiae) and Zukaliopsis (Z. amazonica) are placed in Myriangiaceae. Molecular sequence data from fresh collections is required to confirm the relationships and placement of the genera in this family.

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Phylogenomic Discordance in the Eared Seals is best explained by Incomplete Lineage Sorting following Explosive Radiation in the Southern Hemisphere

Systematic Biology ◽

10.1093/sysbio/syaa099 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fernando Lopes ◽

Larissa R Oliveira ◽

Amanda Kessler ◽

Yago Beux ◽

Enrique Crespo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Incomplete Lineage Sorting ◽

Gene Tree ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Species Tree ◽

Gene Trees ◽

Lineage Sorting ◽

Data Types ◽

High Coverage ◽

Sea Lions ◽

The Family

Abstract The phylogeny and systematics of fur seals and sea lions (Otariidae) have long been studied with diverse data types, including an increasing amount of molecular data. However, only a few phylogenetic relationships have reached acceptance because of strong gene-tree species tree discordance. Divergence times estimates in the group also vary largely between studies. These uncertainties impeded the understanding of the biogeographical history of the group, such as when and how trans-equatorial dispersal and subsequent speciation events occurred. Here we used high-coverage genome-wide sequencing for 14 of the 15 species of Otariidae to elucidate the phylogeny of the family and its bearing on the taxonomy and biogeographical history. Despite extreme topological discordance among gene trees, we found a fully supported species tree that agrees with the few well-accepted relationships and establishes monophyly of the genus Arctocephalus. Our data support a relatively recent trans-hemispheric dispersal at the base of a southern clade, which rapidly diversified into six major lineages between 3 to 2.5 Ma. Otaria diverged first, followed by Phocarctos and then four major lineages within Arctocephalus. However, we found Zalophus to be non-monophyletic, with California (Z. californianus) and Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) grouping closer than the Galapagos sea lion (Z. wollebaeki) with evidence for introgression between the two genera. Overall, the high degree of genealogical discordance was best explained by incomplete lineage sorting resulting from quasi-simultaneous speciation within the southern clade with introgresssion playing a subordinate role in explaining the incongruence among and within prior phylogenetic studies of the family.

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Description of a new species of Auriculostoma (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) from Characidium heirmostigmata (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Argentina, using morphological and molecular data

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x21000109 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

Author(s):

M.M. Montes ◽

J. Barneche ◽

Y. Croci ◽

D. Balcazar ◽

A. Almirón ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

National Park ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

The Family ◽

Parasitological Survey ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

A New Species

Abstract During a parasitological survey of fishes at Iguazu National Park, Argentina, specimens belonging to the allocreadiid genus Auriculostoma were collected from the intestine of Characidium heirmostigmata. The erection of the new species is based on a unique combination of morphological traits as well as on phylogenetic analysis. Auriculostoma guacurarii n. sp. resembles four congeneric species – Auriculostoma diagonale, Auriculostoma platense, Auriculostoma tica and Auriculostoma totonacapanensis – in having smooth and oblique testes, but can be distinguished by a combination of several morphological features, hosts association and geographic distribution. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from both A. diagonale and A. platense by the egg size (bigger in the first and smaller in the last); from A. tica by a shorter body length, the genital pore position and the extension of the caeca; and from A. totonacapanensis by the size of the oral and ventral sucker and the post-testicular space. Additionally, one specimen of Auriculostoma cf. stenopteri from the characid Charax stenopterus (Characiformes) from La Plata River, Argentina, was sampled and the partial 28S rRNA gene was sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. guacurarii n. sp. clustered with A. tica and these two as sister taxa to A. cf. stenopteri. The new species described herein is the tenth species in the genus and the first one parasitizing a member of the family Crenuchidae.

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Sinalliaria, a new genus of Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.186.4.2 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 186 (4) ◽

pp. 188 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ying-Ying Zhou ◽

HONG-WEI ZHANG ◽

JIANG-QIN HU ◽

Xiao-Feng Jin

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

New Genus ◽

Eastern China ◽

Distinct Group ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

New Combinations ◽

The Family ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Seed Testa

Sinalliaria is described here as a new genus of the family Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on the morphological characters and molecular sequences. Sinalliaria differs from the related genus Orychophragmus in having basal leaves petiolate, simple or rarely with 1‒3 lateral lobes (not pinnatisect); cauline leaves petiolate, cordate at base (not sessile, auriculate or amplexicaul at base); petals obovate to narrowly obovate, claw inconspicuous (not broadly obovate, with a claw as along as sepal); siliques truncate (not long-beaked) at apex. The microscopic characters of seed testa also show significant differences between Sinalliaria and Orychophragmus. Phylogenetic evidence from DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid region trnL-trnF indicates that Sinalliaria is a distinct group related to Orychophragmus and Raphanus, but these three genera do not form a clade. The new genus Sinalliaria is endemic to eastern China and has only one species and one variety. The new combinations, S. limprichtiana (Pax) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang and S. limprichtiana var. grandifolia (Z. X. An) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang are proposed here.

