scholarly journals Virulence of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae on Rice Lines Containing Single Resistance Genes and Gene Combinations

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tika B. Adhikari ◽  
Ram Chandra Basnyat ◽  
T. W. Mew
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Effective Resistance ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Gene Combination ◽  
Group I ◽  
Virulence Group

Fifty isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae were collected from different rice-producing districts of Nepal and evaluated for their virulence on these 11 rice lines having from one to four resistance genes: IRBB4 (Xa4), IRBB5 (xa5), IRBB7 (Xa7), IRBB8 (xa8), IRBB10 (Xa10), IRBB14 (Xa14), and IRBB21 (Xa21), two-gene combination AY4+5 (Xa4 and xa5), three-gene combinations NH21-37-1-1 (Xa4, xa5, and xa13) and NH24-10-1-3 (Xa4, xa5, and Xa21), and four-gene combination NH56-1-44-4 (Xa4, xa5, xa13, and Xa21). The ability of an isolate to cause lesions with different lengths across the lines was interpreted as virulence. Isolates that were consistently associated with high or low virulence were statistically differentiated. Most isolates produced large lesions on near-isogenic lines with single genes and small lesions on lines with different gene combinations. Based on infection responses on the two-, three-, and four-gene combinations, five virulence groups were identified. Isolates in virulence group I were widely distributed. The line × isolate interactions were generally not significant with gene combinations, indicating a low possibility of specificity. A line with a four-gene combination, NH56, showed wider spectrum and higher level of resistance to X. oryzae pv. oryzae than the other lines. The results of this study will facilitate the deployment of effective resistance to X. oryzae pv. oryzae in Nepal.

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate Change on the Resistance of Rice Near-Isogenic Lines with Resistance Genes Against Brown Planthopper

Rice ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Hung Kuang ◽  
Yu-Fu Fang ◽  
Shau-Ching Lin ◽  
Shin-Fu Tsai ◽  
Zhi-Wei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Gene Pyramiding ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of climate change on insect resistance genes is elusive. Hence, we investigated the responses of rice near-isogenic lines (NILs) that carry resistance genes against brown planthopper (BPH) under different environmental conditions. Results We tested these NILs under three environmental settings (the atmospheric temperature with corresponding carbon dioxide at the ambient, year 2050 and year 2100) based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change prediction. Comparing between different environments, two of nine NILs that carried a single BPH-resistant gene maintained their resistance under the environmental changes, whereas two of three NILs showed gene pyramiding with two maintained BPH resistance genes despite the environmental changes. In addition, two NILs (NIL-BPH17 and NIL-BPH20) were examined in their antibiosis and antixenosis effects under these environmental changes. BPH showed different responses to these two NILs, where the inhibitory effect of NIL-BPH17 on the BPH growth and development was unaffected, while NIL-BPH20 may have lost its resistance during the environmental changes. Conclusion Our results indicate that BPH resistance genes could be affected by climate change. NIL-BPH17 has a strong inhibitory effect on BPH feeding on phloem and would be unaffected by environmental changes, while NIL-BPH20 would lose its ability during the environmental changes.

scholarly journals Development of Bacterial Spot on Near-Isogenic Lines of Bell Pepper Carrying Gene Pyramids Composed of Defeated Major Resistance Genes

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 1066-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Kousik ◽  
D. F. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Major Resistance Genes ◽  
Race 4

Disease severity caused by races 1 through 6 of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria on eight near-isogenic lines (isolines) of Early Calwonder (ECW) with three major resistance genes (Bs1, Bs2, and Bs3) in different combinations was evaluated in the greenhouse and field. Strains representing races 1, 3, 4, and 6 caused similar high levels of disease severity, followed by races 2 and 5 on susceptible ECW. Race 3 caused severe disease on all isolines lacking resistance gene Bs2. Race 4, which defeats Bs1 and Bs2, caused less disease on isoline ECW-12R (carries Bs1 + Bs2), than on isolines ECW, ECW-10R (carries Bs1), and ECW-20R (carries Bs2). Similar results were obtained with race 4 strains in field studies conducted during 1997 and 1998. In greenhouse studies, race 6, which defeats all three major genes, caused less disease on isoline ECW-13R (carries Bs1 + Bs3) and ECW-123R (carries Bs1 + Bs2 + Bs3) than on isolines ECW, ECW-10R, ECW-20R, and ECW-30R (carries Bs3), but not on ECW-23R (carries Bs2 + Bs3). In greenhouse studies with commercial hybrids, strains of races 4 and 6 caused less disease on Boynton Bell (carries Bs1 + Bs2) than on Camelot (carries no known resistance genes), King Arthur (carries Bs1), and X3R Camelot (carries Bs2). Race 6 caused less disease on hybrid R6015 (carries Bs1 + Bs2 + Bs3) and Sentinel (carries Bs1 + Bs3) than on Camelot. Residual effects were not as evident in field studies with race 6 strains. Defeated major resistance genes deployed in specific gene combinations (i.e., gene pyramids) were associated with less area under the disease progress curve than when genes were deployed individually in isolines of ECW or commercial hybrids. Successful management of bacterial spot of pepper is achieved incrementally by integrating multiple tactics. Although there is evidence of residual effects from defeated genes, these effects alone likely will not provide acceptable bacterial spot control in commercial production fields. However, when combined with sanitation practices and a judicious spray program, pyramids of defeated resistance genes may aid in reducing the risk of major losses due to bacterial spot.

