Language Hemispheric Dominance in Patients with Congenital Lesions of Eloquent Brain

Neurosurgery ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Vikingstad ◽  
Yue Cao ◽  
Ajith J. Thomas ◽  
Alex F. Johnson ◽  
Ghaus M. Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hemispheric Dominance ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Congenital Lesions ◽  
Language Representation ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE In 90% of normal subjects, the left hemisphere is dominant for language function. We investigated whether congenital lesions of the left perisylvian regions altered cortical language representation in right-handed individuals. METHODS Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we studied language hemispheric dominance in five right-handed adult patients with congenitally acquired arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) originating from left hemispheric cortical language regions. The AVMs had not caused neurological symptoms during early development, but patients presented as adults with migraine, seizure, or minor hemorrhage. Results obtained from the AVM patients were contrasted to those from right-handed brain-injured stroke patients recovering from aphasia and to those from right-handed normal subjects. RESULTS During silent picture naming and verb generation tasks, cortical language networks lateralized primarily to the right hemisphere in the AVM group, compared with the left hemisphere in the normal group. This right hemisphere-shifted language network in the AVM group exceeded the shifts toward right hemispheric dominance found in the stroke group. CONCLUSION Patients with AVMs affecting the left perisylvian regions recruited the right hemisphere into language processing networks during early development, presumably in response to congenitally aberrant circulation. This early right hemisphere recruitment in the AVM patients exceeded the similar process in the brains of stroke patients whose left cortical language networks were damaged in adulthood. Our data provide evidence of effective plasticity in the developing human brain compared with the mature brain response to injury. Knowledge of cortical language representation should assist presurgical planning in patients with developmental anomalies affecting apparently language-dominant brain regions.

The Recognition of Antonymy by a Language-Enriched Right Hemisphere

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Gazzaniga ◽  
George A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Right

A commissurotomy patient with limited language in the right hemisphere was tested for ability to recognize direct and indirect antonyms. Normal subjects performing this task recognize direct antonyms faster than indirect. The patient's left hemisphere responded normally, but his right showed no difference in response to direct and indirect antonyms. It is concluded that the patient's right hemisphere had not learned that particular pairs of adjectives (the direct antonyms) can be used to represent the attribute whose contrasting values they express. Such learning normally occurs in the course of reasoning about attributes of things and events, but presumably failed to occur in this patient's right hemisphere because its powers of reasoning are severely limited.

scholarly journals SPATIAL ABILITY, 3D MODELING AND STYLES OF THINKING IN RELATION TO BRAIN HEMISPHERE DOMINANCE

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Andrej Šafhalter ◽  
Srečko Glodež ◽  
Karin Bakračevič Vukman
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Spatial Ability ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Hemispheric Dominance ◽  
Lower Secondary School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Brain Hemisphere ◽  
The Right

The progress of neuroscience and the understanding of children's styles of thinking are opening up new teaching styles that take into account differences in individual cognitive perception. Students can be classified into three distinctive perceptive types, according to the pronounced activity of one cerebral hemisphere in their thinking and information processing: left-hemisphere, right-hemisphere, and integrative type that does not exhibit a considerable dominance of one particular hemisphere. The purpose of the research was to establish differences in the 3D modeling encouraged progression of spatial ability between the left-hemisphere, right-hemisphere and integrative types of students. Computerized 3D modeling employed during technical extra-curricular activity in lower secondary school (grades 6 to 9) may affect the spatial ability of students, which according to other studies, appears to be predominantly connected with the right brain hemisphere. Research was conducted among a variety of lower secondary school students across Slovenia aged 11 – 15 years. Data on spatial ability and its development was collected using a hybrid spatial intelligence test conducted on two separate occasions, while assessment of the learning perception type of students – depending on hemispheric dominance – was obtained using a self-evaluation questionnaire. The 3D modeling of technical objects and objects drawn in orthographic or isometric projection was done with the software Trimble SketchUp. Key words: cognitive development, 3D modeling, hemispheric dominance, spatial ability.

