scholarly journals Characterization of Iris yellow spot virus from Onion in Arizona

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanu Pappu ◽  
Michael Matheron
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Iris Yellow Spot Virus ◽  
Yellow Spot ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Spot Virus ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Iris yellow spot virus is an economically important pathogen affecting both bulb and seed onion crops in the US and several parts of the world. In January 2008, two commercial onion fields in Yuma County, Arizona, had plants with symptoms suggestive of IYSV infection. IYSV infection was confirmed by ELISA, and the virus infection was further verified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Accepted for publication 29 May 2008. Published 11 July 2008.

scholarly journals A One-Step Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction System for the Simultaneous Detection and Identification of Multiple Tospovirus Infections

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Uga ◽  
Shinya Tsuda
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Yellow Spot ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Spot Virus ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
One Step ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A one-step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method has been developed for the simultaneous detection and identification of multiple tospoviruses that infect plants. The RT-PCR system is composed of six primers in a single tube: a universal degenerate primer and five virus species-specific primers. Amplifications resulted in an 848-bp PCR product for Watermelon silver mottle virus, 709-bp for Tomato spotted wilt virus, 589-bp for Impatiens necrotic spot virus, 511-bp for Melon yellow spot virus, and a 459-bp amplicon for Iris yellow spot virus. This system enables the simultaneous detection of at least three types of tospovirus infections, in addition to their species identities, from five possible tospoviruses studied, on the basis of their S RNA combinations. This multiplex RT-PCR system was applied to the detection of tospovirus in ornamental crops cultivated in fields and shows potential for epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning and Characterization of the HOS1 Gene from ‘Muscat Hamburg’ Grapevine

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitao Li ◽  
Nian Wang ◽  
Lina Wang ◽  
Haiping Xin ◽  
Shaohua Li
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The World ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

Cold stress is an important factor that limits grape (Vitis sp.) production around the world. The high expression of osmotically responsive genes 1 (HOS1) protein acts as a repressor of cold-responsive genes in plants. To increase understanding of mechanism regulating cold tolerance in grape, we isolated and characterized a novel HOS1 gene, designated VvHOS1 from ‘Muscat Hamburg’ grapevine (Vitis vinifera). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed that the expression of VvHOS1 could be induced by the application of exogenous abscisic acid and various abiotic environmental conditions such as low temperature, drought, and salinity. Moreover, VvHOS1 expression could also be induced by cold plus drought conditions (4 °C, 10% polyethylene glycol 6000). In addition, overexpression of VvHOS1 in arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) decreased the plants’ tolerance to cold, drought, and salt as well as negatively regulated the expression level of two stress-responsive genes, AtRD29A and AtCOR47. The results obtained in this study should help us to elucidate the function of VvHOS1 and understand the cold-responsive pathway in grapevine.

scholarly journals Importance of Transplanted Onions Contributing to Late-Season Iris yellow spot virus Epidemics in New York

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
pp. 1264-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Leach ◽  
Marc Fuchs ◽  
Riley Harding ◽  
Rebecca Schmidt-Jeffris ◽  
Brian A. Nault
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Iris Yellow Spot Virus ◽  
Yellow Spot ◽  
Onion Thrips ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Spot Virus ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) is an economically significant tospovirus of onion transmitted by onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman). IYSV epidemics in onion fields are common in New York; however, the role of various habitats contributing to viruliferous onion thrips populations and IYSV epidemics is not known. In a 2-year field study in New York, the abundance of dispersing onion thrips, including those determined to be viruliferous via reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, was recorded in habitats known to harbor both IYSV and its vector. Results showed that viruliferous thrips were encountered in all habitats; however, transplanted onion sites accounted for 49 to 51% of the total estimated numbers of viruliferous thrips. During early to midseason, transplanted onion sites had 9 to 11 times more viruliferous thrips than the other habitats. These results indicate that transplanted onion fields are the most important habitat for generating IYSV epidemics in all onion fields (transplanted and direct-seeded) in New York. Our findings suggest that onion growers should control onion thrips in transplanted fields early in the season to minimize risk of IYSV epidemics later in the season.

Characterization of Giardia duodenalis by polymerase-chain-reaction fingerprinting

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 707-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wieger L. Homan ◽  
Margriet Gilsing ◽  
Hafida Bentala ◽  
Louis Limper ◽  
Frans van Knapen
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Rhodococcus equi Infections in Goats: Characterization of Virulence Plasmids

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren W. Stranahan ◽  
Quinci D. Plumlee ◽  
Sara D. Lawhon ◽  
Noah D. Cohen ◽  
Laura K. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Rhodococcus Equi ◽  
Caseous Lymphadenitis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Disseminated Infection ◽  
Virulence Plasmids ◽  
Visceral Organs ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Rhodococcus equi is an uncommon cause of systemic pyogranulomatous infections in goats with macroscopic similarities to caseous lymphadenitis caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Caprine cases have previously been reported to be caused by avirulent R. equi strains. Six cases of R. equi infection in goats yielding 8 R. equi isolates were identified from 2000 to 2017. Lesions varied from bronchopneumonia, vertebral and humeral osteomyelitis, and subcutaneous abscesses, to disseminated infection involving the lungs, lymph nodes, and multiple visceral organs. Isolates of R. equi from infected goats were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for R. equi virulence-associated plasmid ( vap) genes. Seven of 8 isolates carried the VapN plasmid, originally characterized in bovine isolates, while 1 isolate lacked virulence plasmids and was classified as avirulent. The VapN plasmid has not been described in isolates cultured from goats.

Molecular characterization of canine parvovirus in Brazil by polymerase chain reaction assay

2000 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar A.D Pereira ◽  
Telma A Monezi ◽  
Dolores U Mehnert ◽  
Magali D’Angelo ◽  
Edison L Durigon
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain
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