scholarly journals Maternal HIV Infection, but not Food Insecurity, Predicts the Pattern of Weight Gain in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Services in Northern Uganda

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnabas Natamba ◽  
Sera Young ◽  
Elizabeth Widen ◽  
Shibani Ghosh ◽  
Patsy Brannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Maternal Hiv ◽  
Maternal Hiv Infection ◽  
Antenatal Services

scholarly journals Obstetric and new born outcome in HIV infected pregnant women: a prospective cohort study in Bangalore Medical College Hospitals, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4445
Author(s):  
Rashmi S. Desai ◽  
Geetha Shivamurthy ◽  
Sameer Desai
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Maternal Hiv ◽  
Maternal Hiv Infection ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Background: The effect of HIV on obstetric complications is known to vary across regions of world. The variation may be due to HIV infection per se or it may be due to complex interaction of related medical and social conditions that affect pregnancy. Incidence of these obstetric complications in HIV infected pregnant women is not well reported in India. So, this prospective cohort study was carried to observe the demographics and incidence of obstetrics complications like abortions, still birth, premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, opportunistic infections in HIV infected pregnant women.Methods: All pregnant women who were screened positive for HIV test, irrespective of their gestational age were included in the study. Apart from routine obstetric care, CD4 cell count was carried out. The patients were followed up till term, delivery and up to 6-week postpartum period. Obstetric outcomes like incidence of abortion, intrauterine death, preterm delivery and premature rupture of membrane were noted. Baby`s birth weight and the incidence of maternal opportunistic infection were noted and correlated with maternal CD4 cell count.Results: Maternal HIV infection is associated pre-term labour in 34.5%, PROM in 30%, low birth weight in 52.3%. Increased incidences of these adverse outcomes have an inverse relationship with CD4 count.Conclusions: Maternal HIV infection is associated with increased incidence of adverse obstetric outcome and opportunistic infection, and their incidences increase with lower CD4 count.

scholarly journals How do maternal HIV infection and the early nutritional environment influence the development of infants exposed to HIV in utero?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina White ◽  
Eleanor Duffley ◽  
Ute D. Feucht ◽  
Theresa Rossouw ◽  
Kristin L. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Maternal Hiv ◽  
Nutritional Environment ◽  
Maternal Hiv Infection

AbstractMalnutrition and infectious disease often coexist in socially inequitable contexts. Malnutrition in the perinatal period adversely affects offspring development and lifelong non-communicable disease risk. Less is known about the effects of infectious disease exposure during critical windows of development and health, and links between in utero HIV-exposure in the absence of neonatal infection, perinatal nutritional environments, and infant development are poorly defined. In a pilot feasibility study at Kalafong Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa, we aimed to better understand relationships between maternal HIV infection and the early nutritional environment of in utero HIV exposed uninfected (HEU) infants. We also undertook exploratory analyses to investigate relationships between food insecurity and infant development. Mother-infant dyads were recruited after delivery and followed until 12 weeks postpartum. Household food insecurity, nutrient intakes and dietary diversity scores did not differ between mothers living with or without HIV. Maternal reports of food insecurity were associated with lower maternal nutrient intakes 12 weeks postpartum, and in infants, higher brain-to-body weight ratio at birth and 12 weeks of age, and attainment of fewer large movement and play activities milestones at 12 weeks of age, irrespective of maternal HIV status. Reports of worry about food runout were associated with increased risk of stunting for HEU, but not unexposed, uninfected infants. Our findings suggest that food insecurity, in a vulnerable population, adversely affects maternal nutritional status and infant development. In utero exposure to HIV may further perpetuate these effects, which has implications for early child development and lifelong human capital.

scholarly journals Reliability and validity of an individually focused food insecurity access scale for assessing inadequate access to food among pregnant Ugandan women of mixed HIV status

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 2895-2905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnabas K Natamba ◽  
Hillary Kilama ◽  
Angela Arbach ◽  
Jane Achan ◽  
Jeffrey K Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Cognitive Interviews ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Food Insecurity Access

