scholarly journals A Survey of Phytophthora spp. in Midwest Nurseries, Greenhouses, and Landscapes

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 635-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Leonberger ◽  
C. Speers ◽  
G. Ruhl ◽  
T. Creswell ◽  
J. L. Beckerman
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Cloning And Sequencing ◽  
Hybrid Species ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Two Hybrid

A survey of nurseries, greenhouses, and landscapes was conducted from 2006 to 2008 in order to determine the prevalence and diversity of Phytophthora spp. From sites in Iowa, Michigan, Ohio, and, predominantly, Indiana, 121 Phytophthora isolates were obtained from 1,657 host samples spanning 32 host genera. Based on sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA, 11 Phytophthora spp. and two hybrid species were identified. A majority of the isolates were P. citricola (35.9%) or P. citrophthora (27.4%). Six isolates were confirmed as hybrids (four of P. cactorum × hedraiandra and two of P. nicotianae × cactorum) by cloning and sequencing the ITS region. Three P. cactorum × hedraiandra isolates were obtained from the same site, from three Rhododendron spp., which are known hosts to the parental species. The fourth isolate, however, was recovered out of a different location in a Dicentra sp., which is not a known host to either parental species, suggesting an expansion of host range of the hybrid isolate as compared with either parental species.

Peucedanum huangshanense (Apiaceae), a new species from Anhui, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 430 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
SHAN-SHAN CHU ◽  
DE-QUN WANG ◽  
HUA-SHENG PENG ◽  
LU-QI HUANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
A New Species

Peucedanum huangshanense, a new species discovered in Anhui, China, is illustrated and described. Detailed morphological comparisons have showed that it is similar to P. praeruptorum but differs from the latter by having larger compound umbels (5–14 cm across), rays up to 25, and long-ovoid mericarps with lateral ribs narrowly winged. To explore the phylogenetic position of this species, nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was sequenced for P. huangshanense and P. praeruptorum collected in different places. The morphological and molecular evidences support the hypothesis that P. huangshanense is a new distinct species.

scholarly journals DNAbased detection of western gall rust

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.D. Ramsfield ◽  
D.R. Vogler
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Infected Host ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Pcr Product

The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA of the western gall rust fungus (Peridermium harknessii) was amplified using the basidiomycetespecific PCR primers ITS1F and ITS4B The PCR product was then sequenced and aligned with other pine stem rust ITS sequences and a conserved region within P harknessii was targeted with the novel PCR primer Phar1 Our PCR protocol was able to differentiate P harknessii from Cronartium comandrae and C coleosporioides and detected P harknessii within infected host tissue However P harknessii was not distinguishable from C quercuum fsp fusiforme The method provides a rapid and sensitive detection protocol for P harknessii and C quercuum fsp fusiforme within infected host tissue

scholarly journals Teleomorph Formation of Phaeoacremonium aleophilum, Cause of Esca and Grapevine Decline in California

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rooney-Latham ◽  
A. Eskalen ◽  
W. D. Gubler
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Type System ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Molecular Analyses

Phaeoacremonium is a recently described genus of the hyphomycetes and includes species associated with grapevine (Vitis vinifera) declines worldwide. Spores of Phaeoacremonium spp. have been trapped in infested vineyards, but neither asexual nor sexual fruiting structures have been observed in the field. Mating studies were carried out to determine if California P. aleophilum isolates are capable of forming a teleomorph in vitro. Sterilized grapevine shavings were placed on the surface of water agar plates with pairs of different California isolates of P. aleophilum, an isolate from the holotype of P. aleophilum, plus other related Phaeoacremonium spp. After approximately 28 to 35 days, perithecia were seen forming on wood chips and agar of many pairings. Upon maturation, fertile perithecia had gelatinous droplets of ascospores oozing from their ostioles. Successful crosses, resulting in mature perithecia, corresponded to a heterothallic mating type system. When F1 progeny were backcrossed with their parents, heterothallism was confirmed. Molecular analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA from ascospore progeny and perithecia confirmed that these perithecia were the teleomorph of P. aleophilum, Togninia minima. Furthermore, 4 months after moist incubating grapevine pieces from naturally infected vineyards, mature perithecia of T. minima could be seen forming on the xylem and pith tissues, suggesting both mating types occur on the same vine.

scholarly journals First report of Fusarium proliferatum causing stem and root rot on lucky bamboo (Dracaena braunii) in Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
A.A. Lahuf
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
First Report

Summary Lucky bamboo (Dracaena braunii) is a popular ornamental plant in Iraq. Individuals of this plant showing stem and root rot symptoms were observed during a survey conducted from November 2015 to February 2016 in several nurseries in Kerbala province, Iraq. Based on morphological characteristics and sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA), the pathogen was identified as Fusarium proliferatum. This is the first report of stem and root rot caused by F. proliferatum on lucky bamboo (D. braunii) in Iraq.

A molecular phylogeny of the grass family (Poaceae) based on the sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS)

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hsiao ◽  
S. W. L. Jacobs ◽  
N. J. Chatterton ◽  
K. H. Asay
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Plate Tectonic ◽  
Its Phylogeny ◽  
The Core ◽  
Grass Family ◽  
Fossil Records

Phylogenetic relationships of the grass family inferred from the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) are generally in accord with the boundaries of the six commonly recognised subfamilies: Bambusoideae, Pooideae, Arundinoideae, Centothecoideae, Chloridoideae and Panicoideae. ITS phylogeny recognises the herbaceous bamboo allies, Streptochaeta and Pharus, as the basal taxa to all grasses. The core grass lineage is resolved into three major clades: the basal Bambusoideae is sister to the monophyletic Pooideae and the Panicoideae–Arundinoideae–Centothecoideae–Chloridoideae (PACC) clade. Several genera with uncertain taxonomic affinities, Lygeum, Nardus, Brachyelytrum, Diarrhena, Anisopogon, Ampelodesmos, and the tribe Stipeae, are all clustered with a broadly defined Pooideae, and may be the ‘missing links’ between the Pooideae and the Bambusoideae. Relationships of the PACC clade indicate that C4 photosynthesis evolved independently among and within the PACC subfamilies. ITS phylogeny of the grass family, and evidence from the chloroplast genome, cytogenetics, fossil records, biogeography, and plate tectonic theory, suggest that the origin of the grasses is probably ‘out of South America’.

scholarly journals Eimeria gilruthi–associated abomasitis in a group of ewes

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawsan I. Ammar ◽  
Allison M. Watson ◽  
Linden E. Craig ◽  
Emily R. Cope ◽  
John J. Schaefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
18S Rdna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Severe Diarrhea

Nine of 23 (39%) research ewes with severe diarrhea and weight loss had histologic lesions consistent with Eimeria gilruthi infection in their abomasa. Gross anatomic lesions included hundreds of opaque 1-mm nodules in abomasal mucosa that corresponded microscopically to 200–300 µm diameter organisms surrounded by areas of necrosis. Analysis of fecal samples from 4 ewes demonstrated oocysts from typical ovine Eimeria species, none of which were E. gilruthi. Two separate PCR reactions were performed on abomasal tissue from 4 sheep to amplify the 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA, respectively. The resultant 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences shared 99% homology with multiple Eimeria species in GenBank. The ITS region shared 77% homology with E. ellipsoidalis in GenBank. Further studies are needed to understand the life cycle and pathogenicity of E. gilruthi. Our results underscore the inclusion of E. gilruthi in the differential diagnosis of diarrhea and weight loss in sheep.

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