scholarly journals Developing Competency-assessment Tools to Measure the Family Physicianʼs Ability to Respond to the Needs of the Community

2001 ◽  
Vol 76 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S80-S83 ◽  
Author(s):  
IVY F. OANDASAN ◽  
NIALL BYRNE ◽  
DAVE DAVIS ◽  
M. SHARON SHAFIR ◽  
REBECCA MALIK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Competency Assessment ◽  
The Family

scholarly journals El cuidado informal en tiempos de crisis. Análisis desde la perspectiva enfermera

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoli Cantillo Monjo ◽  
Teresa Lleopart Coll ◽  
Sandra Ezquerra Samper
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Current Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Gender ◽  
New Research ◽  
Practice Methods ◽  
Use Of Assessment

Objetivos: Cuantificar y caracterizar la producción científica enfermera sobre cuidados informales del período 2007-2016, observar la evolución de la temática durante estos años, adquirir una perspectiva actual sobre el estado de la cuestión y realizar propuestas sobre futuras líneas de investigación e intervención.Metodología: Revisión bibliográfica llevada a cabo mediante dos estrategias: una cuantitativa, y una segunda estrategia cualitativa. Resultados: El tipo de artículo más publicado es el estudio original cuantitativo, aunque se detecta un crecimiento de las publicaciones con enfoque cualitativo. Los temas más tratados son el perfil de la persona cuidadora, los impactos de la atención en su salud y en otros aspectos de su vida cotidiana, las propuestas de intervenciones profesionales para promover el cuidado personal y para evitar la sobrecarga de las personas cuidadoras y, por último, el uso de herramientas de evaluación para la planificación de la atención a las mismas.Conclusiones: Las publicaciones enfermeras identifican con acierto la centralidad del cuidado informal y el giro asistencial hacia el domicilio y la familia. No problematizan, sin embargo, el actual trasvase de responsabilidades hacia el cuidado desde las administraciones públicas hacia el ámbito familiar, ni analizan en profundidad las desigualdades socioeconómicas y de género reinantes en el actual escenario de cuidados. El abordaje a estos dos elementos puede contribuir a abrir nuevas líneas de investigación e intervención en el campo de la enfermería. Goals: To quantify and characterize the scientific production in nursing on informal care from 2007 to 2016, to observe the evolution of the theme during this period, to acquire a current perspective on the state of the arts, and to suggest future directions of both research and professional practice. Methods: Bibliographical review undertaken through two strategies: a quantitative strategy and a qualitative one. Results: The most frequent type of published article is quantitative although there is an increase of qualitative publications. Among the most frequent themes are: the study of the caregiver’s profile, as well as the impacts of care on their health and on their everyday life; practical professional recommendations to promote care and self-care and to prevent caregivers’ overload; and, finally, the use of assessment tools for planning attention of caregivers. Conclusions: While nursing publications rightly identify the centrality of the family and the household in the new care scenario, they do not problematize the current transfer of responsibility for care from public administrations toward the realm of the family. Neither do they problematize the social, economic, and gender inequalities that take place in the context of care. To approach these two themes can contribute to create new research and professional lines in nursing.

Systematic mixed-method review of barriers to end-of-life communication in the family context

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2020-002219
Author(s):  
Katharina Nagelschmidt ◽  
Nico Leppin ◽  
Carola Seifart ◽  
Winfried Rief ◽  
Pia von Blanckenburg
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
The Family ◽  
Life Issues ◽  
End Of Life Issues ◽  
End Of Life Communication

BackgroundCommunication about the end of life is especially important in the family context, as patients and their families are considered as the care unit in palliative care. Open end-of-life communication can positively affect medical, psychological and relational outcomes during the dying process for patient and family. Regardless of the benefits of end-of-life conversations, many patients and their family caregivers speak little about relevant end-of-life issues.AimTo identify barriers that hinder or influence the discussion of end-of-life issues in the family context.DesignA systematic mixed-method review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.Data sourcesA systematic search of PsycInfo, CINAHL, PubMed and Web of Science was conducted and extended with a hand search. Peer-reviewed primary studies reporting on the barriers to or difficulties in end-of-life conversations experienced by terminally ill patients and/or family caregivers were included in this review.Results18 qualitative and two quantitative studies met the inclusion criteria. The experiences of n=205 patients and n=738 family caregivers were analysed qualitatively; n=293 patients and n=236 caregivers were surveyed in the questionnaire studies. Five overarching categories emerged from the extracted data: emotional, cognitive, communicative, relational and external processes can hinder end-of-life communication within the family. The most frequently reported barriers are emotional and cognitive processes such as protective buffering or belief in positive thinking.ConclusionsResearch on end-of-life communication barriers in the family context is scarce. Further research should enhance the development of appropriate assessment tools and interventions to support families with the challenges experienced regarding end-of-life conversations.