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the reliability, validity and correlates of measures of food insecurity (FI) obtained using an individually focused food insecurity access scale (IFIAS) among pregnant women of mixed HIV status in northern Uganda.DesignA mixed-methods study involving cognitive interviews nested within a cross-sectional survey.SettingThe antenatal care clinic of Gulu Regional Referral Hospital.SubjectsSurvey respondents included 403 pregnant women, recruited in a ratio of one HIV-infected to two HIV-uninfected respondents, twenty-six (nine of them HIV-infected) of whom were asked to participate in the cognitive interviews.ResultsOver 80 % of cognitive interview participants reported understanding the respective meanings of six of the nine items (i.e. items 4 to 9) on the IFIAS. Two main factors emerged from rotated exploratory factor analysis of the IFIAS: mild to moderate FI (IFIAS items 1–6) and severe FI (items 7–9). Together, they explained 90·4 % of the FI measure’s variance. The full IFIAS and the two subscales had moderate to high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α ranged from 0.75 to 0.87). Dose–response associations between IFIAS scores, and measures of socio-economic status and women’s diet quality, were observed. Multivariate linear regression revealed significant positive associations between IFIAS scores and HIV infection, maternal age, number of children and a history of internal displacement. IFIAS scores were negatively associated with women’s diet diversity score, asset index and being employed.ConclusionsThe IFIAS showed strong reliability, validity and contextual relevance among women attending antenatal care in northern Uganda.

The impact of maternal HIV infection on parenting in inner-city African American families.

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Kotchick ◽  
Rex Forehand ◽  
Gene Brody ◽  
Lisa Armistead ◽  
Patricia Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Inner City ◽  
African American Families ◽  
Maternal Hiv ◽  
Maternal Hiv Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
American Families

Maternal HIV infection and spontaneous versus provider-initiated preterm birth in an urban Zambian cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan T PRICE ◽  
Bellington VWALIKA ◽  
Jessie K EDWARDS ◽  
Stephen R COLE ◽  
Margaret P KASARO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Maternal Hiv ◽  
Maternal Hiv Infection

scholarly journals Causal Effect of Maternal HIV on Child Health Outcomes in the Context of Prevention of Mother to Child HIV Transmission (PMTCT) in Malawi

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima Sumayya Twabi ◽  
Samuel O Manda ◽  
Dylan S Small
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Pmtct Program ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Maternal Hiv ◽  
Maternal Hiv Infection

Abstract Evidence has shown that maternal HIV infection has adverse effects on child birth weight. However, the effect of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) on pregnancy outcome is not conclusive. Ascertaining causality of these associations remain largely unexamined and untested, and if confirmed would help policy makers to improve implementation and sensitization of PMTCT program. However, assessing causal effect has been limited due to ethical concerns if randomized controlled trials are appropriate. We aim to estimate the causal effect of maternal HIV on birth weight and the causal effect of knowledge of HIV status on exclusive breastfeeding while ascertaining the mediating effect of ART using observational data. Data on over 18,000 and 16,000 children still alive and born within five years of the 2010 and 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Surveys were analysed. A set of methods for confounder balance namely, the 1:1 nearest neighbour (NN) matching, matching on the propensity score (PS) and inverse weighting the propensity score (PS) were used. Before matching, place of residence, region, anaemia level and age were statistically different between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected mothers for both the 2010 and 2015-16 data. After matching, the selected confounding variables were distributed similarly between HIV-infection statuses. Maternal HIV infection had a negative effect on infant birth weight for the 2010 data and had a positive effect on birth weight for the 2015-16 data with p-values <0.001. Uptake of ART did not mediate the effect of HIV infection on birth weight. Maternal knowledge of HIV status was not associated with behaviour concerning exclusive breastfeeding. We have found conflicting evidence on the association between maternal HIV infection and birth weight. The adverse association between maternal HIV infection and child birth weight found for the 2010 data could more likely be causal. However, the increased birth weight among infants born to HIV infected mothers in 2015-16 may show the recent successes of policies and interventions within the PMTCT program in Malawi. However, the purported mediating effect of ART on the association between HIV infection and birth weight was not found. Prenatal care interventions should continue to be supported among ANC clinics in Malawi.

Impact of maternal HIV infection on obstetrical and early neonatal outcome

AIDS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1001-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Braddick ◽  
Joan K. Kreiss ◽  
Joanne E. Embree ◽  
Pratibha Datta ◽  
Jack O. Ndinya-Achola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Maternal Hiv ◽  
Maternal Hiv Infection
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document