Ventilatory Reserve and Level of Motor Block During High Spinal and Epidural Anesthesia

1967 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 834-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix G. Freund ◽  
John J. Bonica ◽  
Richard J. Ward ◽  
Toshio J. Akamatsu ◽  
William F. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Ventilatory Reserve

scholarly journals Comparison of epidural anesthesia with chloroprocaine and lidocaine for outpatient knee arthroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 230949901986553
Author(s):  
Zhengchao Yang ◽  
Dezhan Li ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
Man Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Knee Arthroscopy ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Peak Effect ◽  
Epidural Block ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Lidocaine Group ◽  
Block Level

This study aimed to compare clinical efficacy and safety of chloroprocaine and lidocaine in epidural anesthesia for outpatient knee arthroscopy. Eighty patients undergoing knee arthroscopy were randomly allocated to receive 3% 2-chloroprocaine (group C, n = 40) or 2% lidocaine (group L, n = 40) for epidural block. Latency to anesthesia onset, highest block level, time to achieve peak effect, time to complete sensory and motor block regression, vital signs including respiration and hemodynamics, and complications during follow-up were recorded. No significant differences were found in the latency to anesthesia onset and peak effect, duration of anesthesia efficacy, and the time for recovery of sensory function between the two groups. However, the latency to maximal block of pain sensation and the time needed to recover motor function were significantly shorter in group C than in group L ( p < 0.05). No adverse effects or neurologic complications were found in both groups. In conclusion, epidural chloroprocaine elicits rapid anesthetic effects, fast sensor and motor block, and faster recovery of motor function compared to lidocaine. These characteristics make chloroprocaine better than lidocaine as the choice of epidural anesthesia in short clinical operations such as knee arthroscopy.

Comparison of Motor Block of 1.0% Ropivacaine and 0.5% Bupivacaine in Epidural Anesthesia for Hip Arthroplasty Surgery

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Kyung Hoon Kim ◽  
Tae Hong Kim ◽  
Chul Hong Kim ◽  
Jae Young Kwon ◽  
Kuen Tak Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Arthroplasty Surgery

Effects of Concentration and Volume of 2-Chloroprocaine on Epidural Anesthesia in Volunteers 

1997 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1288-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer S. Liu ◽  
Paul D. Ware ◽  
Sundar Rajendran
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Crossover Fashion ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Lumbar Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Similar Intensity

Background Effect of local anesthetic concentration and volume on the spread and density of epidural anesthesia is unclear. This study was performed to delineate effects of a threefold difference in concentration and volume of 2-chloroprocaine on epidural anesthesia. Methods Twelve healthy volunteers underwent lumbar epidural anesthesia with 300 mg of 2-chloroprocaine as a 3% (10 ml) and a 1% (30 ml) solution in a randomized, double-blind, balanced, crossover fashion. Sensory block was assessed with pinprick, touch (calibrated plastic filament), cold, and electrical stimulation. Motor block was assessed at the quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscles with isometric force dynamometry. Differences between solutions were assessed with repeated measures analysis of variance followed by post hoc testing. Results The number of dermatomes blocked to pinprick, touch, and cold was significantly greater with the 1% concentration (2 dermatomes greater than the 3% concentration on average, P &lt; 0.05). Similar intensity of sensory block to electrical stimulation developed at the hip and knee and was unaffected by concentration of 2-chloroprocaine. Similar intensity of motor block developed at the quadriceps with both concentrations. Conclusions Intensity of sensory and motor block from epidural anesthesia with 2-chloroprocaine appears to depend primarily on total milligram dose.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Epidural Anesthesia without Motor Block Versus General Anesthesia for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Sedat Öner ◽  
Burak Acar ◽  
Efe Önen ◽  
Metin Kılıç ◽  
Mustafa Murat Aydos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Motor Block

Second stage of labor in the age of epidural anesthesia

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 171A-171A
Author(s):  
E XENAKIS ◽  
J PIPER ◽  
M MCFARLAND ◽  
C SUITER ◽  
O LANGER
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Second Stage

The Hemodynamic and Fibrinolytic Response to Low Dose Epinephrine and Phenylephrine Infusions During Total Hip Replacement Under Epidural Anesthesia

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (04) ◽  
pp. 436-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel E Sharrock ◽  
George Go ◽  
Robert Mineo ◽  
Peter C Harpel
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Cardiac Index ◽  
Total Hip Replacement ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryLower rates of deep vein thrombosis have been noted following total hip replacement under epidural anesthesia in patients receiving exogenous epinephrine throughout surgery. To determine whether this is due to enhanced fibrinolysis or to circulatory effects of epinephrine, 30 patients scheduled for primary total hip replacement under epidural anesthesia were randomly assigned to receive intravenous infusions of either low dose epinephrine or phenylephrine intraoperatively. All patients received lumbar epidural anesthesia with induced hypotension and were monitored with radial artery and pulmonary artery catheters.Patients receiving low dose epinephrine infusion had maintenance of heart rate and cardiac index whereas both heart rate and cardiac index declined significantly throughout surgery in patients receiving phenylephrine (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0001, respectively). Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity increased significantly during surgery (p <0.0005) and declined below baseline postoperatively (p <0.005) in both groups. Low dose epinephrine was not associated with any additional augmentation of fibrinolytic activity perioperatively. There were no significant differences in changes in D-Dimer, t-PA antigen, α2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complexes or thrombin-antithrombin III complexes perioperatively between groups receiving low dose epinephrine or phenylephrine. The reduction in deep vein thrombosis rate with low dose epinephrine is more likely mediated by a circulatory mechanism than by augmentation of fibrinolysis.

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