International Journal of Hypertension
Latest Publications


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

601
(FIVE YEARS 193)

H-INDEX

32
(FIVE YEARS 6)

Published By Hindawi Limited

2090-0392, 2090-0384

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chaicharn Deerochanawong ◽  
Kuan-Cheng Chang ◽  
Yu Cho Woo ◽  
Wen-Ter Lai ◽  
Aurauma Chutinet

This phase 4 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of azilsartan medoxomil (AZL-M) in patients with essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Thailand. This was a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, open-label study with patients aged 18–75 years with T2DM and essential hypertension and on stable treatment for T2DM. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension were treated with AZL-M 40 mg daily, with the option to uptitrate to 80 mg at 6 weeks. In all, 380 of the 478 patients screened in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Thailand were enrolled. At week 6, 97 patients (25.5%) were titrated up to AZL-M 80 mg based on BP readings. At 12 weeks, 54.8% of patients reached the blood pressure (BP) goal of <140/85 mm Hg by trough sitting clinic BP (primary endpoint), and 62.8% and 27.0% achieved a BP of <140/90 mm Hg and <130/80 mm Hg, respectively. The efficacy of AZL-M over 12 weeks was also seen in different age and body mass index groups. The incidence of treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was 12.9% before 6 weeks and 16.1% after 6 weeks, and they were mostly mild in severity. The most frequent TEAE was dizziness (4.7%). The incidence of TEAEs leading to study drug discontinuation (4.5%) and drug-related TEAEs (5.0% before 6 weeks; 3.9% after 6 weeks) was low. In patients with essential hypertension and T2DM in Asia, treatment with AZL-M indicated a favorable efficacy and safety profile in achieving target BP.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yancui Sun ◽  
Yanqiu Zhu ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Yan Lu ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
...  

The study aims to explore the relationship between plasma insulin secretion and arterial stiffness in nondiabetic essential hypertensive patients. A total of 730 nondiabetic essential hypertensive patients registered between January 2016 and October 2020 were enrolled. A two-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to detect the levels of C-peptide and blood glucose at 0 hours and 2 hours, as well as the difference between C-peptide (Δ C-peptide) and blood glucose (Δ blood glucose) over the same period. Patients were divided into two groups: the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (n = 322) and the impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) group (n = 408). A multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and the other factors. 0 h C-peptide, 2 h C-peptide, and Δ C-peptide were found to be higher in the IGT group. baPWV was positively linear correlated with 2 h C-peptide (r = 0.086, p = 0.020 ) and Δ C-peptide (r = 0.115, p = 0.002 ). baPWV remained independently associated with 0 h C-peptide, 2 h C-peptide, and Δ C-peptide, after adjusting by age, gender, smoking, body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and triglycerides (TG). Our data shows that higher endogenous insulin secretion might play an important role in the progression of arterial stiffness in nondiabetic essential hypertensive patients.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xiaoqi Wang ◽  
Zhenzhen Chen ◽  
Bin Geng ◽  
Jun Cai

Hypertension is a critical risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. A new concept of microbiota-gut-brain axis has been established recently, mediating the bidirectional communication between the gut and its microbiome and the brain. Alterations in bidirectional interactions are believed to be involved in the blood pressure regulation. Neuroinflammation and increased sympathetic outflow act as the descending innervation signals from the brain. Increased sympathetic activation plays a recognized role in the genesis of hypertension. The present evidence demonstrates that gut dysbiosis is associated with central nervous system neuroinflammation. However, how the gut influences the brain remains unclear. We reviewed the roles of neuroinflammation and gut microbiota and their interactions in the pathogenesis of hypertension and described the ascending signaling mechanisms behind the microbiota-gut-brain axis in detail. Additionally, the innovative prohypertensive mechanisms of dietary salt through the microbiota-gut-brain axis are summarized. The bidirectional communication mechanisms were proposed for the first time that the descending signals from the brain and the ascending connections from the gut form a vicious circle of hypertension progression, acting as a premise for hypertension therapy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Fan-kai Xiao ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Zhan-ying Han ◽  
Li Jing ◽  
Shaohua Hua ◽  
...  

