Purpose: Study of structural and morphological features of atherosclerotic lesions of large main vessels (carotid arteries) in
type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Material and methods: The study included 78 patients. Exclusion criteria: age under 40 years, pregnancy, acute infectious
diseases, as well as chronic diseases within less than 2 weeks from the onset of complete clinical and laboratory remission, severe
cardiac (LVEF < 30 %) and renal (blood creatinine > 300 mmol/l) insufficiency, alcohol abuse or drug dependence.
There were 44 men (56.4 %) and 34 women (43.6 %) in the group surveyed. Coronary heart disease was detected in 54 (69.2 %)
individuals, 24 (30.8 %) of the examined individuals had no signs of coronary heart disease; 19 (24.4 %) people had a history of stroke,
18 (23 %) people — myocardial infarction. 42 people (53.8 %) had dyscirculatory encephalopathy of various degrees, 34 (43.6 %) had
hypertension, 42 patients had carbohydrate metabolism disorders, 12 (15.3 %) patients had type 2 diabetes, and 30 (38.4 %) patients
had metabolic syndrome.
Three groups of subjects were formed. The group of people without metabolic syndrome included 48 people (61.5 % of the
total number of examined). The group of people with metabolic syndrome without type 2 diabetes included 18 individuals (23.1 %
of the total number of examined). The group of people with type 2 diabetes included 12 individuals (15.4 % of the total number of
examined).
The examination of patients included: physical examination; laboratory diagnostics; electrocardiography; transthoracic
echocardiography; multislice computed tomography with angiocontrast.
Results: 78 patients were found to have different density of atherosclerotic plaques. There were no differences in volume
among the groups of people surveyed. In patients with type 2 diabetes, there is a decrease in the lipid-fibrous component and an
increase in the density of atherosclerotic plaque.
Conclusion: Multislice computed tomography can detect various forms of vascular damage, the progression of the process, and
assess the severity of structural and morphological manifestations of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome
at an early stage.
The Usefulness of the International Diabetes Federation and the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III Definitions of the Metabolic Syndrome in Predicting Coronary Heart Disease in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
