Camelina Infected by Downy Mildew (Hyaloperonospora camelinae) in the Western United States: A First Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melodie L. Putnam ◽  
Maryna Serdani ◽  
Daryl Ehrensing ◽  
Marc Curtis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Western Usa ◽  
First Report ◽  
Hyaloperonospora Parasitica ◽  
First Time

Downy mildew on camelina previously has been reported in Minnesota, where it was identified as Peronospora camelinae (now Hyaloperonospora camelinae), although no supporting evidence was given. In Montana, a downy mildew on camelina was identified as P. parasitica (now Hyaloperonospora parasitica). To our knowledge, this report marks the first time H. camelinae has been confirmed in the western USA. Accepted for publication 23 July 2009. Published 10 September 2009.

First Report of Powdery Mildew of Magnolia Caused by Microsphaera magnifica (Erysiphe magnifica) in the Pacific Northwest

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Dean A. Glawe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Western United States ◽  
First Report ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
First Finding ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
First Time

Magnolia liliiflora Desrousseaux in Lamarck (orthographic variant: M. liliiflora), a species thought to have originated in China (3), is used as a landscape plant in North America. In August 2002, Microsphaera magnifica U. Braun was collected from three plants of M. liliiflora in the Magnolia collection at the Washington Park Arboretum, University of Washington, Seattle. This report documents for the first time a powdery mildew disease of a Magnolia species in the Pacific Northwest, and the first finding of M. magnifica in the western United States. Accepted for publication 14 April 2003. Published 12 May 2003.

scholarly journals First Report of Wisteria vein mosaic virus in Wisteria sinensis in the United States of America

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayapati A. Naidu ◽  
Gandhi Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
First Report ◽  
Woody Perennial ◽  
Wisteria Sinensis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Wisteria Vein Mosaic Virus

The ornamental Chinese wisteria (Wisteria sinensis) is a woody perennial grown for its flowering habit in home gardens and landscape settings. In this brief, the occurrence of Wisteria vein mosaic virus (WVMV) was reported for the first time in Chinese wisteria in the United States of America. Accepted for publication 18 June 2008. Published 18 August 2008.

scholarly journals First Report of Impatiens Downy Mildew Outbreaks Caused by Plasmopara obducens Throughout the Hawai'ian Islands

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 696-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Crouch ◽  
M. P. Ko ◽  
J. M. McKemy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
The United States ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Voucher Specimen ◽  
First Report ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
Impatiens Walleriana

Downy mildew of impatiens (Impatiens walleriana Hook.f.) was first reported from the continental United States in 2004. In 2011 to 2012, severe and widespread outbreaks were documented across the United States mainland, resulting in considerable economic losses. On May 5, 2013, downy mildew disease symptoms were observed from I. walleriana ‘Super Elfin’ at a retail nursery in Mililani, on the Hawai'ian island of Oahu. Throughout May and June 2013, additional sightings of the disease were documented from the islands of Oahu, Kauai, Maui, and Hawai'i from nurseries, home gardens, and botanical park and landscape plantings. Symptoms of infected plants initially showed downward leaf curl, followed by a stippled chlorotic appearance on the adaxial leaf surfaces. Abaxial leaf surfaces were covered with a layer of white mycelia. Affected plants exhibited defoliation, flower drop, and stem rot as the disease progressed. Based on morphological and molecular data, the organism was identified as Plasmopara obducens (J. Schröt.) J. Schröt. Microscopic observation disclosed coenocytic mycelium and hyaline, thin-walled, tree-like (monopodial branches), straight, 94.0 to 300.0 × 3.2 to 10.8 μm sporangiophores. Ovoid, hyaline sporangia measuring 11.0 to 14.6 × 12.2 to 16.2 (average 13.2 × 14.7) μm were borne on sterigma tips of rigid branchlets (8.0 to 15.0 μm) at right angle to the main axis of the sporangiophores (1,3). Molecular identification of the pathogen was conducted by removing hyphae from the surface of three heavily infected leaves using sterile tweezers, then extracting DNA using the QIAGEN Plant DNA kit (QIAGEN, Gaithersburg, MD). The nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer was sequenced from each of the three samples bidirectionally from Illustra EXOStar (GE Healthcare, Piscataway, NJ) purified amplicon generated from primers ITS1-O and LR-0R (4). Resultant sequences (GenBank KF366378 to 80) shared 99 to 100% nucleotide identity with P. obducens accession DQ665666 (4). A voucher specimen (BPI892676) was deposited in the U.S. National Fungus Collections, Beltsville, MD. Pathogenicity tests were performed by spraying 6-week-old impatiens plants (I. walleriana var. Super Elfin) grown singly in 4-inch pots with a suspension of 1 × 104 P. obducens sporangia/ml until runoff using a handheld atomizer. Control plants were sprayed with distilled water. The plants were kept in high humidity by covering with black plastic bags for 48 h at 20°C, and then maintained in the greenhouse (night/day temperature of 20/24°C). The first symptoms (downward curling and chlorotic stippling of leaves) and sporulation of the pathogen on under-leaf surfaces of the inoculated plants appeared at 10 days and 21 days after inoculation, respectively. Control plants remained healthy. Morphological features and measurements matched those of the original inoculum, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of downy mildew on I. walleriana in Hawai'i (2). The disease appears to be widespread throughout the islands and is likely to cause considerable losses in Hawai'ian landscapes and production settings. References: (1) O. Constantinescu. Mycologia 83:473, 1991. (2) D. F. Farr and A. Y. Rossman. Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. Retrieved from http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/ July 16, 2013. (3) P. A. Saccardo. Syllogue Fungorum 7:242, 1888. (4) M. Thines. Fungal Genet Biol 44:199, 2007.

