scholarly journals Current Status and New Natural Hosts of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in Spain

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jordá ◽  
I. Font ◽  
P. Martínez ◽  
M. Juarez ◽  
A. Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Chenopodium Murale ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a major constraint to tomato production in Spain. This virus was observed for the first time in several tomato fields in Murcia (Spain) in the autumn of 1992 and Canary Islands in 1999. Currently the virus is prevalent along the Mediterranean coast of Spain (provinces of Málaga, Granada, Almería, Murcia, Alicante, Valencia, and Barcelona) and in the Canary Islands. Two viral species have been identified in Spain, TYLCV-Sar in 1992 and TYLCV-Is in 1997. TYLCV-Is is more severe than TYLCV-Sar and produces the greatest economic losses. Curling of leaflets, yellowing, and growth reduction are more pronounced in plants infected with TYLCV-Is than in those infected with TYLCV-Sar. In order to study the presence and behavior of both viral species in the affected area, over 1,320 tomato plants were sampled. DNA was extracted from the samples and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The degenerate primer pair for Begomovirus detection (AV494/AC1048) (2) was used to amplify the core region of the capsid protein gene. The amplified fragments were later analysed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with HaeIII enzyme to differentiate between TYLCV-Is and TYLCV-Sar species. The results showed that TYLCV-Sar (43.4%) and TYLCV-Is (56.6%) coexist in tomato crops and, in contrast with previous results (1), displacement of TYLCV-Sar for TYLCV-Is was observed. A search for the alternative hosts that may serve as virus reservoirs in areas where the virus is prevalent involved testing 210 samples of 95 species of weeds by PCR, with the same primers. The following species were found to be infected: Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E. Walker, Convolvulus sp., Cuscuta sp., Chenopodium murale L., Datura stramonium L., Dittrichia viscosa (L.) W. Greuter, Malva parviflora L., and Solanum nigrum L. This is the first reference of C. sumatrensis, Convolvulus sp., Cuscuta sp., and Ch. murale as natural hosts of TYLCV. These plants were symptomless. References: (1) S. Sanchez-Campos et al. Phytopathology 89:1038, 1999. (2) S. D. Wyatt et al. Phytopathology 86:1288, 1996.

scholarly journals Determination of the relationship between some morphological traits of the tomato lines and resistance tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Zengin ◽  
Aylin Kabaş ◽  
Hülya İlbi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Background: Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most produced and exported vegetable in Turkey. There are many pathogens to limit tomato production by reducing yield and fruit quality. Among them, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) causes important economic losses. The most efficient and environmental friendly method against TYLCV is the use of resistant varieties. In this trial, it was aimed to determine some morphological traits which were linked to Ty-1 and Ty-3a genes which confer to TYLCV. A commercial hybrid carrying Ty-1, Ty-3a genes as heterozygous was crossed to a susceptable inbred line from Bati Akdeniz Agricultural and Research Institute (BATEM). Marker assisted selection (MAS) was carried out in F 1 and F 2 generations and biological tests were done for TYLCV resistance in F 3 generation. MAS for Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes were compatible with biological tests.

scholarly journals Determination of the relationship between some morphological traits of the tomato lines and resistance tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Zengin ◽  
Aylin Kabaş ◽  
Hülya İlbi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Background: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most produced and exported vegetable in Turkey. There are many pathogens to limit tomato production by reducing yield and fruit quality. Among them, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) causes important economic losses. The most efficient and environmental friendly method against TYLCV is the use of resistant varieties. In this trial, it was aimed to determine some morphological traits which were linked to Ty-1 and Ty-3a genes which confer to TYLCV. A commercial hybrid carrying Ty-1, Ty-3a genes as heterozygous was crossed to a susceptible inbred line from Bati Akdeniz Agricultural and Research Institute (BATEM). Marker assisted selection (MAS) was carried out in F1 and F2 generations and biological tests were done for TYLCV resistance in F3 generation. MAS for Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes were compatible with biological tests. Results: In total of 95 genotypes in F3 were developed with molecular marker selection. It was determined that 30 genotypes having the Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes as homozygous resistant. The nine genotypes carried these genes in heterozygous form. 56 genotypes were identified as susceptible. The 43 morphological traits were observed in identified individuals to correlate with resistant allele, Ty-3a. Conclusions: It was found that there was statistically important correlation between Ty-3a and length of internode, length of stem at first inflorescence, status of calix, leaf attitude, length of inflorescence and plant habitus. Also there was negative correlation between fruit weight, fruit length and resistance. Therefore, we identified some morphological markers linked to Ty-3a which can be used in selection for TLYCV resistant breeding programme.

