Effects of Arterial Stiffness, Pulse Wave Velocity, and Wave Reflections on the Central Aortic Pressure Waveform

Abstract Background Non-invasive measurements of 24 h ambulatory central aortic systolic pressure (24hCASP) is now feasible method than single measurement of CASP. There is growing interest in CASP as cardiovascular risk marker beyond conventional brachial blood pressure (BP). Pulse wave velocity estimates arterial stiffness, whereas CASP is representative of the BP in major organs. Purpose To evaluate non- invasive parameters for arterial stiffness using oscillometric method and to compare 24hCASP with single measurement of CASP in well-controlled hypertensive patients to detect target organ damage (TOD). Methods A total 95 patients (57±14 years) with hypertension, were separated in two groups: 22 patients with normal EA/Ees ratio (Arterial elastance (EA) and ventricular elastance (Ees)) and 73 hypertensive patients with decrease EA/Ees ratio, marker for ventriculo-arterial coupling. EA and Ees were calculated as and – systolic pressure/stroke volume and end-systolic pressure/end-systolic volume. Parameters for arterial stiffness – 24hCASP, ambulatory central systolic pressure (CASP), 24-hour pulse wave velocity (PWV24h) and ambulatory PWV were measured non-invasively with oscillometric method by Mobil-O-graph PWA. Results Statistically significant differences in parameters of vascular stiffness were found in patients with normal ventriculo-arterial coupling in comparison with disturbed EA/Ees: 24hCASP (107.64±9.19 vs. 116.64±16.7 mm Hg, p=0.02), CAP (117.45±9.26 vs. 128.42±16.15 mm Hg, p<0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences in PWV and PWV24h. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that CAP (B=−0.264 p=0.003; 95% CI: −0.003–0.014) is independent predictor of TOD in hypertensive patients, than 24 hour central aortic pressure. Conclusion There is no superiority of 24hCASP than single measurment of CASP. CASP could predict preclinical damage and cardiovascular outcome. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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PREVALENCE OF OBESITY IN WOMEN OF DIFFERENT AGES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH ARTERIAL STIFFNESS

Clinical Practice ◽

10.17816/clinpract43114 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Olga Ivanova ◽

Elena Maychuk ◽

Irina Voevodina ◽

Artemij Orlov

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Reproductive Function ◽

Aortic Pressure ◽

Central Aortic Pressure ◽

Different Ages

Objective: to study the relationship of obesity with arterial stiffness and dynamics of central aortic pressure in women of different ages with preserved and lost reproductive function. Materials and methods: 161 women were examined, who were divided into 3 groups. Two groups with preserved reproductive function: group 1 consisted of 52 young women from 18 to 30 years old (23.85.3 years); group 2 - 54 women aged from 31 to menopause (415.9 years). Group 3 included 55 postmenopausal women (55.45.8 years). All women underwent a clinical examination with anthropometry; questioning; 24-hour monitoring of the dynamics of blood pressure with the determination of indicators of arterial stiffness and daily aortic central pressure; determination of the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV); study of vascular stiffness by volume sphygmography. Results: women in groups 2 and 3 were comparable in terms of the prevalence of general obesity (GO). Abdominal obesity (AO) was detected in 19.2% of the 1st group; 51.9% of the 2nd and 76.4% of the 3rd group. In 1st group AO has the strongest relationship with aortic pulse wave velocity PWVao (R=0.41, p=0.002) and the corrected to HR75 augmentation index Aixao (R=0.38, p=0.005). In 2nd group AO correlates with cfPWV (R=0.4, p=0.003); GO with PWVao (R=0.38, p=0.005) and aortic cardio-ankle vascular index CAVIao (R=0.48, p=0.001). In the 2nd group AO and GO are also interconnected with central and peripheral pressure. In 3rd group AO correlates with PWVao (R=0.33, p=0.01), cfPWV (R=0.32, p=0.02); GO with the index of the double product IDP (R=0.36, p=0.01). Conclusion: it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive assessment of arterial stiffness and daily dynamics of central aortic pressure in women of all ages, suffering from obesity and, first of all, its abdominal type, in order to early diagnosis of subclinical changes in the vascular wall and central hemodynamic disturbances.

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STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL VASCULAR CHANGES IN HIGH NORMAL ARTERIAL PRESSURE

BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE ◽

10.15547//tjs.2020.01.002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 7-11

Author(s):

P. Nikolov

Keyword(s):

Arterial Pressure ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Pressure ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Aortic Pressure ◽

Large Arteries ◽

Central Aortic Pressure ◽

Significant Difference

The PURPUSE of the present study is changes in function and structure of large arteries in individuals with High Normal Arterial Pressure (HNAP) to be established. MATERIAL and METHODS: Structural and functional changes in the large arteries were investigated in 80 individuals with HNAP and in 45 with optimal arterial pressure (OAP). In terms of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AI), central aortic pressure (CAP), pulse pressure (PP) were followed up in HNAP group. Intima media thickness (IMT), flow-induced vasodilatation (FMD), ankle-brachial index (ABI) were also studied. RESULTS: Significantly increased values of pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, central aortic pressure, pulse pressure are reported in the HNAP group. In terms of IMT and ABI, being in the reference interval, there is no significant difference between HNAP and OAP groups. The calculated cardiovascular risk (CVR) in both groups is low. CONCLUSION: Significantly higher values of pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, central aortic pressure and pulse pressure in the HNAP group are reported.

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Central Aortic Pressure Influences Pulse Wave Velocity

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/01.hyp.0000041883.60004.7b ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Andrew Zambanini ◽

Simon A. McG Thom ◽

Alun D. Hughes ◽

Kim H. Parker

Keyword(s):

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Aortic Pressure ◽

Central Aortic Pressure

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Pulse wave velocity and central aortic pressure in systolic blood pressure intervention trial participants

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0203305 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. e0203305 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mark A. Supiano ◽

Laura Lovato ◽

Walter T. Ambrosius ◽

Jeffrey Bates ◽

Srinivasan Beddhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Aortic Pressure ◽

Intervention Trial ◽

Central Aortic Pressure ◽

Trial Participants

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The Relationship between Effective Arterial Capacitance and Pulse Wave Velocity is Dependent on Left Ventricular Stroke Volume

Angiology ◽

10.1177/0003319708315306 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 82-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Oladipupo Olafiranye ◽

Ghazanfar Qureshi ◽

Louis Salciccioli ◽

Kinda Vernon-Jones ◽

Charles Philip ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Stroke Volume ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Aortic Pressure ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Applanation Tonometry ◽

The Relationship

Background increased arterial stiffness is a predictor of cardiovascular events. The stroke volume (SV) to pulse pressure (PP) ratio is an estimate of arterial capacitance. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a measure of arterial stiffness. This study evaluated the effect of left ventricular (LV) SV on the SV/PP–PWV relationship. Methods 97 patients had applanation tonometry and echocardiography to measure arterial capacitance (SV/PP), PWV, and central aortic pressure. Results 50 patients had normal SV and 47 had low SV. For all patients, PWV inversely correlated with SV/PP. PWV and SV/PP correlated more strongly in the normal SV group than in the low SV group. Aortic PP was significantly correlated with PWV in all patients, in the normal SV group, and in the low SV group. Conclusion effective arterial capacitance correlates with PWV. The presence of decreased SV weakens the relationship.

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