Purpose. High-normal blood pressure has been suggested to associate with target organ damage and higher left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Our aim is to find the association between people with high-normal blood pressure and their left ventricular mass index. Materials and Methods. Given a total of 181 people with office blood pressure, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, 35 of them are normotensive (BP < 130/85 mm Hg), and 146 people with high-normal blood pressure (BP 130–139/85–89 mm Hg), divide the high-normal blood pressure group into dipper and nondipper according to their ABPM in 24 hours. All of them were performed with echocardiography to calculate LVMI. Results. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, mean systolic blood pressure (BP) of the nondipper group is (119 + 9) mmHg in 24 h, which is significantly higher ( p  < 0.05) than in the dipper group (116 + 11) mmHg, indicating the mean systolic BP is associated with the dipper type ( p  < 0.05); furthermore, the higher nocturnal blood pressure is associated with the nondipper group significantly ( p  < 0.05), and LVMI ((121 ± 11) g/m2) of the nondipper group is also significantly higher than in the dipper group’s LVMI ((108 ± 12) g/m2) ( p  < 0.05). The multivariate linear regression analyses revealed significant and independent associations of LVMI with these factors: triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and coefficient of variation of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 24 hours. Conclusion. After multiple relevant clinical confounding factors were adjusted, patients with dipper and nondipper high-normal blood pressure had higher LVMI. Abnormalities in circadian blood pressure variability may be associated with the left ventricular hypertrophy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bo Li ◽  
Lu Zeng ◽  
Nengjun Sun ◽  
Yunhe Zhao ◽  
Faming Zhao ◽  
...  

Increasing evidence has shown an unusual relationship between hypertension and COVID-19, which may not be as simple as previously thought. The purpose of our study was to determine the association of hypertension with the onset and development of COVID-19. A meta-analysis was performed to summarize the prevalence of hypertension in COVID-19 patients, as well as the usage of ACEIs/ARBs. Metaregression analyses were used to evaluate the association of hypertension with disease severity and mortality. PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies. A total of 42 studies including 14138 patients were enrolled in the study. The proportion of hypertension in COVID-19 patients in China was 17.7% according to the enrolled studies, while it was 6.0% in a study containing 72314 confirmed cases, which are both much lower than in the general population. All of the data from the 11 provinces in China showed the same tendency. The proportions of hypertension were higher in severe/ICU patients and nonsurvivors than in nonsevere/ICU patients and survivors. The metaregression analyses suggested that both disease severity and risk of death were associated with the incidence of hypertension. A total of 27.6% of COVID-19 patients with hypertension received ACEI/ARB therapy. The proportion of deaths in COVID-19 patients with hypertension treated with ACEIs/ARBs was significantly lower than that in nonuse patients treated with ACEIs/ARBs. In conclusion, hypertension may reduce the infection risk of COVID-19 but increase the risk of developing worse clinical outcomes. The use of ACEIs/ARBs may benefit COVID-19 patients with hypertension.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yan-li Chen ◽  
Li-Qiang Zheng ◽  
Tie-Jun Li ◽  
Zhao-Qing Sun ◽  
Ying Hao ◽  
...  