scholarly journals First Report of Downy Mildew Caused by Hyaloperonospora parasitica on Siberian Kale in Kentucky

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1057
Author(s):  
B. Amsden ◽  
K. Kwiatkowski ◽  
E. Dixon ◽  
T. Thompson ◽  
M. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
First Report ◽  
Hyaloperonospora Parasitica

scholarly journals First Report of Downy Mildew Caused by Plasmopara obducens on Impatiens in California

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 909-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Wegulo ◽  
S. T. Koike ◽  
M. Vilchez ◽  
P. Santos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Single Type ◽  
First Report ◽  
Commercial Grower ◽  
Impatiens Walleriana

During February 2004, diseased double impatiens (Impatiens walleriana) plants were received from a commercial grower in southern California. The upper surfaces of symptomatic leaves were pale yellow with no distinct lesions. Diseased leaves later wilted, and severely affected leaves abscised from the stem. At the nursery, only double impatiens plants in the Fiesta series were infected, and some cultivars were more heavily infected than others. Disease incidence in cv. Sparkler Hot pink was nearly 100%. The interior of infected leaves was colonized by coenocytic mycelium. A conspicuous white growth was observed only on the underside of leaves. Sporangiophores were hyaline, thin walled, emergent from stomata, and had slightly swollen bases. Sporangiophore branching was distinctly monopodial. Smaller sporangiophore branches were arranged at right angles to the supporting branches, and tips of branches measured 8 to 14 μm long. Sporangia were ovoid and hyaline with a single pore on the distal ends. Distal ends of sporangia were predominantly flat but occasionally had a slight papilla. Short pedicels were present on the attached ends. Sporangia measured 19.4 to 22.2 (-25.0) μm × 13.9 to 16.7 (-19.4) μm. Oospores were not observed in leaf tissue. On the basis of symptoms and morphology of the organism, the pathogen was identified as Plasmopara obducens J. Schröt. Pathogenicity tests were done on double type cvs. Fiesta, Tioga Red, and Tioga Cherry Red and on single type cvs. Cajun Watermelon and Accent Lilac. Plants were spray inoculated with sporangiospore suspensions (1 × 104 sporangiospores per milliliter), incubated for 24 h in a dew chamber (18 to 20°C), and then maintained in a greenhouse (22 to 24°C). Symptoms and signs of downy mildew developed after 12 days only on inoculated cv. Fiesta plants, and the pathogen morphology matched that of the originally observed pathogen. Nontreated control plants did not develop downy mildew. To our knowledge, this is the first report of downy mildew on impatiens in California. P. obducens is one of two causal agents of downy mildew of impatiens (2,4). The other pathogen, Bremiella sphaerosperma, has dichotomous sporangiophore branching and causes lesions with well-defined margins (2,4). In the United States, the disease has been recorded in the eastern and northeastern states and in Indiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, and Wisconsin (3). In Canada, the disease has been recorded in Manitoba and Quebec (1). References: (1) I. L. Conners. An Annotated Index of Plant Diseases in Canada and Fungi Recorded on Plants in Alaska, Canada, and Greenland. Research Branch, Canada Department of Agriculture, Publication 1251, 1967. (2) O. Constantinescu. Mycologia 83:473, 1991. (3) D. F. Farr et al. Fungi on Plants and Plant Products in the United States. The American Phytopathological Society, 1989. (4) G. W. Wilson. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34:387, 1907.

First Report of Hibiscus latent Fort Pierce virus in New Mexico

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean E. Allen ◽  
Ivanka Kamenova ◽  
Scott Adkins ◽  
Stephen F. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Western United States ◽  
First Report ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Chlorotic Mottling

During the summer of 2003, foliar symptoms including chlorotic spots and chlorotic mottling were observed on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and H. syriacus plants in and around Las Cruces, NM. Detection of Hibiscus latent Fort Pierce virus (HLFPV) in numerous samples suggests that it may be widely distributed in New Mexico, as is the case in Florida and Thailand. Movement of ornamental plants could increase the geographic distribution of HLFPV. This represents the first report of HLFPV in the western United States. Accepted for publication 22 November 2004. Published 5 January 2005.

First Report of Twig Canker of Blueberry Caused by Sporocadus lichenicola (Corda) in Oregon

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Maryna Serdani ◽  
Marc Curtis ◽  
Melodie L. Putnam
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Western United States ◽  
First Report ◽  
Stem Cankers

To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. lichenicola causing stem cankers of blueberry in the western United States. Accepted for publication 15 December 2009. Published 15 March 2010.

