scholarly journals Dietary zinc deficiency affects blood linoleic acid:dihomo‐γ‐linolenic acid ratio: a sensitive physiological marker of zinc status in vivo ( Gallus gallus ) (1043.2)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Spenser Reed ◽  
Xia Qin ◽  
Rinat Ran‐Ressler ◽  
J Brenna ◽  
Raymond Glahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Acid Ratio

scholarly journals Dietary Zinc Deficiency Affects Blood Linoleic Acid: Dihomo-γ-linolenic Acid (LA:DGLA) Ratio; a Sensitive Physiological Marker of Zinc Status in Vivo (Gallus gallus)

Nutrients ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1164-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spenser Reed ◽  
Xia Qin ◽  
Rinat Ran-Ressler ◽  
James Brenna ◽  
Raymond Glahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Dietary Zinc

scholarly journals The Linoleic Acid: Dihomo-γ-Linolenic Acid Ratio (LA: DGLA)- an Emerging Biomarker of Zinc Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1842-1842
Author(s):  
Elad Tako
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Zn Status ◽  
And Function ◽  
Related Proteins

Abstract Objectives Assessment of erythrocyte linoleic: dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (LA: DGLA) ratio as a biomarker of Zn status, and structure and function of cecal microbiota following the consumption of a Zn-biofortified wheat diet. Methods The efficacy of the LA: DGLA ratio to predict the Zn status of subjects consuming a wheat-based diet, a representative diet of the target Zn-deficient populations, was evaluated in-vivo (Gallus gallus). Two groups (n = 15) were fed two different diets, a “high-Zn” diet (46.5 ppm Zn) and a “low-Zn” diet (32.8 ppm Zn), for 6 weeks. Dietary Zn-intake, body-weight, serum zinc, intestinal microbiome, expression of zinc related proteins, and the erythrocyte fatty acid profile were assessed (LA: DGLA ratio). Results Serum and tissues Zn concentrations were greater in the high-Zn group (P < 0.05). Duodenal expression of Zn transporters demonstrated a higher mean value in the tissues collected from the birds fed a low-Zn diet (n = 15, P < 0.05). Hepatic ∆6-desaturase expression showed a higher mean value in birds fed high-Zn diets (P < 0.05). LA: DGLA ratio was higher (P < 0.05) in the low-Zn group of birds at all-time points. Even though both groups of birds were fed Zn-deficient diets, with only 14 ppm differential in dietary Zn content, still the LA: DGLA ratio differentiated clearly between the groups, which demonstrates the sensitivity of the biomarker to change in accordance with dietary Zn intake. Conclusions Recent evidence demonstrate the potential of the LA: DGLA ratio to be used as an additional biomarker of Zn status in humans. To date, research shows that the LA: DGLA ratio corresponds to dietary Zn manipulations, both in animal model and humans. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals Updates on the Linoleic Acid: Dihomo-γ-Linolenic Acid Ratio (LA: DGLA)- as an Emerging Biomarker of Zinc Status (P24-019-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elad Tako
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
World Health ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Zn Status

Abstract Objectives Zinc (Zn) deficiency is affecting 17% of the world's population. Although whole blood, plasma, and urine Zn decrease in severe Zn deficiency, accurate assessment of Zn status is difficult. Hence, as suggested by the World Health Organization, sensitive and specific biomarkers of Zn status are needed. Previously, we suggested the concept of the essential role of Zn for ∆6-desaturase activity. For the first time, we tested and implemented a previously unexplored biomarker of Zn status related to erythrocyte ∆6-desaturation, the LA: DGLA (linoleic acid: dihomo-γ-linolenic acid) ratio. We evaluated the sensitivity of the erythrocyte LA: DGLA ratio to changes in supplemental Zn intake. A significant negative correlation was found between dietary Zn deficiency and the LA: DGLA ratio. Our objective is to provide further and recent evidence to demonstrate that the LA: DGLA ratio is a useful and effective biomarker to assess Zn status. Methods The efficacy of the LA: DGLA ratio to predict the Zn status of subjects consuming a wheat-based diet, a representative diet of the target Zn-deficient populations, was evaluated in vivo (Gallus gallus). Two groups of birds (n = 15) were fed two different diets, a “high-Zn” diet (46.5 ppm Zn) and a “low-Zn” diet (32.8 ppm Zn), for 6 weeks. Dietary Zn intake, body weight, serum zinc, and the erythrocyte fatty acid profile were assessed. Results Serum and tissues (feather and nail) Zn concentrations were greater in the high-Zn group (P < 0.05). Duodenal expression of Zn transporters demonstrated a higher mean value in the tissues collected from the birds fed a low-Zn diet (n = 15, P < 0.05). Hepatic ∆6-desaturase expression showed a higher mean value in birds fed high-Zn diets (P < 0.05). LA: DGLA ratio was higher (P < 0.05) in the low-Zn group of birds at all-time points. Even though both groups of birds were fed Zn-deficient diets, with only 14 ppm differential in dietary Zn content, still the LA: DGLA ratio differentiated clearly between the groups, which demonstrates the sensitivity of the biomarker to change in accordance with dietary Zn intake. Conclusions Recent evidence demonstrate the potential of the LA: DGLA ratio to be used as an additional biomarker of Zn status in humans. To date, research shows that the LA: DGLA ratio corresponds to dietary Zn manipulations, both in animals and humans. Funding Sources USDA-ARS. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Use of Serum Zinc Concentration as an Indicator of Population Zinc Status