scholarly journals Relationship between some morphological traits of the tomato lines and resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 388-397
Author(s):  
Sinan ZENGIN ◽  
Aylin KABAS ◽  
Hulya ILBI
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most produced and exported vegetable in Turkey. There are many pathogens to limit tomato production by reducing yield and fruit quality. Among them, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) causes important economic losses. The most efficient and environmentally friendly method against TYLCV is the use of resistant varieties. In this trial, it was aimed to determine some morphological traits which were linked to Ty-1 and Ty-3a genes which confer to TYLCV. A commercial hybrid carrying Ty-1, Ty-3a genes as heterozygous was crossed to a susceptible inbred line from Bati Akdeniz Agricultural and Research Institute (BATEM). Marker assisted selection (MAS) was carried out in F1 and F2 generations and biological tests were done for TYLCV resistance in F3 generation. MAS for Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes were compatible with biological tests. In total of 95 genotypes in F3 were developed with molecular marker selection. It was determined that 30 genotypes having the Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes as homozygous resistant. The nine genotypes carried these genes in heterozygous form. 56 genotypes were identified as susceptible. The 43 morphological traits were observed in identified individuals to correlate with resistant allele, Ty-3a. It was found that there was statistically important correlation between Ty-3a and length of internode, length of stem at first inflorescence, status of calix, leaf attitude, length of inflorescence and plant habitus. Also, there was negative correlation between fruit weight, fruit length and resistance. Therefore, we identified some morphological markers linked to Ty-3a which can be used in selection for TLYCV resistant breeding programme.

scholarly journals Use of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) Rep Gene Sequences to Engineer TYLCV Resistance in Tomato

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yang ◽  
T. A. Sherwood ◽  
C. P. Patte ◽  
E. Hiebert ◽  
J. E. Polston
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Challenge Inoculation ◽  
Biolistic Inoculation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a member of the genus Begomovirus (family Geminiviridae), causes severe losses in tomato production in the tropics and subtropics. In order to generate engineered resistance, eight different constructs of the TYLCV replication-associated protein (Rep) and C4 gene sequences were tested in transformed tomato inbred lines. Transgenic plants were screened for resistance to TYLCV using viruliferous whiteflies. No symptoms were observed and no TYLCV genomic DNA was detected by both hybridization and polymerase chain reaction in progenies of plants transformed with three constructs. This resistance was observed in plants that contained one of the following transgenes: 2/5Rep (81 nucleotides [nt] of the intergenic region [IR] plus 426 nt of the 5′ end of the TYLCV Rep gene), Δ2/5Rep (85 nt of the IR plus 595 nt of the 5′ end of the TYLCV Rep gene in the antisense orientation), and RepΔ2/5Rep (81 nt of the IR, the entire Rep gene, and 41 nt 3′ to the end of the Rep gene fused to Δ2/5Rep). Our study differs from other transgenic Geminivirus resistance reports involving the Rep gene in that viruliferous whiteflies were used for challenge inoculation instead of agroinoculation or biolistic inoculation, and TYLCV resistance was evaluated under field conditions.