scholarly journals Enhanced Power Within the Default Mode Network in Normal Subjects with Elevated Scores on an Egocentric Scale

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W.G Collins ◽  
Michael A Persinger
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Self ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Electromagnetic Tomography ◽  
Global Power ◽  
The Right

Integrated global power from the primary structures that composed the Default Mode Network (DMN) and from a random collection of other structures were measured by sLORETA (standardized low-resolution electromagnetic tomography) for young university volunteers who had completed an inventory that contained a subscale by which egocentricity has been inferred. Subjects who exhibited higher scores for egocentricity displayed significantly more power within the DMN structures relative to comparison areas. This was not observed for individuals whose egocentricity scores were lowest where the power differences between the DMN and comparison structures were not significant statistically. DMN power was greater in the right hemisphere than the left for men but greater in the left hemisphere than the right for women. The results are consistent with our operating metaphor that elevation of power or activity within the DMN is associated with greater affiliation with the self and its cognitive contents.

Evoked Potential Correlates of Recovery from Aphasia after Focal Left Hemisphere Injury in Adults

Neurosurgery ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Papanicolaou Andrew ◽  
S. Levin Harvey ◽  
M. Eisenberg Howard
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Hemispheric Specialization ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hemispheric Activation ◽  
Cerebral Reorganization ◽  
The Right

Abstract An evoked potentials (EPs) paradigm that has been effective in demonstrating asymmetries in hemispheric activation during cognitive tasks was used to assess cerebral reorganization for language in recovered aphasics. Cortical click EPs were recorded bilaterally in normal volunteers, recovered aphasics who had sustained focal left hemisphere injury, and nonaphasic patients with diffuse injuries during a control condition of attending only to the click and during a verbal memory task. During that task, EP amplitude attenuation occurred in the left hemisphere for the normal subjects and the nonaphasic patients and in the right hemisphere for the recovered aphasics. These contrasting asymmetries in hemispheric activation suggest that a shift of hemispheric specialization for verbal processing contributes to the recovery of linguistic competence in adult aphasics.

scholarly journals Unilateral Stroke: Computer-based Assessment Uncovers Non-Lateralized and Contralesional Visuoattentive Deficits

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sanna Villarreal ◽  
Matti Linnavuo ◽  
Raimo Sepponen ◽  
Outi Vuori ◽  
Mario Bonato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cancellation Task ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Visual Inattention ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

Abstract Objective: Patients with unilateral stroke commonly show hemispatial neglect or milder contralesional visuoattentive deficits, but spatially non-lateralized visuoattentive deficits have also been reported. The aim of the present study was to compare spatially lateralized (i.e., contralesional) and non-lateralized (i.e., general) visuoattentive deficits in left and right hemisphere stroke patients. Method: Participants included 40 patients with chronic unilateral stroke in either the left hemisphere (LH group, n = 20) or the right hemisphere (RH group, n = 20) and 20 healthy controls. To assess the contralesional deficits, we used a traditional paper-and-pencil cancellation task (the Bells Test) and a Lateralized Targets Computer Task. To assess the non-lateralized deficits, we developed a novel large-screen (173 × 277 cm) computer method, the Ball Rain task, with moving visual stimuli and fast-paced requirements for selective attention. Results: There were no contralesional visuoattentive deficits according to the cancellation task. However, in the Lateralized Targets Computer Task, RH patients missed significantly more left-sided than right-sided targets in bilateral trials. This omission distribution differed significantly from those of the controls and LH patients. In the assessment of non-lateralized attention, RH and LH patients missed significantly more Ball Rain targets than controls in both the left and right hemifields. Conclusions: Computer-based assessment sensitively reveals various aspects of visuoattentive deficits in unilateral stroke. Patients with either right or left hemisphere stroke demonstrate non-lateralized visual inattention. In right hemisphere stroke, these symptoms can be accompanied by subtle contralesional visuoattentive deficits that have remained unnoticed in cancellation task.

