scholarly journals First Report of Potato virus Y in Nicotiana mutabilis in France

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cardin ◽  
B. Moury
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Systemic Vein ◽  
Local Lesions ◽  
Das Elisa

Nicotiana mutabilis Stehmann & Semir is a recently described perennial plant species from southern Brazil that produces long floral stems with white to deep pink flowers and is used for its ornamental quality. In 2003, leaf mosaic symptoms were observed in all 30 N. mutabilis plants in a nursery in the south of France. Observation of crude sap preparations with the electron microscope revealed numerous flexuous particles, 700 to 730 nm long and approximately 11 nm wide, associated with “pinwheel”-like cytoplasmic inclusions, typical of the family Potyviridae. A range of plant species inoculated with extracts from five of the symptomatic plants showed reactions typical of Potato virus Y (PVY) (2), and the presence of the virus was confirmed by positive reactions in double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA with polyclonal antibodies raised against PVY. To test if PVY was responsible for the symptoms observed in N. mutabilis, an isolate was multiplied in N. tabacum cv. Xanthi plants after isolation from local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor and was then mechanically inoculated to 12 seedlings of N. mutabilis cv. Marshmallow. After 3 weeks, the 12 inoculated plants showed systemic vein clearing symptoms and PVY was detected by DAS-ELISA. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR tests using PVY-polyvalent primers (5′-GATGGTTGCCTTGGATGATG and 5′-TAAAAGTAGTACAGGAAAAGCCA) covering the coat protein (CP) coding region amplified a single DNA fragment of the expected 900 bp from total RNA extracts from Xanthi plants inoculated with the five isolates. One of these DNA products was directly sequenced (GenBank Accession No. EU252529) and several accepted methods of phylogenetic analysis compared this sequence to 80 available PVY CP coding sequences and showed that the N. mutabilis PVY belonged to the C1 group (1). Similar to the other PVY strains in the C group, the N. mutabilis isolate was able to induce hypersensitive local lesions in leaves of potato genotypes carrying the Nc gene. However, contrary to the other characterized C1 isolates (1), it was unable to infect systemically cv. Yolo Wonder pepper plants. That peculiar behavior makes the N. mutabilis isolate a tool to identify the viral determinants controlling the host range of PVY. References: (1) B. Blanco-Urgoiti et al. J. Gen. Virol. 79:2037, 1998. (2) C. Kerlan. No. 414 in: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. CMI/AAB, Kew, Surrey, UK, 2006.

scholarly journals Resistência de genótipos de batata ao vírus do enrolamento da folha da batata (PLRV) e ao vírus Y (PVY)

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Daniels ◽  
Arione da S. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Potato Leafroll Virus ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
Das Elisa

O vírus do enrolamento da folha da batata (Potato leafroll virus, PLRV) e o vírus Y da batata (Potato virus Y, PVY) constituem as principais causas da degenerescência da batata-semente no Brasil. Com o objetivo de determinar, nas condições do Rio Grande do Sul, a resistência de campo de genótipos de batata à infecção por estes vírus, avaliaram-se, na presença de infectores, durante três plantios consecutivos de primavera, 20 cultivares e clones de batata. A detecção dos vírus foi efetuada por meio de testes sorológicos (DAS-ELISA). Pela análise de agrupamento os genótipos foram separados em três grupos para resistência ao PLRV (Elvira, Achat, Bintje, Monalisa, Monte Bonito, Panda e Araucária, resistentes; Baronesa, Asterix, Atlantic, 2CRI-1149-1-78, C-1226-35-80, Astrid, C-1714-7-94, A-1139-12-92, Macaca, Eliza e Santo Amor, suscetíveis; Catucha e Cristal, muito suscetíveis) e em quatro grupos para resistência ao PVY (Asterix, Astrid, Catucha, Cristal, Macaca, Monte Bonito, A-1139-12-92, C-1226-35-80 e C-1714-7-94, resistentes; Baronesa, Santo Amor, Monalisa, Panda e 2CRI-1149-1-78, resistentes intermediários; Bintje, Atlantic, Elvira e Araucária, suscetíveis; Achat e Eliza, muito suscetíveis).