scholarly journals Diverse Regulations of Viral and Host Genes in Tomato Germplasms Responding to Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Inoculation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanyu Xiao ◽  
Xianyu Zhou ◽  
Hailong Ren ◽  
Yijia Sun ◽  
Jiwen Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Virus Inhibition ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Sense Strand ◽  
Virion Sense ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is the dominating pathogen of tomato yellow leaf curl disease that caused severe loss to tomato production in China. In this study, we found that a TYLCV-resistant tomato line drastically reduced the accumulation of viral complementary-sense strand mRNAs but just moderately inhibit that of viral DNA and virion-sense strand mRNAs. However, two other resistant lines did not have such virus inhibition pattern. Analysis of differential expressed genes showed that the potential host defense-relevant processes varied in different resistant tomatoes, as compared to the susceptible line, suggesting a diversity of tomato TYLCV-resistance mechanisms.

scholarly journals Tomato yellow leaf curl virus Can Be Acquired and Transmitted by Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) from Tomato Fruit

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1297-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Delatte ◽  
A. Dalmon ◽  
D. Rist ◽  
I. Soustrade ◽  
G. Wuster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is an insect pest causing worldwide economic losses, especially as a vector of geminiviruses such as Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). Currently, imported and exported tomato fruit are not monitored for TYLCV infection because they are not considered to represent a potential risk as a virus source for whiteflies. A survey of tomato fruit imported into Réunion Island indicated that more than 50% of the fruit contained TYLCV as determined by DNA blot analysis. Moreover, we showed that TYLCV was present at a high titer in tomato fruit, and demonstrated that it can be acquired by whiteflies and subsequently transmitted to healthy tomato plants. Potential risk of the spread of TYLCV by tomato fruit in natural conditions needs to be further assessed.

scholarly journals Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus-Is Causes a Novel Disease of Common Bean and Severe Epidemics in Tomato in Spain

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Navas-Castillo ◽  
Sonia Sánchez-Campos ◽  
Juan Antonio Díaz ◽  
Elisa Sáez-Alonso ◽  
Enrique Moriones
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
First Report ◽  
Infected Tomato ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Field surveys were conducted in the autumn of 1997 in the main tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)-growing regions of southern Spain following a severe tomato yellow leaf curl epidemic in tomato. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV)-Is was found to have spread to all regions and to coexist with TYLCV-Sr, which has been present since 1992. TYLCV-Is was also shown to be the causal agent of bean leaf crumple, a novel disease that has caused severe economic losses in fresh-market common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) crops of southern Spain since September 1997. The disease was reproduced by infecting beans with cloned TYLCV-Is obtained from infected tomato plants collected in Almería. This is the first report of bean leaf crumple disease and the first report of a geminivirus in bean from Spain.

scholarly journals The recent association of a DNA betasatellite with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Israel – A new threat to tomato production

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 104995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Gelbart ◽  
Lea Chen ◽  
Tamar Alon ◽  
Svetlana Dobrinin ◽  
Ilan Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

scholarly journals Detection of Satellite DNA Beta in Tomato Plants with Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Disease in Jordan

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Anfoka ◽  
F. Haj Ahmad ◽  
M. Altaleb ◽  
M. Al Shhab
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

In Jordan, as well as many countries in the region, tomato production is threatened by begomoviruses belonging to the tomato yellow leaf curl virus complex (1). In 2013, an experiment was conducted at Homret Al-Sahen, Jordan (GPS coordinates 32°05′06″ N, 35°38′52″ E), to evaluate different tomato breeding lines for resistance against viruses causing tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD). Disease symptoms, typical of those caused by TYLCV complex, were observed in many susceptible lines. However, some lines exhibited unusual symptoms including severe leaf curling and stunting. To identify the causal agent of these symptoms, total nucleic acids were extracted from 21 symptomatic plants and used as templates in PCR analysis using nine primers, previously described to detect Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus, and two recombinants between TYLCV and TYLCSV (3). In addition, the universal primer pair β01/β02 (2) was used to investigate the association of satDNA β with the disease. The PCR products characteristic of TYLCV (664 bp) could be amplified from five plants indicating single infection, while double infection with TYLCV and satDNA β (1,320 bp) was detected in seven plants. Mixed infection with TYLCV, TYLCSV (628 bp), and satDNA β was detected in another seven symptomatic plants and only one plant was infected with TYLCV and TYLCSV. A single plant had mixed infection with TYLCV, TYLCSV, and RecA (a recombinant between TYLCV/TYLCSV) (538 bp) (3). Amplicons obtained from two plants using β01/β02 primers were directly sequenced as 1,320-bp PCR products. Both sequences were found identical and, therefore, this sequence was deposited in the GenBank under the accession number KJ396939. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this satDNA β sequence had the highest nucleotide (95%) identity with Okra leaf curl virus (OkLCV) satDNA 3 (AF397217) and OkLCV satDNA 10 (AF397215). The contribution of the satDNA β in the modulation of the TYLCD symptoms will be further investigated. Few years ago, another satDNA (Tomβ01-Om) was reported in Oman to be associated with TYLCD (4). However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the detection of satDNA β in tomato plants infected with viruses causing TYLCD in Jordan. The increasing diversity of begomoviruses causing TYLCD in the region is of great concern due to the possible emergence of more virulent viruses and subsequent increased losses to tomato production. References: (1) G. Anfoka et al. J. Plant Pathol. 90:311, 2008. (2) R. W. Briddon and J. Stanley. Virology 344:198, 2006. (3) S. Davino et al. Virus Res. 143:15, 2009. (4) A. J. Khan et al. Virus Gene 36:169, 2008.

