The effect of low level laser in the growth and biological activities of bitter melon

Applying laser technology to the growth of plants to limit the use of chemical fertilizers is an interesting topic in agriculture. The main idea is to preserve the environment, ensuring product quality while still achieving high productivity, we decided to carry out this research project, to investigate the effect of the low-level laser (the wavelengths 532nm, 850nm, and 940nm) on stems and leaf development. It is expected that with these research results, the implementation method will be widely disseminated in the high agricultural sector, coming closer to farmers. Moreover, the results of the analysis of the composition of bitter melon stems and leaves will be applied in medical treatment (such as diabetes, wound treatment, anti-oxidation, anti-bacteria ...)

Saline Water Impact on Water Use Efficiency of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L) Using Drip Irrigation

Water shortage is a real problem in many parts of the world and finding alternative solutions such as the application of saline water in cropping systems is highly appreciated. Research on drip irrigation and soil salinity is still inadequate, and their effect on crop yield and water use efficiency (WUE) is a huge challenge for small farmers. The present study was conducted in Malir, a semiarid region in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The purpose was to estimate the effects of two different qualities of irrigation water including fresh quality water (IT1 0.56 dS m−1) and saline groundwater (IT2 2.89 dS m−1) on WUE using drip irrigation technology in 2018–19. The experimental design was complete randomized block design (RCBD) with two treatments of irrigation: (1) freshwater (IT1) with 0.56 dS m−1 electrical conductivity and (2) saline water (IT2) with 2.89 dS m−1 electrical conductivity. The average biomass and crop yield under IT1 were 10.2 t.ha−1 and 7.4 t.ha−1, respectively, and were found higher than those under IT2 (7.3 t−1 and 4.2 t.ha−1, respectively). Hence, both the treatments remained equally effective in season 1 as compared to season 2 ( p ≤ 0.05 ). The WUE of bitter melon under IT1 was 1.60 and 1.56 kg.m−3 in seasons 1 and 2, respectively, and was higher than those under IT2 which were observed 1.21 and 1.07 kg.m−3 in seasons 1 and 2, respectively.

Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pare (Momordica charantia L.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923

Bitter gourd as a traditional medicine has a chemical content in its leaves that are useful as antimicrobials and as antioxidants. According to research by Tessa Undap, 2017 shows that bitter melon leaves have an inhibitory power against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by inhibiting protein synthesis. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of bitter melon leaf extract (Momordica charantia L.). The research method used in this study is the disc diffusion method. Data was collected by measuring the diameter of the clear zone formed in each treatment. The antibacterial results showed that the 9% extract concentration had the highest inhibitory power.Keywords: Antibacterial, Pare Leaf Extract, Granules, Staphylococcus aureus. AbstrakTanaman pare sebagai obat tradisional memiliki kandungan kimia dalam daunnya yang bermanfaat sebagai antimikroba dan sebagai antioksidan. Menurut penelitian oleh Tessa Undap, 2017 menunjukkan bahwa daun pare mempunyai daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan cara menghambat sintesis protein. Adanya kandungan flavonoid dalam daun pare dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yang dapat mengkoagulasi protein pada sel bakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri yang terkandung dalam ekstrak daun pare (Momordica charantia L.). Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode difusi cakram disk. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara mengukur diameter zona bening yang terbentuk pada setiap perlakuan. Hasil antibakteri yaitu menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak 9% mempunyai daya hambat paling tinggi.Kata kunci: Antibakteri, Ekstrak Daun Pare, Granul, Staphylococcus aureus.

Pengembangan dan Sosialisasi Aplikasi E-Commers Parea di KUBE Sekar Muria Hadipolo Kudus

