Prolactinomas in Children and Adolescents. Clinical Presentation and Long-Term Follow-Up

Abstract Introduction Anaphylaxis is a potentially life threatening allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and multisystemic in nature. Distribution of anaphylaxis tends to fluctuate based on age, gender, race, geographical residence and socioeconomic status of the involved subjects. Diagnosis of anaphylaxis in children is generally underestimated particularly in developing countries, and when diagnosed, proper management is occasionally lacking. Aim of the study to evaluate the frequency and pattern of anaphylaxis and mistakes in diagnosis and treatment among a group of Egyptian children and adolescents. Subjects and methods This observational study was conducted over 12 months duration, from 1st of March 2019 to the end of February 2020, in Children’s hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, on children presenting to emergency department (ED). Anaphylaxis frequency, clinical presentation, triggers, diagnosis, management and long term follow up were assessed. Results frequency rate of anaphylaxis among children and adolescents was 0.43% (80/18816) over a year. Sixty percent of patients were infants. Biphasic reactions were reported in 11.3% of patients. The commonest trigger was food (22.5%) followed by medications (8.8%). Appropriate diagnosis of anaphylaxis by junior pediatricians was reported in all patients, with epinephrine given in most occasions in proper dosage and method (78.7%). Education of children and their caregivers, providing written plan, ready-to-use epinephrine and follow up appointment were deficient. In conclusion Anaphylaxis in children was relatively high particularly in infants, with food being the most common trigger. Diagnosis and early management of anaphylaxis in our University hospital was satisfactory, however, long term management and follow up were defective.

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Outcome After Treatment of Spinal Ependymoma in Children and Adolescents: Long-Term Follow-up of a Single Consecutive Institutional Series of 33 Patients Treated Over Eight Decades

World Neurosurgery ◽

10.1016/j.wneu.2021.02.131 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tryggve Lundar ◽

Bernt Johan Due-Tønnessen ◽

Radek Frič ◽

Jarle Sundseth ◽

Petter Brandal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Spinal Ependymoma ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Long-term follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2020-0194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (11) ◽

pp. 1431-1441

Author(s):

Montserrat Negre Busó ◽

Amparo García Burillo ◽

Marc Simó Perdigó ◽

Pere Galofré Mora ◽

Maria Boronat de Ferrater ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Complete Remission ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Radioiodine Treatment ◽

Persistent Disease ◽

Stage 4 ◽

Long Term Follow Up

AbstractObjectivesThe aims were to analyze the clinical features, response to treatment, prognostic factors and long-term follow-up of children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).MethodsEighty patients with DTC were studied retrospectively. All underwent total or near-total thyroidectomy, and in 75 cases, ablative iodine therapy was recommended. Patients were assessed periodically by tests for serum thyroglobulin levels and whole-body iodine scans. Age, gender, initial clinical presentation, histology, tumor stage, postoperative complications, radioiodine treatment protocol, treatment response, thyroglobulin (Tg), recurrence and long-term disease progression were evaluated.ResultsSeventy patients completed >2 years of follow-up (23 males, 47 females; median age: 14 years; range: 3–18 years). Sixty-two patients showed papillary DTC and eight, follicular DTC. Sixty-five percent presented nodal metastasis and 16%, pulmonary metastasis at diagnosis. Six months after first radioiodine treatment, 36.2% of patients were free of disease. Seven recurrences were documented. At the end of follow-up, overall survival was 100%, and 87.2% of patients were in complete remission. Nine patients had persistent disease. We found a significant association between stage 4 and persistent disease. Hundred percent of patients with negative Tg values at 6 months posttreatment were documented free of disease at the end of the follow-up. The analysis of disease-free survival based on radioiodine treatment protocols used showed no statistically significant differences.ConclusionsDTC in children and adolescents is frequently associated with presence of advanced disease at diagnosis. Despite this, complete remission was documented after treatment in most cases, with a good prognosis in the long-term follow-up. Negative posttreatment thyroglobulin and stage 4 at diagnosis were significant prognostic variables.

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Long-term Follow-up of 414 HIV-Infected Romanian Children and Adolescents Receiving Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Containing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.2006-2802 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 119 (5) ◽

pp. e1116-e1120 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

M. W. Kline ◽

S. Rugina ◽

M. Ilie ◽

R. F. Matusa ◽

A.-M. Schweitzer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Highly Active ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Meningiomas of pineal region in children

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2007000600016 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 65 (4a) ◽

pp. 1000-1006 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hamilton Matushita ◽

Fernando Campos Pinto ◽

José Píndaro Pereira Plese

Keyword(s):

Clinical Presentation ◽

Complete Removal ◽

Pineal Region ◽

Total Resection ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

One Year ◽

Velum Interpositum ◽

Transtentorial Approach

Meningiomas are uncommon tumors in children and either more rarely encountered in the pineal region. We report two cases of meningioma of the pineal region in children. One of these cases was a five years-old girl and the other a one year-old boy. No specific clinical presentation or tomographic examinations findings was identified before treatment, suggestive of a diagnosis of menigioma. The clinical and laboratory features were very similar to the most common tumors of the pineal region. Prior to the surgery, the histology of these tumors was not suspected. Both patients underwent direct surgery and complete removal was achieved by a suboccipital transtentorial approach. The tumors originated from velum interpositum in both cases. At the follow up, one case presented with recurrence six years later, and she underwent a reoperation with total resection without morbidity. Long-term follow up presented no other recurrences.

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