SHORT-TERM CHANGES IN GROWTH, BONE MINERAL CONTENT AND BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN CHILDREN POST RENAL TRANSPLANTATION.

Bone mineral content (BMC) was measured in the nondominant arm of 18 children (aged 37/12 to 17½ years) for a total 783 months after renal transplantation. Using photon absorptiometry, 89 measurements were made; 17 of the 18 patients had a functioning graft and one patient died. Significant demineralization, a BMC greater than -2 SD below appropriate control volumes, was found in 11 of 18 patients (62%) and 55 of 89 measurements (61%). Bone loss was progressive; among the 16 patients followed for more than 6 months, ten showed a decline of more than 0.5 SD in BMC, five had no change, and only one showed improvement. No relationship was found between BMC and the use of furosemide, type of transplant (15 living, seven cadaver), prior renal disease (six with glomerulonephritis, 11 tubulointerstitial), need for a second graft (five patients), chronic anticonvulsant therapy, or serum calcium and phosphate values. BMC was slightly correlated (P < .05) with alkaline phosphatase values. BMC was more strongly correlated with serum creatinine (y = -0.48x + 1.25, r = -.042, P < .001) and prednisone dose (mg/kg/d) (y = -0.65x + 0.481, r = -.543, P < .001) in an inverse relationship. Patients whose serum creatinine value was less than 1 mg/dL had a BMC of -0.71 ± 0.34 SD; those with serum creatinine value greater than 2 mg/dL had BMC of -3.32 ± 0.31 SD, different at P < .001. Patients receiving daily prednisone therapy had a significantly lower BMC than those receiving alternate-day therapy (-3.11 ± 1.23 SD v -1.72 ± 1.29 SD, P < .005).

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62 Growth Performance and Mineral Status of 6 Kg Piglets Fed Reduced Levels of Dietary Calcium

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab054.074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 42-42

Author(s):

Laura A Merriman ◽

Craig Wyatt ◽

Marie-Pierre Létourneau-Montminy ◽

Xaviere Rousseau ◽

Dan Bussières

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Content ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Bone Mineralization ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Short Term ◽

Plasma Parameters ◽

Dietary Treatments ◽

The Impact

Abstract Imbalances between calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) impair growth performance and bone mineralization. However, reducing dietary limestone may change the buffering capacity of feed in early nursery piglets, which may help prevent post-weaning diarrhea. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of reducing Ca post weaning compared to recommendations outlined by NRC (2012) or a low P diet. Dietary treatments consisted of 1) Low Ca (LCa; Phase 1, 0.51% Ca and 0.47% STTD P), 2) NRC recommendations (NRC; Phase 1, 0.85% Ca and 0.42% STTD P), and 3) a recommendation lower in phosphorus (LP; Phase 1, 0.65% Ca and 0.36% STTD P). Each diet was fed over 4 phases. Piglets (n = 953; 276/275 Fast X PIC 800 genetics) were blocked by room, sex, and initial BW (6 kg). Feed intake and pig weights were recorded weekly. At 12 d and 41 d, blood was collected and Dual-X ray (DXA) measurements were taken using 8 piglets per treatment. Fecal scores were evaluated during wk 4 and 5. Data were analyzed using MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). There were no differences observed in mortality, overall growth performance, plasma Ca and P, and scour scores at either time point. At 12 d, the bone mineral content was reduced (P = 0.001) in LP pigs compared to LCa and NRC. At 41 d, bone mineral content was reduced in NRC in comparison to LCa while LP was intermediate (P = 0.001). Plasma parameters showed an increased magnesium (Mg) and Ca:Mg in LCa (P < 0.01) that can be related to bone resorption to face Ca hypocalcemia. Pigs were healthy with no enteric challenges, limiting the ability to observe a benefit in fecal scores. In conclusion, piglets can maintain growth and bone mineralization through a short-term limestone removal program.

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Decreased bone area, bone mineral content, formative markers, and increased bone resorptive markers in endogenous Cushing's syndrome

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1410126 ◽

1999 ◽

pp. 126-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

K Godang ◽

T Ueland ◽

J Bollerslev

Keyword(s):

Bone Resorption ◽

Bone Mineral Content ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Cushing's Syndrome ◽

Type I ◽

Collagen Turnover ◽

Type I Procollagen ◽

Total Body

It is well established that chronic excess of glucocorticoids has negative effects on bone and collagen turnover, and that secondary osteoporosis is a known clinical complication of endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate bone dimension and bone mineral content in relation to biochemical markers of bone and collagen turnover, in a consecutive series of 23 patients with endogenous CS (18 with pituitary adenoma and 5 with adrenal tumor; 17 women, 6 men; mean age 39.7+/-2.8 (S.E. M.) and 44.3+/-3.1 years respectively), compared with 23 age-, sex- and body mass index-matched healthy controls. Bone mineral densities were uniformly reduced in the different regions analyzed: lumbar spine (16.1%, P<0.001), femoral neck (15.2%, P<0.001), total body (11.5%, P<0.001), and the subregions of arms (8.4%, P<0.05), legs (10.1%, P<0.05) and trunk (15.8%, P<0.001). Similar results were observed for bone mineral content, although these were less prominent. The calculated area was significantly decreased in trunk (13.8%, P<0.01) and total body (11.6%, P<0.05). Serum levels of osteocalcin were significantly decreased (28%, P<0.03) in patients with CS. No significant differences were observed for the formative markers carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen and aminoterminal propeptide of type I procollagen. Markers of bone resorption, serum Crosslaps and carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen were increased in patients compared with controls, although only significantly for Crosslaps (P<0.02). No correlations between formative and resorptive markers were found in the patients, but in controls, the formative markers were positively correlated with resorptive markers. In conclusion, bone dimension and bone mineral content of the entire skeleton are found to be decreased in endogenous CS. As judged by biochemical markers of bone remodeling, this is caused by decreased bone formation and an increased bone resorption.

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