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between kinesin-like family 6 (KIF6) polymorphisms and hypertension in a northeast Chinese cohort. In this study, two single nucleotide polymorphisms of KIF6 (rs20456 and rs6930913) and their haplotype were analyzed in 382 hypertension patients and 378 controls with SHEsis analysis platform, and the gene-environmental interactions were evaluated with logistic regression analysis. After adjusting for confounding factors, significantly lower risk of hypertension was observed in participants with genotype TC (0.416 (CI 0.299–0.578), p < 0.001 ) and CC (0.577 (0.389–0.857), p = 0.007 ) of rs20456 compared with TT. For rs6930913, allele T (0.522 (0.386–0.704), p < 0.001 ), genotype TT (0.325 (0.205–0.515), p < 0.001 ), and genotype CT (0.513 (0.379–0.693), p < 0.001 ) were significantly associated with lower risk of hypertension than allele C and CC genotype, respectively. Gene-environment analyses confirmed the significant influence on hypertension by the interactions between genotypes distribution in rs20456 (CT: p = 0.036 , TT: p = 0.022 ) and smoking status. No interactions were found between smoking and rs6930913, except those with dominant or recessive genetic models (both P s = 0.006 ). There were no interactions between KIF6 and overweight (all P s > 0.05 ). Haplotype analyses showed that CC ( p = 0.005 ) and TC ( p = 0.001 ) of rs20456 and rs6930913 were significantly associated with a statistically increased risk of hypertension. The false-positive report probability (FPRP) analysis was used to verify significant findings. In conclusions, KIF6 might affect the susceptibility of hypertension. The allele C (rs20456) and allele T (rs690913) were inclined to protect individuals from hypertension both in genotype and haplotype analyses.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Liting Wu ◽  
Min Chu ◽  
Wenfang Zhuang

Background. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common, sustained cardiac arrhythmia. Recent studies have reported an association between ZFHX3/PRRX1 polymorphisms and AF. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to confirm these associations. Objective and Methods. The PubMed, Embase, and Wanfang databases were searched, covering all publications before July 20, 2020. Results. Overall, seven articles including 3,674 cases and 8,990 healthy controls for ZFHX3 rs2106261 and 1045 cases and 1407 controls for PRRX1 rs3903239 were included. The odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) was used to assess the associations. Publication bias was calculated using Egger’s and Begg’s tests. We found that the ZFHX3 rs2106261 polymorphism increased AF risk in Asians (for example, allelic contrast: OR [95% CI]: 1.39 [1.31–1.47], P < 0.001 ). Similarly, strong associations were detected through stratified analysis using source of control and genotype methods (for example, allelic contrast: OR [95% CI]: 1.51 [1.38–1.64], P < 0.001 for HB; OR [95% CI]: 1.31 [1.21–1.41], P < 0.001 for PB; OR [95% CI]: 1.55 [1.33–1.80], P < 0.001 for TaqMan; and OR [95% CI]: 1.31 [1.21–1.41], P < 0.001 for high-resolution melt). In contrast, an inverse relationship was observed between the PRRX1 rs3903239 polymorphism and AF risk (C-allele vs. T-allele: OR [95% CI]: 0.83 [0.77–0.99], P = 0.036 ; CT vs. TT: OR [95% CI]: 0.79 [0.67–0.94], P = 0.006 ). No obvious evidence of publication bias was observed. Conclusions. In summary, our study suggests that the ZFHX3 rs2106261 and PRRX1 rs3903239 polymorphisms are associated with AF risk, and larger case-controls must be carried out to confirm the abovementioned conclusions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Xia Li ◽  
Huiqin Niu ◽  
XiaoGang Bai ◽  
YuWei Wang ◽  
Weihua Wang

The prevalence of general and central obesity has increased rapidly in China for decades, while little is known on obesity-normal weight-central obesity (NWCO) in China. In this study, we aim to depict the trend of the three kinds of obesity and to explore their associations with hypertension in a cohort study in China. We used data from eight waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009, 2011, and 2015 for analysis. The Cochran–Armitage test was used for trend of the three kinds of obesity or hypertension. Mixed logistic regression was used to explore their relationship. In this study, we found the prevalence of general obesity increased from 20.81% in 1993 to 50.57% in 2015 in China, which was from 19.23% to 56.15% for central obesity and from 27.20% to 49.07% for NWCO, respectively. Males had the highest increase among all the subgroups. The RR for hypertension and general obesity was 3.71 (95%CI: 3.26–4.22), 3.62 (95%CI 3.19–4.12) for central obesity, and 1.60 (95%CI 1.23–2.06) for NWCO after adjusted for age, sex, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, marriage status, urbanicity and income. Both prevalence of obesity and hypertension have increased significantly in China for the two decades. The general obesity was most likely to develop hypertension compared to central or NOCWO in this study.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Bo Chen ◽  
Yuze Cui ◽  
Mengyun Lei ◽  
Wenlei Xu ◽  
Qiongjie Yan ◽  
...  

