Validation of the height–width measurement in Perthes disease among interpreters of different experience levels

Automatic driving of trains can significantly reduce the energy cost and enhance the operating efficiency and safety. The automatic train driving system has to be an embedded system that can run onboard with low power, which necessitates an efficient inference model. In this article, a level-wise driving knowledge induction approach is proposed for embedded automatic train driving systems. The coincident driving patterns in the records of drivers with different experience levels suggest the suitability of a driving experience knowledge rule induction approach. We design a two-level learning approach to obtain both the driving experience pattern in fuzzy rule-based knowledge form and the detailed parameters of velocity and gear by regression learning methods. With 8.93% energy consumption reduction compared with average human drivers, the experiments indicate the effectiveness of our approach.

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Long-term clinical and radiological outcome in patients with severe Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease after Chiari pelvic osteotomy: a mean of 14 years follow-up

Hip International ◽

10.1177/1120700020988150 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112070002098815

Author(s):

Dammerer Dietmar ◽

Braito Matthias ◽

Peter Ferlic ◽

Kaufmann Gerhard ◽

Juana Kosiol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Joint ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Pelvic Osteotomy ◽

Perthes Disease ◽

Total Hip ◽

Joint Incongruence ◽

Chiari Pelvic Osteotomy

Introduction: The Chiari pelvic osteotomy (CPO) has been recommended as a salvage procedure to improve head coverage in case of hip joint incongruence in paediatric hip disease. In this study, we aimed to assess the long-term results of CPO for severe Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD). Methods: A total of 39 patients who underwent a CPO at our department between 1995 and 2010 were prospectively followed both radiologically (Stulberg classification) and clinically (Harris Hip Score [HHS], conversion into total hip arthroplasty). In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the cases of 12 hips (12 patients, 3 girls, 8 left hips) treated by CPO for severe LCPD (Catterall grade 3 or 4) with hip joint incongruence. Mean follow-up was 14.0 (range 7.6–21.3) years. Results: Mean age at surgery was 10.2 (range 8.2–17.8) years. Additional femoral osteotomy was performed in 8 patients. A good radiological result (Stulberg I or II) was achieved in 2 patients, a fair result (Stulberg III) in 4 patients, and a poor outcome (Stulberg IV or V) in 6 patients. Mean postoperative HHS averaged 93 (range 65–100) points. An excellent functional outcome (HHS 90–100 points) was achieved in 9 patients. No patient underwent total hip arthroplasty during follow-up. Postoperative limb-length discrepancy was found in 3 patients. Conclusions: CPO for severe LCPD with hip joint incongruence resulted in good long-term clinical outcome in about ⅔ of our patients after a mean of 14 years. Our results suggest that CPO can still be considered as a salvage joint-conserving procedure in this selected group of younger patients.

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The effect of prior experience on diagnostic reasoning: exploration of availability bias

Diagnosis ◽

10.1515/dx-2019-0091 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 265-272

Author(s):

Sandra Monteiro ◽

Jonathan Sherbino ◽

Jonathan S. Ilgen ◽

Emily M. Hayden ◽

Elizabeth Howey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Diagnostic Error ◽

Diagnostic Reasoning ◽

Error Rates ◽

Prior Exposure ◽

Clinical Vignettes ◽

Experience Levels ◽

Similar Patient

AbstractObjectivesDiagnostic reasoning has been shown to be influenced by a prior similar patient case. However, it is unclear whether this process influences diagnostic error rates or whether clinicians at all experience levels are equally susceptible. The present study measured the influence of specific prior exposure and experience level on diagnostic accuracy.MethodsTo create the experience of prior exposure, participants (pre-clerkship medical students, emergency medicine residents, and faculty) first verified diagnoses of clinical vignettes. The influence of prior exposures was measured using equiprobable clinical vignettes; indicating two diagnoses. Participants diagnosed equiprobable cases that were: 1) matched to exposure cases (in one of three conditions: a) similar patient features, similar clinical features; b) dissimilar patient features, similar clinical features; c) similar patient features, dissimilar clinical features), or 2) not matched to any prior case (d) no exposure). A diagnosis consistent with a matched exposure case was scored correct. Cases with no prior exposure had no matched cases, hence validated the equiprobable design.ResultsDiagnosis A represented 47% of responses in condition d, but there was no influence of specific similarity of patient characteristics for Diagnosis A, F(3,712)=7.28, p=0.28 or Diagnosis B, F(3,712)=4.87, p=0.19. When re-scored based on matching both equiprobable diagnoses, accuracy was high, but favored faculty (n=40) 98%, and residents (n=39) 98% over medical students (n=32) 85%, F(2,712)=35.6, p<0.0001. Accuracy for medical students was 84, 87, 94, and 73% for conditions a–d, respectively, interaction F(2,712)=3.55, p<0.002.ConclusionsThe differential diagnosis of pre-clerkship medical students improved with prior exposure, but this was unrelated to specific case or patient features. The accuracy of medical residents and staff was not influenced by prior exposure.

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Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Osteoarthritis Associated With Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease: Perioperative Complications and Patient-Reported Outcomes

The Journal of Arthroplasty ◽

10.1016/j.arth.2021.02.031 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chris A. Anthony ◽

Marcin K. Wasko ◽

Gail E. Pashos ◽

Robert L. Barrack ◽

Ryan M. Nunley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Perioperative Complications ◽

Perthes Disease ◽

Total Hip ◽

Patient Reported

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Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Database ◽

10.1093/database/baz085 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Brown ◽

Aik-Choon Tan ◽

Mohamed A El-Esawi ◽

Thomas Liehr ◽

Oliver Blanck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Literature Search ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Biomedical Literature ◽

Medical Subject Headings ◽

Document Similarity ◽

Inverse Document Frequency ◽

Research Fields ◽

Experience Levels ◽

Document Frequency ◽

Systematic Biases

Abstract Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.

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