scholarly journals A Survey of Five Plant Viruses in Weeds and Tobacco in Poland

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1667
Author(s):  
Grażyna Korbecka-Glinka ◽  
Marcin Przybyś ◽  
Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Infected Tobacco ◽  
Das Elisa

Weeds may contribute to the spread of plant virus epidemics by acting as reservoirs of viruses or/and their vectors. The aim of this research was to study the prevalence of five viral pathogens in weeds in the fields of solanaceous crops in six provinces in Poland differing with soil and climate conditions. Most of the sampled sites were associated with tobacco production. The total number of 157 samples of tobacco and 600 samples of weeds were subjected to DAS-ELISA detection of tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), potato virus Y (PVY), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV). Twenty nine percent of samples of weeds were infected with at least one virus. TSWV and TMV were the most frequently detected in 17.5% and 14.7% of samples, respectively. In most provinces where infected tobacco was found, the same virus was also detected in weeds. Results of this survey are discussed in the context of the current status of virus epidemics in tobacco fields in Poland.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel Resistance-Breaking Isolate of Potato Virus Y in Nicotiana Tabacum

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-10
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyun Kim ◽  
Young-Soo Kim ◽  
Soo-Won Jang ◽  
Yong-Ho Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Systemic Movement ◽  
Pvy Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breaking ◽  
Systemic Vein ◽  
Vein Necrosis ◽  
Tobacco Cultivar

Potato virus Y (PVY) was identified from a PVY-resistance flue-cured tobacco variety KF120 showing vein necrosis at Buron province, Korea. Biological properties of the isolate named PVY-ToBR1 was characterized using various host plants with another isolate PVY-ToJC37. The isolated PVY-ToBR1 induced systemic vein necrosis symptoms on a PVY-resistant tobacco cultivar (VAM) harboring potyvirus resistant va gene, though tissue printing showed the systemic movement of virus was slightly delayed. By contrast, the isolate PVY-ToJC37 failed to infect VAM plants and the virus was not detected on inoculated leaf and systemic leaves in VAM plants. Similarly, the isolated PVY-ToBR1 induced distinctly systemic vein necrosis symptoms on PVY-resistant tobacco cultivars (V.SCR, PBD6, TN86, TN90, Virgin A Mutant, NC744, and Wislica) that have the recessive potyvirus resistance gene va, but PVY-ToJC37 did not infect systemically infect these tobacco cultivars, suggesting that PVY-ToBR1 is a novel resistance-breaking isolate in tobacco. The coat protein (CP) genes of PVY-ToBR1 and PVY-ToJC37 were amplified using RT-PCR assays with specific primers for PVY isolates and nucleotide sequences of the CP genes were determined. The isolate PVY-ToBR1 showed 88.4% - 99.4% and 86.6% - 99.4% CP identities to the 46 different PVY isolates at the nucleotide and amino acid, respectively. Phylogenetic relationship from CP comparisons showed that PVY-ToBR1 isolate clustered with PVYNTN isolates and PVY-ToBR1 isolate more closely related to the isolates from European than from North American PVY NTN.

scholarly journals Incidencia y sintomatología de cinco virus en parcelas comerciales de chile seco en Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí y Zacatecas, México

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-390
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Velásquez-Valle ◽  
Luis Roberto Reveles-Torres ◽  
Jaime Mena-Covarrubias
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Tobacco Etch Virus ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Pepper Mottle Virus ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Das Elisa

A nivel mundial el cultivo de chile es afectado por más de 60 enfermedades virales; sin embargo, poco se conoce acerca de ellas en el área productora de chile seco del norte centro de México por lo que el objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en detectar la presencia y sintomatología de cinco virus en parcelas comerciales de chile seco en los estados mencionados. Plantas de chile de los tipos mirasol y ancho fueron muestreadas y se anotó la presencia de síntomas como enanismo, clorosis, deformación de hojas, defoliación, necrosis vascular y ramas unidas. Las muestras fueron analizadas mediante la técnica DAS- ELISA empleando los antisueros para el virus del mosaico del tabaco (Tobacco mosaic virus: TMV), mosaico del pepino (Cucumber mosaic virus: CMV), Y de la papa (Potato virus Y: PVY), moteado del chile (Pepper mottle virus: PepMoV) y jaspeado del tabaco (Tobacco etch virus: TEV). Esos virus fueron identificados en plantas de chile colectadas en las parcelas comerciales de chile seco de los tres estados antes mencionados.