Nurses’ Perceptions of Their Self-confidence and the Benefits and Risks of Family Presence During Resuscitation

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee Samples Twibell ◽  
Debra Siela ◽  
Cheryl Riwitis ◽  
Joe Wheatley ◽  
Tina Riegle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Family Presence ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Hospital Units ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nurses Perceptions

Background Debate continues among nurses about the advantages and disadvantages of family presence during resuscitation. Knowledge development about such family presence is constrained by the lack of reliable and valid instruments to measure key variables. Objectives To test 2 instruments used to measure nurses’ perceptions of family presence during resuscitation, to explore demographic variables and perceptions of nurses’ self-confidence and the risks and benefits related to such family presence in a broad sample of nurses from multiple hospital units, and to examine differences in perceptions of nurses who have and who have not invited family presence. Methods Nurses (n = 375) completed the Family Presence Risk-Benefit Scale and the Family Presence Self-confidence Scale. Results Nurses’ perceptions of benefits, risks, and self-confidence were significantly and strongly interrelated. Nurses who invited family presence during resuscitation were significantly more self-confident in managing it and perceived more benefits and fewer risks (P < .001). Perceptions of more benefits and fewer risks were related to membership in professional organizations, professional certification, and working in an emergency department (P < .001). Data supported initial reliability and construct validity for the 2 scales. Conclusions Nurses’ perceptions of the risks and benefits of family presence during resuscitation vary widely and are associated with how often the nurses invite family presence. After further testing, the 2 new scales may be suitable for measuring interventional outcomes, serve as self-assessment tools, and add to conceptual knowledge about family presence.

scholarly journals Delirium onset within a palliative care programme: nursing care for the patient and family

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Caleffi ◽  
Andrea Fabbo ◽  
Luca Gelati ◽  
Cinzia Monti
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Treatment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Nursing Interventions ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
Nursing Outcomes ◽  
Nursing Diagnosis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Setting

Delirium is a neurocognitive syndrome correlated with increased risk of hospitalization, functional and cognitive impairment, and mortality. Patients under palliative treatment regime are at higher risk of developing the syndrome due to their debilitated physical condition. In this context delirium is one of the most frequent complications, affecting around 85% of people at the end of the life. It augments the distress of the expiring individual and their family, aggravating suffering and compromising the quality of the life of the terminally ill people. The aim is to prevent the incidence of delirium identifying people at risk. If an episode of delirium occurs, it is essential to identify it with specific clinical assessment tools, to assess and to treat reversible causes in combination with enviromental, psychological and pharmacological intervention to control the symptoms. The close supporting role of the nurse within the family group confers them a fundamental role in the recognition and management of delirium. It is essential to analyse the peculiarities of assistance for patients under palliative treatment affected by delirium, together with their family. To provide personalized treatment that offers support, relief and hope, considering the person as a whole within the family setting, nurses can use the taxonomy of Nanda international classification of nursing diagnosis (Nanda-I), Nursing outcomes classification (Noc) and Nursing interventions classification (Nic).

Using Formative Video Competencies and Summative In-Person Competencies to Examine Preparedness for Entry-Level Professional Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (04) ◽  
pp. 310-324
Author(s):  
Jerry K. Hoepner ◽  
Abby L. Hemmerich
Keyword(s):  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Competency Assessment ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Competency Based Education ◽  
Pilot Investigation ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Criterion Referenced ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Effective Assessment