A set of near-isogenic lines for blast resistance genes with an Indica-type rainfed lowland elite rice (Oryza sativa L.) genetic background

2011 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Koide ◽  
Leodegario A. Ebron ◽  
Hiroshi Kato ◽  
Hiroshi Tsunematsu ◽  
Mary Jeanie Telebanco-Yanoria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Rainfed Lowland ◽  
Blast Resistance Genes

scholarly journals Ketahanan Galur Isogenik IRBBN dan Galur Harapan Padi terhadap Patotipe Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Dominan pada Tanaman Padi di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Dini Yuliani ◽  
Untung Susanto ◽  
Sudir Sudir
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
International Rice Research Institute ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Research Institute

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The resistance genes in IRBB near isogenic lines (NILs) which was introduced from International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) have been known. It could be used as source of resistance to the dominant Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathotype in Indonesia. The purpose of this research was to evaluate IRBBN NILs and promising lines to the dominant Xoo pathotype in Indonesia i.e. pathotype III, IV, and VIII. Research was conducted at Sukamandi exprerimental field station in Subang, West Java, at dry seasons (DS) 2012 and wet seasons (WS) 2012/2013. The experiment was conducted following Factorial Randomized Completely Block Design with three replications. The first factor were three pathotype Xoo that was pathotype III, IV, and VIII, while the second factor were 20 IRBB lines, 6 promising lines, and 6 refferer varieties such as Conde, Lusi, Logawa, Java 14, Angke, dan Inpari 1. The result showed that three isogenic lines i.e. IRBB 21, IRBB 50, and IRBB 52 were resistant to Xoo pathotype III, IV, and VIII at DS 2012. At WS 2012/2013 was obtained five isogenic lines i.e. IRBB 52, IRBB 53, IRBB 54, IRBB 56, and IRBB 57 resistant to Xoo pathotype III, IV, and VIII. IRBB 52 was consistently resistant to the three Xoo pathotypes in two cropping seasons. It could be recommended to be used as donor in developing new resistant varieties to bacterial leaf blight.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Galur isogenik IRBB introduksi dari International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) telah diketahui gen ketahanannya dan dapat digunakan sebagai sumber ketahanan terhadap patotipe Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) dominan di Indonesia. Kegiatan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi ketahanan galur isogenik dan galur harapan terhadap patotipe Xoo dominan di Indonesia, yaitu patotipe III, IV, dan VIII. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sukamandi, Subang, Jawa Barat pada musim kemarau (MK) 2012 dan musim hujan (MH) 2012/2013. Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Faktorial Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah tiga patotipe Xoo, yaitu patotipe III, IV, dan VIII, sedangkan faktor kedua yaitu materi yang diuji sebanyak 20 galur IRBB, 6 galur harapan padi, dan 6 varietas pembanding, yaitu Conde, Lusi, Logawa, Java 14, Angke, dan Inpari 1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur isogenik IRBB 21, IRBB 50, dan IRBB 52 bereaksi tahan terhadap Xoo patotipe III, IV, dan VIII pada MK 2012. Pada MH 2012/2013 diperoleh lima galur isogenik IRBB 52, IRBB 53, IRBB 54, IRBB 56, dan IRBB 57 bereaksi tahan terhadap Xoo patotipe III, IV, dan VIII. Galur isogenik IRBB 52 konsisten tahan terhadap Xoo patotipe III, IV, dan VIII pada dua musim tanam. Oleh karena itu, galur tersebut dapat direkomendasikan untuk dijadikan tetua tahan untuk perakitan varietas tahan HDB.</p>

scholarly journals Development of a PCR-based Marker Set for Identifying Koshihikari Niigata BLs, Near-isogenic Lines Harboring Rice Blast Resistance Genes

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumiko Nakamura ◽  
Keitaro Suzuki ◽  
Yoshiyuki Ban ◽  
Tsuneo Nishikawa ◽  
Kunio Tokunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Rice Blast Resistance ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Blast Resistance Genes

scholarly journals Assessment of potentiality of known bacterial blight resistant genes against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae pathotypes exist in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Md. Mahbubul Haque ◽  
Md. Mostafa Masud ◽  
Md. Mokarram Hossain ◽  
Md. Mamunur Rashid ◽  
Md. Zahangir Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
R Gene ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Resistance Reaction

Bacterial blight (BB) caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzae is a destructive disease of rice and causes 30-50% losses to rice depending on the outbreak. Development BB resistant rice varieties have long been considered as one of the most effective approach to control the disease. However, the durability of host resistance is breaking down due to the change of pathotypes of X. oryzae pv. oryzae globally. Pathotypic analyses of 239 X. oryzae pv. oryzae Bangladeshi isolates on Near Isogenic Lines (NILs) containing resistance (R) gene (s) revealed the existence of eight pathotypes of X. oryzae pv. oryzae. Among eight pathotypes, pathotypes IV and V were considered as major comprising  maximum number of isolates, (30.13% and 23.01%, respectively), whereas pathotype VIII considered as minor consisting only 2.51% of total isolates. Pathotype, I showed highest virulence or aggressiveness compatible with all NILs, whereas pathotype VIII exhibited lowest virulence to these NILs. Bacterial blight resistant genes viz. Xa1 (75.00%), Xa11 (62.50%) and Xa21 (50.00%) showed resistance to most of the pathotypes while Xa4 performed worst as compared to all others R-genes. In pyramid lines, IRBBB63 (Xa5+Xa7+Xa13) and IRBB57 (Xa5+Xa7 +Xa21) showed resistance reaction and IRBB61 (Xa4+Xa5+Xa7), IRBB60 (Xa4+Xa5+Xa13+Xa21), IRBB54 (Xa5+Xa21), and IRBB53 (Xa4+Xa21) showed susceptible reaction to X. oryzae pv. oryzae pathotypes. These results collectively indicated the deployment of Xa1, Xa11, Xa4, Xa5, Xa7, Xa13 and Xa21 either alone or in combination against BB would be a best choice for the development of BB resistant rice varieties in Bangladesh.

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