VIRUS STUDIES: I. THE PRODUCTION OF ANTISERA IN CHICKENS BY INOCULATION WITH POTATO X

1936 ◽  
Vol 14c (11) ◽  
pp. 412-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Newton ◽  
H. I. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wing Vein ◽  
Lethal Temperatures ◽  
Precipitin Reaction

Chicken antiserum was produced by three wing vein inoculations with sap from Datura meteloides and Datura Stramonium plants infected with "potato virus X". Before injection, the saps were purified by the Bawden and Pirie method. This antiserum formed a conspicuous precipitate when incubated for three hours at 37 °C. with similarly purified sap of these two plant species when they were infected with the X or healthy potato virus, but failed to form any precipitate when incubated in the same way with purified sap from virus-free plants. Two unknown viruses, one from spinach and the other from tomato were established as belonging to the X group by the precipitin reaction through the use of chicken antisera. The serological grouping was supported by the fact that the unknowns had similar, if not identical lethal temperatures, longevities in vitro, and host ranges as the ordinary potato virus X.

scholarly journals Detection of Potato virus Y associated with African nightshade leafy vegetable (Solanum scabrum miller) in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-259
Author(s):  
S.L. Kimaru ◽  
D.C. Kilalo ◽  
J.W. Kimenju ◽  
W.M. Muiru
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Field Samples

Abstract. The African nightshades (ANS) have been part of the food systems in sub-Saharan Africa for generations. They are particularly attractive to small scale farmers because the risks of crop losses are much lower compared to the exotic vegetables. Plant viruses are economically important pathogens affecting African nightshade production. More than 200 plant viruses are reported to infest solanaceous family crops. This study was carried out to detect Potato virus Y associated with African nightshade. Symptomatic leaf samples were obtained from four agro-ecological zones in Kenya. The viral pathogens were detected using serology and molecular techniques. Laboratory experiments were carried out at the University of Nairobi and Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) from February 2017 to August, 2018. Field samples had the highest mean viral percentage frequency of 44.8% compared to greenhouse samples having 29.8% using serology methods. Molecular testing revealed that greenhouse and farm field sample were positive for the three Potato virus Y strains PVYN:O (necrotic recombinant), PVYO (ordinary) and PVYNTN (necrotic). Detection of Potato virus Y in ANS suggests that it is prevalent in the sampled regions and could cause problems to other solanaceous crops.

scholarly journals First Report of the Necrotic Strain of Potato virus Y (PVYN) on Potatoes in the Northwestern United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1177-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Crosslin ◽  
P. B. Hamm ◽  
K. C. Eastwell ◽  
R. E. Thornton ◽  
C. R. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Veinal Necrosis ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Plant Pathol