scholarly journals First Report of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus in Réunion Island

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Peterschmitt ◽  
M. Granier ◽  
R. Mekdoud ◽  
A. Dalmon ◽  
O. Gambin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Degenerate Primers ◽  
Capsid Protein Gene ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

In September 1997, stunting, reduced leaf size, leaf curling, and yellow margins were observed on tomato plants on a farm on the south coast of Réunion, a French island belonging to the Mascarenes archipelago. To our knowledge, these symptoms appeared to be characteristic of a tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) infection. Diseased plants gave positive reactions with a triple antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA), using ADGEN antibodies specific for begomoviruses (1). The serological results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a pair of degenerate primers—MP16, 5′-CCTCTAGATAATATTAC(C/T)(G/T)(G/A)(A/T)(T/G)G(G/A)CC-3′ and MP82, 5′-CGGAATTC(T/C)TGNAC(C/T)TT(G/A)CANGGNCC(T/C)T C(G/A)CA-3′—designed by Malla Padidam (ILTAB, San Diego, CA) to amplify a region of the A component of begomoviruses, between the intergenic conserved nonanucleotide sequence (TAATATTAC) and the first 5′ quarter of the capsid protein gene. A 500-bp PCR product was obtained from a symptomatic plant but not from a healthy looking one. After cloning the PCR product in a pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega, Madison, WI) and sequencing it with plasmid-specific primers (SP6, T7), the sequence was compared with the sequences of the NCBI data base, with the use of BLAST. Nineteen sequences among those producing the highest scoring segment pairs were compared with each other and with the 500-bp PCR product from Réunion by the Clustal method of MegAlign (DNASTAR, London). The Réunion sequence (AJ010790) was at least 94% similar to sequences of TYLCV isolates from the Dominican Republic (AF024715), Cuba (AJ223505), and Israel (X15656, X76319 for the mild clone). Based on these results, it appeared that the analyzed tomato plant was infected by a geminivirus isolate belonging to the Israeli species of TYLCV. A preliminary survey was carried out from December 1997 to April 1998 in both outdoor and protected tomato crops. Infected plants were detected by TAS-ELISA in 52 of the 123 locations visited. Severe economic losses were observed: 14 locations with 60 to 100% yield reduction and 11 locations with 40 to 60% yield reduction. All the infected samples were collected in the leeward coast, which is the driest region of the island. Although Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has been recorded since 1938 in Réunion (2), it has been observed on tomato crops only since 1997 and population levels were low compared with those of Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood. During the first six months of 1998, B. tabaci was found on Euphorbia heterophylla L., Lantana camara L., Solanum melongena L., S. nigrum L., and Phaseolus vulgaris L. These host plants often occur near infected tomato crops. References: (1) S. Macintosh et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 121:297, 1992. (2) L. Russell and J. Etienne. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 87:202, 1985.

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