Objective. To explore the association between high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels and incident hypertension, as well as the association between hs-CRP levels and related covariates, in a Chinese adult population. Methods. This study was based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey, a continuing open, large-scale prospective cohort study. Adult participants who were free of hypertension were included at baseline survey in 2009 and were followed up in 2015 (follow-up rate: 77.45%). The hs-CRP was measured using the immunoturbidimetric method and divided into three groups: low-risk group (0 ≤ hs-CRP <1 mg/L), average-risk group (1 ≤ hs-CRP <3 mg/L), and high-risk group (3 ≤ hs-CRP ≤10 mg/L). Definite diagnosis of hypertension in the follow-up survey in 2015 was the endpoint event of this study. The areas under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to evaluate the predictive value of the hs-CRP. Results. 3794 participants were finally included as study sample, of whom 912 developed hypertension during a 6-year follow-up period (incidence: 24.1%). The incidences of hypertension in hs-CRP low-risk, average-risk, and high-risk groups were 17.6% (200/1135), 25.9% (521/2015), and 29.7% (191/644), respectively. Spearman’s correlation analyses showed that there was significant positive correlation between hs-CRP levels and waist circumference, total triglycerides, total cholesterol, age, body mass index, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index. Stepwise regression analyses showed that participants in the hs-CRP high-risk group had a 46.2% higher risk of developing hypertension compared with those in the hs-CRP low-risk group (odds ratio: 1.462, 95% confidence interval: 1.018–2.101). Baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels and waist circumference contributed the most to the development of hypertension with R2 of 0.076, 0.052, and 0.039, respectively, while hs-CRP had lower area under the curve (AUC) for hypertension, adding baseline BP and WC to the prediction model increased the AUC to 0.708 (95% CI: 0.681–0.735). Conclusion. This study revealed a weak positive association between CRP levels and future incidence of hypertension in the Chinese population. The combination of hs-CRP with baseline BP and waist circumference (WC) had a higher predictive value for hypertension (AUC: 0.708), but the predictive value was still limited.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Xianglin L. Du ◽  
Lara M. Simpson ◽  
Brian C. Tandy ◽  
Judy Bettencourt ◽  
Barry R. Davis

Background. Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) ended in 2002, but it is important to study its long-term outcomes during the posttrial period by incorporating posttrial antihypertensive medication uses in the analysis. Purposes. The primary aim is to explore the patterns of antihypertensive medication use during the posttrial period from Medicare Part-D data over the 11-year period from 2007 to 2017. The secondary aim is to examine the potential effects of these posttrial antihypertensive medications on the observed mortality and morbidity benefits. Methods. This is a posttrial passive follow-up study of ALLHAT participants in 567 US centers in 1994–1998 with the last date of active in-trial follow-up on March 31, 2002, by linking with their Medicare and National Death Index data through 2017 among 8,007 subjects receiving antihypertensive drugs (3,637 for chlorthalidone, 2,189 for amlodipine, and 2,181 for lisinopril). Outcomes included posttrial antihypertensive drug use, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Results. Of 8007 subjects, 3,637 participants were initially randomized to diuretic (chlorthalidone). The majority (67.9%) of them still received diuretics in 2007, and 52.7%, 47.2%, and 44.0% received β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers (CCBs), respectively. Compared to participants who received diuretic-based antihypertensives, those who received CCB had a nonsignificantly higher risk of all-cause mortality (1.17, 0.99–1.37), whereas those who received ACE/ARB (angiotensin receptor blockers) had a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality (1.26, 1.09–1.45). For the combined fatal or nonfatal hospitalized events, the risk of CVD was significantly higher in patients receiving CCB (1.30, 1.04–1.61) and ACE/ARB (1.49, 1.22–1.81) as compared to patients receiving diuretics. Conclusion. After the conclusion of the ALLHAT, almost all patients switched to combination antihypertensive therapies, independently by the original drug class, and the combination therapies (mostly based on diuretics) reduced the incidence of major cardiovascular outcomes and mortality.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document