scholarly journals Hemispheric specializations affect interhemispheric speech sound integration during duplex perception

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil Christoph Preisig ◽  
Matthias J. Sjerps
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hemispheric Dominance ◽  
Spectral Information ◽  
Speech Sounds ◽  
Spectral Processing ◽  
The Right

The present study investigated whether speech-related spectral information benefits from initially predominant right or left hemisphere processing. Normal hearing individuals categorized speech sounds composed of an ambiguous base (perceptually intermediate between /ga/ and /da/), presented to one ear, and a disambiguating low or high F3 chirp presented to the other ear. Shorter response times were found when the chirp was presented to the left than to the right ear (inducing initially right-hemisphere chirp processing), but no between-ear differences in strength of overall integration. The results are in line with the assumptions of a right hemispheric dominance for spectral processing.

scholarly journals Ascending and descending mechanisms of visual lateralization in pigeons

2008 ◽  
Vol 364 (1519) ◽  
pp. 955-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos-Eduardo Valencia-Alfonso ◽  
Josine Verhaal ◽  
Onur Güntürkün
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Hemispheric Dominance ◽  
Behavioural Pattern ◽  
The World ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Present Experimental Evidence

Brain asymmetries are a widespread phenomenon among vertebrates and show a common behavioural pattern. The right hemisphere mediates more emotional and instinctive reactions, while the left hemisphere deals with elaborated experience-based behaviours. In order to achieve a lateralized behaviour, each hemisphere needs different information and therefore different representations of the world. However, how these representations are accomplished within the brain is still unknown. Based on the pigeon's visual system, we present experimental evidence that lateralized behaviour is the result of the interaction between the subtelencephalic ascending input directing more bilateral visual information towards the left hemisphere and the asymmetrically organized descending telencephalic influence on the tecto-tectal balance. Both the bilateral representation and the forebrain-modulated information processing might explain the left hemispheric dominance for complex learning and discrimination tasks.

Investigation of the Effect of Mode and Tempo on Emotional Responses to Music Using EEG Power Asymmetry

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Trochidis ◽  
Emmanuel Bigand
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Eeg Activity ◽  
Musical Excerpt ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Musical Modes ◽  
Slow Tempo ◽  
The Right

The combined interactions of mode and tempo on emotional responses to music were investigated using both self-reports and electroencephalogram (EEG) activity. A musical excerpt was performed in three different modes and tempi. Participants rated the emotional content of the resulting nine stimuli and their EEG activity was recorded. Musical modes influence the valence of emotion with major mode being evaluated happier and more serene, than minor and locrian modes. In EEG frontal activity, major mode was associated with an increased alpha activation in the left hemisphere compared to minor and locrian modes, which, in turn, induced increased activation in the right hemisphere. The tempo modulates the arousal value of emotion with faster tempi associated with stronger feeling of happiness and anger and this effect is associated in EEG with an increase of frontal activation in the left hemisphere. By contrast, slow tempo induced decreased frontal activation in the left hemisphere. Some interactive effects were found between mode and tempo: An increase of tempo modulated the emotion differently depending on the mode of the piece.

Dual Intentional Agency

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Schechter
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Practical Reasoning ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Surgery ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Split Brain ◽  
Intentional Agency ◽  
Intentional Agents ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
The Right

This chapter defends the 2-agents claim, according to which the two hemispheres of a split-brain subject are associated with distinct intentional agents. The empirical basis of this claim is that, while both hemispheres are the source or site of intentions, the capacity to integrate them in practical reasoning no longer operates interhemispherically after split-brain surgery. As a result, the right hemisphere-associated agent, R, and the left hemisphere-associated agent, L, enjoy intentional autonomy from each other. Although the positive case for the 2-agents claim is grounded mainly in experimental findings, the claim is not contradicted by what we know of split-brain subjects’ ordinary behavior, that is, the way they act outside of experimental conditions.

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