Hadipolo Village is one of the villages in Jekulo District, Kudus Regency. In this village there are several bitter melon farmers who process it into snacks that are nutritious and very beneficial for health. So far, the marketing process for bitter melon chips is still done traditionally so that sales of bitter gourd chips are not optimal in quantity and the range of promotions is still limited around the city of Kudus, although there are some requests from outside the city but the numbers are still large. still a little because of lack of promotion. The purpose of this community service is to develop and socialize e-commerce applications which are expected to help and increase the income and welfare of the bitter melon chip craftsmen in Hadipolo Village. With a specific target in the use of Pare e-commerce, namely increasing the marketing quantity of bitter gourd chips by expanding the marketing area by promoting the results of bitter melon chips through e-commerce so that they can reach a wider market. Pare e-commerce is an e-commerce used by Kube Pare chips in developing and marketing products from Pare chips. The way this system works is by conducting online buying and selling transactions, so that the marketing area is also wider. Abstrak Desa Hadipolo merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Jekulo Kabupaten Kudus. Di desa ini terdapat beberapa petani pare yang mengolahnya menjadi makanan ringan yang berkhasiat dan sangat bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Selama ini proses pemasaran keripik pare masih dilakukan secara tradisional sehingga penjualan keripik pare secara kuantitas belum maksimal dan jangkauan promosi masih terbatas di sekitar kota Kudus, walaupun ada beberapa permintaan dari luar kota namun jumlahnya masih banyak. masih sedikit karena kurang promosi. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk pengembangan dan sosialisasi aplikasi e-commerce yang diharapkan dapat membantu dan meningkatkan pendapatan, kesejahteraan para pengrajin keripik pare di Desa Hadipolo. Dengan target khusus dalam penggunaan e-commerce Parea yaitu meningkatkan kuantitas pemasaran keripik pare dengan memperluas wilayah pemasaran dengan mempromosikan hasil keripik pare melalui e-commerce sehingga dapat menjangkau pasar yang lebih luas. E-commerce Parea merupakan e-commerce yang digunakan Kube keripik pare dalam mengembangkan dan memasarkan produk dari keripik Pare tersebut. Cara kerjanya dari sistem tersebut adalah dengan melakukan transaksi jual beli secara online, agar wilayah pemasaran juga semakin luas.

Physicochemical characterization, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of bitter melon

ABSTRACT The bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is an exotic fruit that has adapted very well to the Brazilian soils, and can be found on practically all regions. Several advantages related to consumption of this fruit can be reported, highlighting its antifungal activity, reduction of glycemic indexes, and also due to the content of natural pigments, such as lycopene and β-carotene, making it promising as a functional food. Based on the demand for foods of this nature, this research aimed at the biometric characterization, physicochemical, bioactive compounds and the pulp and seeds’ antioxidant capacity of bitter melon, collected in the southwest region of Goias. The fruits were collected from plants inside a native vegetation area on Campus Rio Verde at the Instituto Federal Goiano, and the evaluations were carried out from October 2020 to April 2021. The fruits showed high variability in dimensions and weight, high concentrations of flavonoids, tannins, carotenoids, total phenolics and antioxidant capacity. According to results, the bitter melon can be used as a raw material to develop food formulations with functional characteristics and drugs potentially effective in the treatment of diabetes and diseases caused by oxidative processes.

Subcronic Toxicity Effect of Ethanol Extract of Bitter Melon Fruit (Momordica charantia L.) on Kidney Function and Histopathological Changes in Wistar Rat

Bitter melon is a fruit that was famous for its bitter taste and contains chemical compounds that are proven to have effects such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant. One of the prerequisites of a plant to be developed into a drug that is by testing the subchronic toxicity. This study goal to determine the presence of toxic effects that are not detected in the acute toxicity test. A total of 40 wistar rats were divided into group control and 3 treatment groups. Each group consisted of 5 male rats and female rats. Group 1 (control) is only given food (pellets) and drinking water. Group 2, 3 and 4 groups were given ethanol extract of bitter melon pulp (Momordica charantia L.) with multilevels doses 250 mg/kgbw, 500 mg/kgbw, and 1000 mg/kgbw. The observations made for 28 days included the number of death animals, relative organ weight (ROW), ureum, creatinine levels and histopatological changes in kidney. There were no deaths in the entire group, decreasing ureum (p=0,022), creatinine levels (p=0,033) in male group. While in female group ureum decrease not significantly (0.878) and creatinine (0.845). There were no significant changes in ROW (p=0,370 and p=0,394), but there were changes in microscopic structure. In conclusion ethanol extract of bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia L.) at a of 250 mg/kgbw, 500 mg/kgbw, and 1000 mg/kgbw does not showed any toxic effects on kidney function and relative organ weight. But microscopically, the administration of ethanol extract of bitter melon fruit caused a toxic effect on the kidney tubules in both male and female groups. Keywords: Momordica charantia L., sub chronic toxicity, ureum, creatinine, histopathological change