AbstractA key element of competency-based education is assessment. Effective assessment requires access to a core set of expectations that match a learner's level of preparation. Miller's triangle provides a framework for establishing appropriate expectations that move learners from novice to entry-level clinicians. Formative assessment and feedback are a crucial part of facilitating learning in this context. A pilot investigation was conducted to examine the effects of a formative, video competency on performance in a summative, live competency. Rubrics were used to score performance on two competencies, an oral mechanism exam (OME) and a clinical bedside swallowing examination (CBSE). Performance on the OME was significantly improved in the summative competency, compared with the formative, video competency. Performance on the CBSE did not change from formative to summative competency. Assessment in competency-based education is important as a measure of readiness for entry-level practice. Formative assessment and feedback can improve preparedness and performance on summative competencies. Detailed, criterion-referenced assessment tools are crucial to identifying performance. While the OME rubric used in this investigation appears to meet that standard, it is likely that the CBSE rubric was not specific enough to detect changes.

scholarly journals A97 TOOLS FOR DIRECT OBSERVATION AND ASSESSMENT OF COLONOSCOPY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF VALIDITY EVIDENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
R Khan ◽  
E Zheng ◽  
S B Wani ◽  
M A Scaffidi ◽  
T Jeyalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Competency Assessment ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background An increasing focus on quality and safety in colonoscopy has led to broader implementation of competency-based educational systems that enable documentation of trainees’ achievement of the knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed for independent practice. The meaningful assessment of competence in colonoscopy is critical to this process. While there are many published tools that assess competence in performing colonoscopy, there is a wide range of underlying validity evidence. Tools with strong evidence of validity are required to support feedback provision, optimize learner capabilities, and document competence. Aims We aimed to evaluate the strength of validity evidence that supports available colonoscopy direct observation assessment tools using the unified framework of validity. Methods We systematically searched five databases for studies investigating colonoscopy direct observation assessment tools from inception until April 8, 2020. We extracted data outlining validity evidence from the five sources (content, response process, internal structure, relations to other variables, and consequences) and graded the degree of evidence, with a maximum score of 15. We assessed educational utility using an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education framework and methodological quality using the Medical Education Research Quality Instrument (MERSQI). Results From 10,841 records, we identified 27 studies representing 13 assessment tools (10 adult, 2 pediatric, 1 both). All tools assessed technical skills, while 10 assessed cognitive and integrative skills. Validity evidence scores ranged from 1–15. The Assessment of Competency in Endoscopy (ACE) tool, the Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS) tool, and the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Competency Assessment Tool (GiECAT) had the strongest validity evidence, with scores of 13, 15, and 14, respectively. Most tools were easy to use and interpret and required minimal resources. MERSQI scores ranged from 9.5–11.5 (maximum score 14.5). Conclusions The ACE, DOPS, and GiECAT have strong validity evidence compared to other assessments. Future studies should identify barriers to widespread implementation and report on use of these tools in credentialing purposes. Funding Agencies None

Acquired Brain Injury in the Context of Family Violence: A Systematic Scoping Review of Incidence, Prevalence, and Contributing Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darshini Ayton ◽  
Elizabeth Pritchard ◽  
Tess Tsindos
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Previous Trauma ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Familial Context ◽  
Incidence Prevalence

Brain injury is often a precursor to, or result of, family violence. Yet there is little research identifying the connection of these two phenomena. The health cost (personal or societal) of brain injury within the family violence context is difficult to ascertain. Family violence can lead to lifelong psychological or physical scars and even death. A systematic review was conducted over three databases using Medical Subject Heading terms to investigate incidence, prevalence, and contributing factors of brain injury within a family violence context. Inclusion criteria were primary studies, any person who experienced traumatic brain injury in a familial context. Seven hundred and seven studies of varied designs were initially identified with 43 meeting inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and a deductive narrative synthesis was performed. The accuracy and generalizability of incidence and prevalence statistics was hindered by underreporting of family violence and the specificity of some of the population groups (e.g., female inmates). The factors contributing to brain injury within the family violence context had multifactorial causation and varied greatly across the populations studied. Five social determinants of health were identified: biological, behavioral, structural, social, and environmental. These factors included age and gender of parent/baby, crying as an antecedent of family violence, previous exposure to abuse as a child, hostile living environments, previous trauma, financial pressures, employment status, housing availability, and exposure to natural disasters. Future investigation into the nexus between brain injury and family violence is required; however, this is complicated due to global inconsistency of definitions, assessment tools, and research methods used.

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