More than 50 isolates of Potato virus Y (PVY) with characteristics of strains that cause tobacco veinal necrosis (PVYN) were obtained from potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown in the northwestern United States. These isolates are being characterized at the biological and molecular levels. Isolate RR1 was obtained from leaves of potato cv. Ranger Russet showing distinct mottling and leaf deformity, which is in contrast to the leaf-drop and necrosis usually observed with ordinary strains of PVY (PVYO) in this variety. Isolate AL1 was obtained from tubers of potato cv. Alturas showing distinct internal light brown rings and blotches. When RR1 and AL1 were transmitted to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cvs. Samsun NN and 423), they caused systemic veinal necrosis, including stem and petiole lesions typical of PVYN strains (2). Symptoms induced by RR1 and AL1 on tobacco appeared 9 to 11 days after inoculation, whereas some other isolates caused delayed veinal necrosis. All isolates that produced veinal necrosis on tobacco were detectable with PVY polyclonal antisera. Potato virus X was not detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in tobacco plants showing veinal necrosis. Some isolates, including AL1, failed to react in serological tests using PVYN-specific monoclonal antibodies obtained from three commercial sources. Other isolates, including RR1, were detectable with these monoclonal antibodies. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) products obtained with primers specific for the coat protein (CP) open reading frame (ORF) were cloned and sequenced. AL1 possesses a CP more closely related to PVYO type isolates, which would account for its failure to react with PVYN monoclonal antibodies. In this regard, AL1 is similar to the PVYN-Wilga isolate (1). Other isolates that are detectable with the PVYN monoclonal antibodies possess a CP more consistent with N strains of the virus. Results of RT-PCR tests using primers derived from the P1 ORF sequence (3), and the restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing of the RT-PCR products, all suggest that AL1 and RR1 are related to European-type members of PVY tuber necrotic (NTN) or N strains. However, other isolates under investigation appear to be more closely related to previously reported North American NTN types (3). The symptomatology of these viruses on tobacco and potato, and the serological and molecular data clearly show that at least two distinct variants of PVYN have been found for the first time in a major potato production area of the United States, and pose a potential threat to the potato industry. References: (1) B. Blanco-Urgoiti et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 104:811, 1998. (2) J. A. de Bokx and H. Huttinga. Potato virus Y. Descriptions of Plant Viruses. No. 242, CMI/AAB, Surrey, England, 1981. (3) R. P. Singh et al. Can J. Plant Pathol. 20:227, 1998.

scholarly journals Potato virus Y and Potato leafroll virus management under climate change in sub-Saharan Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Krüger ◽  
Jacquie E. van der Waals
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Potato Leafroll Virus ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Leafroll Virus

Potato has increased in importance as a staple food in sub-Saharan Africa, where its production is faced with a multitude of challenges, including plant disease development and spread under changing climatic conditions. The economically most important plant viruses affecting potatoes globally are Potato virus Y (PVY) and Potato leafroll virus (PLRV). Disease management relies mostly on the use of insecticides, cultural control and seed certification schemes. A major obstacle in many sub-Saharan Africa countries is the availability of disease-free quality seed potatoes. Establishment and implementation of quality control through specialised seed production systems and certification schemes is critical to improve seed potato quality and reduce PVY and PLRV sources. Seed could be further improved by breeding virus-resistant varieties adapted to different environmental conditions combined with management measures tailored for smallholder or commercial farmers to specific agricultural requirements. Innovative technologies – including more sensitive testing, remote sensing, machine learning and predictive models – provide new tools for the management of PVY and PLRV, but require support for adoption and implementation in sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Symptom expression and accumulation of potato virus Y (PVYO) and potato leaf roll virus in thirteen potato cultivars

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Jari Valkonen ◽  
Eerik Mäkäräinen
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Systemic Necrosis ◽  
Local Lesions ◽  
Ordinary Strain ◽  
Leafroll Virus

Necrotic local lesions developed in cvs. Matilda, Ostara, Record, Satuma, Stina, Hankkija’s (Hjan) Tanu and Hjan Timo and local ring spots in Olympia and Sieglinde (Siikli) following sap inoculation with the ordinary strain of potato virus Y (PVY0). Secondarily infected cvs. Ostara, Pito, Siikli and Hjan Timo developed leaf drop. No infected progeny was produced by Matilda, Saturna and Hjan Tanu. In contrast, Bintje, Puikula and Sabina developed neither local lesions nor systemic necrosis, but showed mosaic symptoms following primary and secondary infection by PVYO. The ELISA absorbance values for potato leafroll virus (PLRV) in Ostara, Pito and Saturna were less than 10% of those in the PLRV-infected Siikli. The ELISA values for PLRV in Olympia, Stina, Hjan Tanu and Hjan Timo were not significantly different from those of Siikli. The severity of the symptoms did not correlate with the concentration of PLRV in the potatoes.

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