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Two new freshwater planarian species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesiidae) partially sympatric in Argentinean Patagonia

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/cjz-2020-0169 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 269-278

Author(s):

M. Lenguas Francavilla ◽

L. Negrete ◽

A. Martínez-Aquino ◽

C. Damborenea ◽

F. Brusa

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Free Living ◽

Mitochondrial Coi ◽

Argentinean Patagonia ◽

The Family ◽

Taxonomic Approach ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Endemic Flora

Girardia Ball, 1974 is the most diverse and widely distributed genus of the family Dugesiidae (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) in the Neotropical region. Seven out of the 52 species of the genus are known for Argentina. The Somuncurá Plateau is a region in northern Patagonia with several endemic flora and fauna, but little is known about the free-living Platyhelminthes. We describe two new species of Girardia partially inhabiting in sympatry in the Somuncurá Plateau: Girardia somuncura sp. nov. and Girardia tomasi sp. nov. The identification criteria that we followed was an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular data. Thus, we used anatomical features focused on the reproductive system, together with a phylogenetic analysis, using a mitochondrial (COI barcode region) genetic marker. This study is the first phylogenetic analysis of the genus Girardia in which we include the southernmost representatives of America here described, thus making it possible to incorporate them in global phylogenies.

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Molecular and Ultrastructural Analysis of a Porocephalus sp. (Arthropoda: Pentastomida) Removed from a Rattlesnake

10.31753/jmas.66_101 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Vol 66 (1) (January (1)) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Jerome Goddard ◽

Gerald Baker ◽

Petra Jericke ◽

Lawrence Birchman ◽

Ethan Woodward ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Cytochrome C ◽

Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽

Adult Female ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Ultrastructural Analysis ◽

Oxidase Subunit ◽

Data Support ◽

Partial 18S

Ultrastructural and molecular data are provided from a single adult female pentastomid opportunistically collected from a road-killed rattlesnake in Russell, KS. Ultrastructural data consisted of light and SEM microscopy of the pentastomid and its eggs, while molecular data consisted of partial 18S and 28S ribosomal sequences and a partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 sequence from the same specimen used for SEM. Ultrastructural and molecular data support generic identification of the pentastomid as Porocephalus sp. These molecular data were also used with previously published pentastomid sequence data for a concatenated phylogenetic analysis, which support the current, morphology-based taxonomic placement of the genus.

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Comparative morphological, anatomical, micromorphological, and palynological studies on the genera Opopanax and Crenosciadium (Apiaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.372.1.3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 372 (1) ◽

pp. 35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ÖZLEM ÇETIN ◽

MUSTAFA ÇELIK

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Pollen Morphology ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Monotypic Genus ◽

Western Asia ◽

The Family ◽

Surface Ornamentation ◽

Fruit Surface

In the present study, morphological, micromorphological, palynological and anatomical characteristics of the genera Opopanax and Crenosciadium are reviewed and compared. The genus Opopanax is distributed in southern Europe, the Mediterranean region and Western Asia, and it is represented by three species in Turkey. Crenosciadium is a poorly known monotypic genus from Turkey, recently treated as synonym in Opopanax. Expanded descriptions, phenology, geographic distributions, and images of habitus of Opopanax and Crenosciadium are given. The differences between the two genera are discussed. The pollen morphology of Opopanax and Crenosciadium is studied by SEM and LM. The palynological results confirmed the stenopalynous characteristic of the family Apiaceae, and revealed that the pollen grains of both genera are perprolate in shape. Also fruit surface ornamentation of both genera is typically striate, and epidermal cells are polygonal or elongated in one direction. Cross-sections of mature fruits are examined and a detailed anatomical description is presented. Mericarp shape and width are very useful characters for discrimination between Opopanax and Crenosciadium; mericarp ribs are also very significant characteristics to discriminate both genera. Our findings, together with previous molecular data, clearly indicate that Crenosciadium differs considerably from Opopanax, and therefore it should be accepted at genus rank.

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