FIVE UNUSUAL GENERA OF NEW WORLD SCARABAEIDAE (COLEOPTERA)

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1463-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Howden
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New World ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
First Time

AbstractFive genera, Annegialia new genus, Bdelyropsis Pereira, Vulcano, and Martinez, Callosides new genus, Fossocarus Howden, and Scarabaeinus Silvestri, are discussed. Four are monotypic, Annegialia ataeniformis n. sp. from the western United States, Callosides campbelli n. sp. from Colombia, Fossocarus creoleorum Howden from the southern United States, and Scarabaeinus termitophilus Silvestri from Brazil. In the last two genera, the male of Fossocarus is described for the first time, and in Scarabaeinus information on the range and host is given. A second species of Bdelyropsis, newtoni n. sp., is described from Veracruz, Mexico, and a brief discussion of B. bowditchi (Paulian) is included.

scholarly journals First Report of Pseudoperonospora cubensis Causing Downy Mildew on Momordica balsamina and M. charantia in North Carolina

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1279-1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Wallace ◽  
M. Adams ◽  
K. Ivors ◽  
P. S. Ojiambo ◽  
L. M. Quesada-Ocampo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pseudoperonospora Cubensis ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
First Report ◽  
C Cycle

Momordica balsamina (balsam apple) and M. charantia L. (bitter melon/bitter gourd/balsam pear) commonly grow in the wild in Africa and Asia; bitter melon is also cultivated for food and medicinal purposes in Asia (1). In the United States, these cucurbits grow as weeds or ornamentals. Both species are found in southern states and bitter melon is also found in Pennsylvania and Connecticut (3). Cucurbit downy mildew (CDM), caused by the oomycete Pseudoperonospora cubensis, was observed on bitter melon and balsam apple between August and October of 2013 in six North Carolina sentinel plots belonging to the CDM ipmPIPE program (2). Plots were located at research stations in Johnston, Sampson, Lenoir, Henderson, Rowan, and Haywood counties, and contained six different commercial cucurbit species including cucumbers, melons, and squashes in addition to the Momordica spp. Leaves with symptoms typical of CDM were collected from the Momordica spp. and symptoms varied from irregular chlorotic lesions to circular lesions with chlorotic halos on the adaxial leaf surface. Sporulation on the abaxial side of the leaves was observed and a compound microscope revealed sporangiophores (180 to 200 μm height) bearing lemon-shaped, dark sporangia (20 to 35 × 10 to 20 μm diameter) with papilla on one end. Genomic DNA was extracted from lesions and regions of the NADH dehydrogynase subunit 1 (Nad1), NADH dehydrogynase subunit 5 (Nad5), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal RNA genes were amplified and sequenced (4). BLAST analysis revealed 100% identity to P. cubensis Nad1 (HQ636552.1, HQ636551.1), Nad5 (HQ636556.1), and ITS (HQ636491.1) sequences in GenBank. Sequences from a downy mildew isolate from each Momordica spp. were deposited in GenBank as accession nos. KJ496339 through 44. To further confirm host susceptibility, vein junctions on the abaxial leaf surface of five detached leaves of lab-grown balsam apple and bitter melon were either inoculated with a sporangia suspension (10 μl, 104 sporangia/ml) of a P. cubensis isolate from Cucumis sativus (‘Vlaspik' cucumber), or with water as a control. Inoculated leaves were placed in humidity chambers to promote infection and incubated using a 12-h light (21°C) and dark (18°C) cycle. Seven days post inoculation, CDM symptoms and sporulation were observed on inoculated balsam apple and bitter melon leaves. P. cubensis has been reported as a pathogen of both hosts in Iowa (5). To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. cubensis infecting these Momordica spp. in NC in the field. Identifying these Momordica spp. as hosts for P. cubensis is important since these cucurbits may serve as a source of CDM inoculum and potentially an overwintering mechanism for P. cubensis. Further research is needed to establish the role of non-commercial cucurbits in the yearly CDM epidemic, which will aid the efforts of the CDM ipmPIPE to predict disease outbreaks. References: (1) L. K. Bharathi and K. J. John. Momordica Genus in Asia-An Overview. Springer, New Delhi, India, 2013. (2) P. S. Ojiambo et al. Plant Health Prog. doi:10.1094/PHP-2011-0411-01-RV, 2011. (3) PLANTS Database. Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA. Retrieved from http://plants.usda.gov/ , 7 February 2014. (4) L. M. Quesada-Ocampo et al. Plant Dis. 96:1459, 2012. (5) USDA. Index of Plant Disease in the United States. Agricultural Handbook 165, 1960.

scholarly journals First Report of Fusarium temperatum in Diseased Sweet Corn Ears in the Western United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 2527-2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Ridout ◽  
G. Newcombe ◽  
B. Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Western United States ◽  
First Report ◽  
Fusarium Temperatum
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