Roles and origins of leukocyte lipid bodies: proteomic and ultrastructural studies

Almost all ultrastructural studies of powdery-mildew fungi have been focused on the epiparasitic fungi. In this paper, one of the endoparasitic powdery-mildew fungi, Leveillula taurica (Lev.) Arn., on green pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. angulosum Mill.) leaves was investigated by light and electron microscopy. Most germinated conidia formed a lobed adhesion body (similar to the appressorium in morphology but different in function) before stomatal invasion. The track of the adhesion body on the leaf epidermis was depressed, and no cuticular perforations were observed in it. After stomatal invasion, infection hyphae grew extensively into the intercellular spaces of the leaves and formed haustoria in the spongy- and palisade-parenchyma cells. The haustorium was flask shaped with a neck arising from the intercellular hypha. The overall profiles of the haustorium resembled those of epiphytic powdery-mildew fungi of other authors; the haustorium was composed of a nucleate central body and many anucleate lobes, and the entire structure was bounded by an extrahaustorial membrane. Papillae consisting of three distinct regions formed against the outer cell walls at the site of penetration. The most obvious alteration in infected host cells was a marked increase in the number of large lipid bodies. Lipid bodies increased in number with time after haustorial formation. They appeared first in the host cytoplasm near the extrahaustorial membrane, then in the extrahaustorial matrix and haustorial body.

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Ultrastructural Studies on Kronborgia (Platyhelminthes, Fecampiidae) - the Differentiated Vitellocyte of Kronborgia-Isopodicola Blair and Williams

Australian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1071/zo9900079 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 79 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

JB Williams

Keyword(s):

Glycogen Synthesis ◽

Lipid Bodies ◽

Yolk Granules ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

The Core ◽

Dense Bodies ◽

Cellular Autophagy ◽

Parasitic Female ◽

Myelin Figures

In the adult parasitic female form of K. isopodicola, the vitellocyte cytoplasm contains yolk platelets, lipid bodies, glycogen, myelin figures and mitochondria. The platelets consist of an outer granular zone and an opaque core. All platelets are surrounded by several membranes. Many are cloven into segments by fissures containing membranes. Frequently, small peripheral fragments of the granular zone are pared away, and the core undergoes fragmentation by the same process. Spherical dense bodies are found in the cytoplasm. During the cocoon phase, the platelets are often intricately fragmented, and many pieces are paracrystalline. In the newly deposited egg, many platelets comprise only core segments, which are typically paracrystalline, frequently polygonal, and enveloped by multiple membranes. Spherical dense bodies are not encountered at this stage. The platelets are unlike the 'yolk globules' of Digenea, but are similar to vitelline platelets described for polyclads. In morphology and mode of utilisation they bear some resemblance to yolk granules of Amphibia. The membranes are interpreted as isolating membranes of cellular autophagy. Glycogen synthesis is related to autophagic events involved in yolk degradation. The spherical bodies probably represent eggshell granules; complex shell granules, characteristic of other platyhelminths, were not observed in K. isopodicola.

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The incorporation of 3H-palmitic acid into Ornithogalum umbellatum lipotubuloids, which are a cytoplasmic domain rich in lipid bodies and microtubules. Light and EM autoradiography

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/asbp.2004.024 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 181-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Maria Kwiatkowska

Keyword(s):

Palmitic Acid ◽

Active Site ◽

Lipid Synthesis ◽

Cytoplasmic Domain ◽

Lipid Bodies ◽

Free Medium ◽

Whole Cells ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Lipid Solvent ◽

Em Autoradiography

In the ovary epidermis of Ornithogalum umbellatum L. lipotubuloids were found, i.e. distinguished cytoplasmic domain with an agglomeration of half unit membrane-surrounded lipid bodies, entwined and held together by a system of microtubules (Protoplasma 75: 345-357; 77: 473-476).Using light and EM-autoradiography with 3H-palmitic acid (25 μCi/ml) it was found that lipotubuloids were the site of intense incorporation of this isotope. After extraction of lipids with lipid solvent the lipotubuloids were not labeled. Localization of autoradiographic grains after 15-h postincubation with isotope-free medium indicated a migration of the labeled substances from the lipotubuloids to the whole cells. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated that most autoradiographic grains after 2-h incubation were localized over the site of the microtubules adjoining closely the half unit membranes of lipid bodies. These observations suggest, that the surface of lipid bodies may be the active site in lipid synthesis and involvement of the microtubules in these processes is possible.

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Ultrastructure of Cercarial Tails

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100050913 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 180-181

Author(s):

Richard S. Demaree ◽

Donald M. Wootton

Keyword(s):

Schistosoma Japonicum ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Suitable Host ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Tail Structure

Cercariae (juvenile trematodes with tails) emerge from mollusk intermediate hosts and swim toward definitive hosts or encystment objects. The locomotor power is furnished by the tail. Upon reaching a suitable host or encystment object, the tail is cast off and the cercariae penetrate and/or encyst. Ultrastructural studies of cercariae are sparse. There is even lessUltrastructural studies of cercariae are sparse. There is even less information about the tail structure; and body-to-tail morphology has been documented only for Acanthatrium oregonense and Schistosoma japonicum.

