NATURAL COURSE OF 24-HOUR AORTIC PRESSURE, WAVE REFLECTIONS AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN THE ACUTE PHASE OF ISCHEMIC STROKE

Endurance exercise is efficacious in reducing arterial stiffness. However, the effect of resistance training (RT) on arterial stiffening is controversial. High-intensity, high-volume RT has been shown to increase arterial stiffness in young adults. We tested the hypothesis that an RT protocol consisting of progressively higher intensity without concurrent increases in training volume would not elicit increases in either central or peripheral arterial stiffness or alter aortic pressure wave reflection in young men and women. The RT group ( n = 24; 21 ± 1 years) performed two sets of 8–12 repetitions to volitional fatigue on seven exercise machines on 3 days/week for 12 weeks, whereas the control group ( n = 18; 22 ± 1 years) did not perform RT. Central and peripheral arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic pressure wave reflection (augmentation index; AIx), brachial flow–mediated dilation (FMD), and plasma levels of nitrate/nitrite (NOx) and norepinephrine (NE) were measured before and after RT. RT increased the one-repetition maximum for the chest press and the leg extension ( P < 0.001). RT also increased lean body mass ( P < 0.01) and reduced body fat (%; P < 0.01). However, RT did not affect carotid-radial, carotid-femoral, and femoral-distal PWV (8.4 ± 0.2 vs. 8.0 ± 0.2 m/sec; 6.5 ± 0.1 vs. 6.3 ± 0.2 m/sec; 9.5 ± 0.3 vs. 9.5 ± 0.3 m/sec, respectively) or AIx (2.5% ± 2.3% vs. 4.8% ± 1.8 %, respectively). Additionally, no changes were observed in brachial FMD, NOx, NE, or blood pressures. These results suggest that an RT protocol consisting of progressively higher intensity without concurrent increases in training volume does not increase central or peripheral arterial stiffness or alter aortic pressure wave characteristics in young subjects.

Download Full-text

Amplitude and timing of central aortic pressure wave reflections in heart transplant recipients

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1016/s0895-7061(02)02968-0 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 809-815 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R SCHOFIELD ◽

B SCHULER ◽

D EDWARDS ◽

J ARANDA ◽

J HILL ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Transplant ◽

Pressure Wave ◽

Aortic Pressure ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Wave Reflections ◽

Central Aortic Pressure ◽

Heart Transplant Recipients

Download Full-text

Effect of Nebivolol and Olmesartan on 24-Hour Brachial and Aortic Blood Pressure in the Acute Stage of Ischemic Stroke

International Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1155/2019/9830295 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eleni Georgianou ◽

Panagiotis I. Georgianos ◽

Konstantinos Petidis ◽

Konstantinos Markakis ◽

Ioanna Zografou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Aortic Pressure ◽

Acute Stage ◽

Treatment Change ◽

Aortic Blood Pressure ◽

Single Blind

Background. Elevated blood pressure (BP) in the acute phase of ischemic stroke is associated with heightened risk of early disability and death. However, whether BP-lowering in this setting is beneficial and the exact levels at which BP should be targeted remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nebivolol, olmesartan, and no-treatment on 24-hour BP in patients with hypertension during the acute poststroke period. Methods. In a single-blind fashion, 60 patients with acute ischemic stroke and clinic systolic BP (SBP) 160–220 mmHg were randomized to nebivolol (5 mg/day), olmesartan (20 mg/day), or no-treatment between Day 4 and Day 7 of stroke onset. BP-lowering efficacy was assessed through 24-hour BP monitoring using the Mobil-O-Graph device (IEM, Germany). Results. Between baseline and Day 7, significant reductions in 24-hour brachial SBP were noted with nebivolol and olmesartan, but not with no-treatment. Change from baseline (CFB) in 24-hour brachial SBP was not different between nebivolol and olmesartan groups (between-group difference: −3.4 mmHg; 95% confidence interval (CI): −11.2, 4.3), whereas nebivolol was superior to no-treatment in lowering 24-hour brachial SBP (between-group difference: −7.8 mmHg; 95% CI: −7.8 mmHg; 95% CI: −15.6, −0.1). Similarly, nebivolol and olmesartan equally lowered 24-hour aortic SBP (between-group difference: −1.9 mmHg; 95% CI: −10.1, 6.2). Nebivolol and olmesartan provoked similar reductions in 24-hour heart rate-adjusted augmentation index and pulse wave velocity. Conclusion. This study suggests that during the acute phase of ischemic stroke, nebivolol is equally effective with olmesartan in improving 24-hour aortic pressure and arterial stiffness indices. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier number: NCT03655964.

Download Full-text

Ambulatory monitoring of central arterial pressure, wave reflections, and arterial stiffness in patients at cardiovascular risk

Journal of Human Hypertension ◽

10.1038/s41371-021-00606-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stefano Omboni ◽

Ayana Arystan ◽

Bela Benczur

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Pressure Wave ◽

Ambulatory Monitoring ◽

Wave Reflections

Download Full-text

Abstract W P135: Pulse Wave Velocity is a Predictor of Mortality in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.45.suppl_1.wp135 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Jinkwon Kim ◽

Tae-Jin Song ◽

Ki-Jeong Lee ◽

Eun Hye Kim ◽

Dongbeom Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Surrogate Marker ◽

Cardiovascular Death ◽

Increased Risk

Introduction: Arterial stiffness increases with aging, but is also suggested as a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular events. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velosity (baPWV) is a simple and non-invasive tool for measurement of arterial stiffness. Hypothesis: Measurement of baPWV in acute phase of stroke may have a prognostic value to predict all-cause and cardiovascular death. Methods: This was a hospital-based, retrospective observational study. We included patients who had admitted for acute ischemic stroke and undergone baPWV measurement. Date and causes of death were obtained from the database of the Korean National Statistical Office. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality after stroke onset was compared across to the tertile groups of baPWV. Results: Of included 1696 patients, mean age was 64.5 ± 12.5 years and male was 60.7 %. Mean value of baPWV was 21.04 ± 6.31 m/sec. During mean follow-up period of 1.91 ± 1.27 years, there were 126 all-cause deaths including 85 cardiovascular deaths. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated an increased risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with higher baPWV (Figure). In multivariate Cox regression, patients in the highest tertile of baPWV (T3; >22.54 m/sec) were at increased risks for all-cause death [HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.13-3.36, p=0.017] and cardiovascular death [HR 2.18, 95% CI 1.11-4.25, p=0.023] compared to the lowest tertile (T1; <17.78 m/sec). Conclusions: This study suggested that measurement of baPWV during acute phase of stroke might be used to identify patients at a higher risk for long-term mortality.

Download Full-text