INFLUENCE OF ORCHARD SOIL MANAGEMENT UPON THE INFILTRATION OF WATER AND SOME RELATED PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOIL

Soil Science ◽  
1942 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAI YUNG LI ◽  
R. D. ANTHONY ◽  
F. G. MERKLE
1956 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. P. Greenham
Keyword(s):  

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-873
Author(s):  
Pedro Idelano de Alencar Felício ◽  
Renato Silvio da Frota Ribeiro ◽  
Alexsandro Oliveira Silva ◽  
José Carlos de Araújo ◽  
Raimundo Nonato Távora Costa

CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS DE CÁPSULAS POROSAS PARA USO NA IRRIGAÇÃO LOCALIZADA     PEDRO IDELANO DE ALENCAR FELÍCIO1; RENATO SÍLVIO DA FROTA RIBEIRO1; ALEXSANDRO OLIVEIRA DA SILVA1; JOSÉ CARLOS DE ARAÚJO1 E RAIMUNDO NONATO TÁVORA COSTA1   1 Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mr. Hull, s/n, Pici, CEP:60356-001, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]     1 RESUMO   Há diversos usos para as cápsulas porosas na agricultura, contudo, estas devem ser caracterizadas por parâmetros de avaliação como pressão de borbulhamento e condutância hidráulica. O objetivo da pesquisa foi aferir as características físicas de cápsulas porosas para uso na irrigação localizada. Para o sistema de irrigação proposto, utilizaram-se dez cápsulas porosas na execução do ensaio experimental que consistiu em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos, constando de diferentes manejos de irrigação (manejo via clima, via solo e via cápsula porosa) com dez repetições, totalizando 30 unidades experimentais, tendo sido avaliados parâmetros de produção e crescimento da cultura do rabanete. A pressão de borbulhamento média observada foi de 2,34 atm, enquanto a condutância hidráulica apresentou valor médio de 9,27 x 10-6 cm² s-1. Para a cultura em estudo não houve diferenças entre os tratamentos estudados, sendo que a massa fresca da raiz apresentou valores de 7,4 g planta-1 para o manejo via clima e 4,7 g planta-1 para o manejo via cápsula porosa, não sendo estatisticamente diferentes pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). O uso de sistema de irrigação por cápsulas porosas apresenta-se como uma alternativa viável para o cultivo de hortaliças em pequenas áreas.   Palavras-chave:  Pressão de borbulhamento, condutância hidráulica, emissor.     FELÍCIO; P. I. A.; RIBEIRO, R. S. F.; SILVA. A. O.; ARAÚJO, J. C.; COSTA, R. N. T. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POROUS CAPSULES FOR USE IN  IRRIGATION SYSTEM LOCATED     2 ABSTRACT   There are different uses for porous capsules in agriculture, however they must be characterized by assessment parameters like  bubbling pressure and hydraulic conductance. The objective of this work was to measure physical characteristics of porous capsules for localized irrigation use. For the proposed irrigation system, porous capsules were used in the execution of experimental trial, consisting of a completely randomized design with three treatments, different irrigation managements (climate management, soil management and porous capsule management) with 10 replications, totaling 30 experimental units, the culture chosen was radish, and parameters of production and growth were assessed. The average bubbling pressure found was 2.34 atm, while conductance presented values of 9.27 x 10-6 cm² s-1. For the crop study, differences between the treatments studied by the Tukey test (p <0.05) were not found; fresh root mass presented values of 7.4 g plant-1 for the climate management and 4.7 g plant-1 for management of porous capsule. The use of porous capsule irrigation systems is a viable alternative for growing vegetables in small areas.   Keywords:  Bubbling pressure, hydraulic conductance, emitter.


1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (48) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Baxter ◽  
BJ Newman

On two cultivars of young apple trees growing in a permanent pasture, a narrow strip was kept bare with herbicide sprays used either during spring and summer or during the entire year. This increased tree growth, fruit set, fruit yield, and fruit size. Using more nitrogen fertilizer did not compensate for the grass competition and did not increase growth or yield as much as did the herbicide sprays. Most of the applied nitrogen could be accounted for in the increased growth of grass. The herbicide simazine increased tree growth more than other herbicides.


Weed Research ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. ATKINSON ◽  
J. G. ALLEN
Keyword(s):  

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. NEILSEN ◽  
E. J. HOGUE

Bisbee Delicious apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) on Mailing 26 rootstock, planted in 1979 on an Osoyoos loamy sand were subjected, commencing in 1981, to five different orchard soil management treatments including full ground cover, early season vegetation control, total vegetation control, black plastic mulching and shallow tillage. All ground cover suppression treatments decreased leaf K and increased leaf Mg, leaf N and yield. With the exception of early season vegetation control, all ground cover suppression treatments decreased leaf P although P was adequate for initial growth. Declines in soil solution Ca, Mg, and K concentration, 1980–1983, were observed regardless of soil management method. Key words: Apples, M.26 rootstock, leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, fruit yield


Soil Research ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Haynes ◽  
KM Goh

The effects of zero-tillage, clean cultivation or the maintenance of a sward on the seasonal levels of available nutrients in a silt loam were examined during the third season of an orchard soil management trial. Total nitrogen and sulfur and oxidizable carbon were highest in the surface soil of grassed plots, intermediate in untilled plots and lowest in cultivated plots. The seasonal pattern in levels of nitrate nitrogen and sulfate sulfur showed similar trends in both the surface soil down the profile. Levels of both nitrate nitrogen and sulfate sulfur in the top 5 cm of soil remained high for a longer period into autumn under zero-tillage than under cultivation. During the summer and autumn period, concentrations of nitrate nitrogen in the surface soil from non-grassed treatments were notably higher than those from grassed plots. There was an accumulation of sodium bicarbonate extractable phosphorus and total phosphorus in the surface soil of untilled plots and a phosphorus fractionation indicated the accumulation of phosphorus in the aluminium and iron phosphate fractions. To a lesser extent exchangeable phosphate also accumulated at the surface of the untilled soil. Levels of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in the surface soil under the grassed treatment were markedly higher than those from the non-grassed treatments, indicating less leaching of cations in the former treatment. The possible relevance of the results is discussed in terms of orchard nutrition and maintenance of soil fertility.


2014 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 96-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Palese ◽  
N. Vignozzi ◽  
G. Celano ◽  
A.E. Agnelli ◽  
M. Pagliai ◽  
...  

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Atkinson ◽  
Martin G. Johnson ◽  
David Mattam ◽  
E. Reuben Mercer

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