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Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy of Endomentrium in Women Wearing TCu-380-A IUD 's

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080754 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 666-667

Author(s):

A. Gonzalez Angulo ◽

R. Berlioz ◽

R. Aznar

Keyword(s):

Copper Wire ◽

Uterine Cavity ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Secretory Phase ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Proliferative Phase ◽

Contraceptive Devices ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Intrauterine Contraceptive ◽

Myelin Figure

Recent ultrastructural studies on endometrial tissues from women wearing copper, wire intrauterine devices have disclosed morphological evidence of impaired glycogen degradation and secretion resulting in interference with the viability of blastocysts. Reduced microapocrine secretion observed with the scanning electron microscope supports this (1). In addition, organelle modifications have been observed in the epithelial cells of these women. The changes are seen in biopsies taken in the proliferative phase of the cycle and consist of mitochondrial vacuolation and myelin figure formation. These modifications disappear in the secretory phase and therefore have been regarded as reversible (2).The aim of the present studies was to investigate surface epithelial changes as well as organelle modifications in relation to the site of contact with an IUD that releases greater amounts of copper. Endometrial tissue was obtained from the uterine cavity of four young women wearing TCu-380-A intrauterine contraceptive devices for 4-6 weeks.

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The Cellular Origin in Atheromatous Lesion

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010006800x ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 202-203

Author(s):

T. M. Murad ◽

H. A. I. Newman ◽

K. F. Kern

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Rabbit Aorta ◽

Mixed Population ◽

The Other ◽

Cellular Origin ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽

Show Evidence ◽

Early Lesion

The origin of lipid containing cells in atheromatous lesion has been disputed. Geer in his study on atheromatous lesions of rabbit aorta, suggested that the early lesion is composed mainly of lipid-laden macrophages and the later lesion has a mixed population of macrophages and smooth muscle cells. Parker on the other hand, was able to show evidence that the rabbit lesion is primarily composed of lipid-laden cells of smooth muscle origin. The above studies and many others were done on an intact lesion without any attempt of cellular isolation previous to their ultrastructural studies. Cell isolation procedures have been established for atherosclerotic lesions through collagenase and elastase digestion Therefore this procedure can be utilized to identify the cells involved in rabbit atheroma.

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Adrenocorticotropin Production by a Mammary Carcinoma

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100079759 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 462-463

Author(s):

K.S. McCarty ◽

N.R. Wallace ◽

W. Litaker ◽

S. Wells ◽

G. Eisenbarth

Keyword(s):

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽

Small Cell ◽

Hormone Production ◽

Carcinoma Of The Breast ◽

Ectopic Acth ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Subcutaneous Metastases ◽

Ectopic Acth Production ◽

The Right ◽

Pituitary Carcinomas

The production of adrenocorticotropic hormone by non-pituitary carcinomas has been documented in several tumors, most frequently small cell carcinoma of the lung, islet cell carcinomas of the pancreas, thymomas and carcinoids. Electron microscopy of these tumors reveals typical membrane-limited "neurosecretory" granules. Confirmation of the granules as adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) requires the use of OsO4 as a primary fixative to give the characteristic cored granule appearance in conjunction with immunohistochemical demonstration of the hormone peptide. Because of the rarity of ectopic ACTH production by mammary carcinomas and the absence of appropriate ultrastructural studies in the two examples of such ectopic hormone production in the literature of which we are aware (1,2), we present biochemical and ultrastructural data from a carcinoma of the breast with apparent ACTH production.The patient had her primary tumor in the right breast in 1969. The tumor recurred as visceral and subcutaneous metastases in 1976 and again in 1977.

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Electron microscopy of endocardial cell populations

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100083291 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 486-487

Author(s):

T. G. Sarphie ◽

C. R. Comer ◽

D. J. Allen

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Plasma Membrane ◽

Cellular Transformation ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Cell Surfaces ◽

Kb Cells ◽

Dna Viruses ◽

Cell Cycles ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Endocardial Cell

Previous ultrastructural studies have characterized surface morphology during norma cell cycles in an attempt to associate specific changes with specific metabolic processes occurring within the cell. It is now known that during the synthetic ("S") stage of the cycle, when DNA and other nuclear components are synthesized, a cel undergoes a doubling in volume that is accompanied by an increase in surface area whereby its plasma membrane is elaborated into a variety of processes originally referred to as microvilli. In addition, changes in the normal distribution of glycoproteins and polysaccharides derived from cell surfaces have been reported as depreciating after cellular transformation by RNA or DNA viruses and have been associated with the state of growth, irregardless of the rate of proliferation. More specifically, examination of the surface carbohydrate content of synchronous KB cells were shown to be markedly reduced as the cell population approached division Comparison of hamster kidney fibroblasts inhibited by vinblastin sulfate while in metaphase with those not in metaphase demonstrated an appreciable decrease in surface carbohydrate in the former.

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Ultrastructural observations of human monocytes infected with HIV-1

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100084843 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 108-109

Author(s):

James K. Koehler ◽

Steven G. Reed ◽

Joao S. Silva

Keyword(s):

Gradient Centrifugation ◽

Virus Production ◽

Human Monocyte ◽

Red Cross ◽

Human Monocytes ◽

Blood Monocytes ◽

Hiv Replication ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Hiv 1

As part of a larger study involving the co-infection of human monocyte cultures with HIV and protozoan parasites, electron microscopic observations were made on the course of HIV replication and infection in these cells. Although several ultrastructural studies of the cytopathology associated with HIV infection have appeared, few studies have shown the details of virus production in “normal,” human monocytes/macrophages, one of the natural targets of the virus, and suspected of being a locus of quiescent virus during its long latent period. In this report, we detail some of the interactions of developing virons with the membranes and organelles of the monocyte host.Peripheral blood monocytes were prepared from buffy coats (Portland Red Cross) by Percoll gradient centrifugation, followed by adherence to cover slips. 90-95% pure monocytes were cultured in RPMI with 5% non-activated human AB serum for four days and infected with 100 TCID50/ml of HIV-1 for four hours, washed and incubated in fresh medium for 14 days.

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