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3_suppl3) ◽  
pp. S403-S429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Y. Hess ◽  
Janet M. Peerson ◽  
Janet C. King ◽  
Kenneth H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Serum Zinc Concentration ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Intervention Trials

Assessing the prevalence and severity of zinc deficiency in populations is critical to determine the need for and appropriate targeting of zinc intervention programs and to assess their effectiveness for improving the health and well-being of high-risk populations. However, there is very little information on the zinc status of populations worldwide due to the lack of consensus on appropriate biochemical indicators of zinc status. The objective of this review was to evaluate the use of serum zinc concentration as an indicator of population zinc status. We have reviewed the response of serum zinc concentration to dietary zinc restriction and zinc supplementation. In addition, we completed pooled analyses of nine zinc intervention trials in young children to assess the relations between serum zinc concentration of individuals before treatment and their responses to zinc supplementation. Also, in updated combined analyses of previously published data, we investigated the relation between the mean initial serum zinc concentration of a study population and their mean growth responses to zinc supplementation in randomized intervention trials among children. The results from depletion/repletion studies indicate that serum zinc concentrations respond appreciably to severe dietary zinc restriction, although there is considerable interindividual variation in these responses. There is also clear evidence that both individual and population mean serum zinc concentrations increase consistently during zinc supplementation, regardless of the initial level of serum zinc concentration. By contrast, an individual's serum zinc concentration does not reliably predict that person's response to zinc supplementation. Serum zinc concentration can be considered a useful biomarker of a population's risk of zinc deficiency and response to zinc interventions, although it may not be a reliable indicator of individual zinc status.

Linoleic Acid:Dihomo-γ-Linolenic Acid Ratio Predicts the Efficacy of Zn-Biofortified Wheat in Chicken (Gallus gallus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1394-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Knez ◽  
Elad Tako ◽  
Raymond P. Glahn ◽  
Nikolai Kolba ◽  
Emma de Courcy-Ireland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Acid Ratio

scholarly journals Transcriptional regulation of ZIP genes is independent of local zinc status in Brachypodium shoots upon zinc deficiency and resupply

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahand Amini ◽  
Borjana Arsova ◽  
Sylvie Gobert ◽  
Monique Carnol ◽  
Bernard Bosman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Zip Genes

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated ω-3 fatty acids inhibit ACE2-controlled SARS-CoV-2 binding and cellular entry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Goc ◽  
Aleksandra Niedzwiecki ◽  
Matthias Rath
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Cathepsin L ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Lipid Compounds

AbstractThe strain SARS-CoV-2, newly emerged in late 2019, has been identified as the cause of COVID-19 and the pandemic declared by WHO in early 2020. Although lipids have been shown to possess antiviral efficacy, little is currently known about lipid compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding and entry properties. To address this issue, we screened, overall, 17 polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids, as wells as lipid-soluble vitamins. In performing target-based ligand screening utilizing the RBD-SARS-CoV-2 sequence, we observed that polyunsaturated fatty acids most effectively interfere with binding to hACE2, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2. Using a spike protein pseudo-virus, we also found that linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid significantly block the entry of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, eicosapentaenoic acid showed higher efficacy than linolenic acid in reducing activity of TMPRSS2 and cathepsin L proteases, but neither of the fatty acids affected their expression at the protein level. Also, neither reduction of hACE2 activity nor binding to the hACE2 receptor upon treatment with these two fatty acids was observed. Although further in vivo experiments are warranted to validate the current findings, our study provides a new insight into the role of lipids as antiviral compounds against the SARS-CoV-2 strain.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Zinc Status of Pregnant Women in the China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (CACDNS) 2015

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1375
Author(s):  
Xiao-Bing Liu ◽  
Jia-Xi Lu ◽  
Li-Juan Wang ◽  
Yi-Chun Hu ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
National Monitoring ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zinc Nutrition

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum zinc status of pregnant women in the China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (CACDNS) in 2015–2016. Methods: A total of 7147 apparently healthy pregnant women were randomly selected in 302 national monitoring sites. Information on age, race, residence region, education, pregnancy, and family income per annum was collected, and the concentration of serum zinc was determined. The evaluation of serum zinc status was further performed according to the recommendations by the International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group (IZiNCG). Results: The median concentration of serum zinc was 858.9 μg/L with an interquartile range (IQR) of 712.9 μg/L and 1048.9 μg/L, while the overall prevalence of zinc deficiency was 3.5% with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 3.0% and 3.9%. Serum zinc status of pregnant women changed greatly in the different categories, particular in pregnancy and family income per annum (p < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of zinc deficiency (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The lower prevalence of zinc deficiency generally indicated a better zinc status for pregnant women in the CACDNS in 2015–2016. However, a well-designed evaluation system of zinc status for pregnant women should be continually optimized and improved by inducing more parameters such as biochemical, dietary, or functional indicators.

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