What is the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound versus x-ray for closed metatarsal fractures?

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Nilsen ◽  
Mary Boyce ◽  
Sammy Raad
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metatarsal Fractures

Diagnostic efficacy and suitability of trans-thoracic ultrasonography for pleural fluid detection – The future non-invasive gold-standard?

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Abdul Rasheed Qureshi ◽  
Zeeshan Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Amjad Ramzan ◽  
Tehmina Naeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Chest Sonography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fluid Detection

ABSTRACT Background: Conventionally Pleural effusions are suspected by history of pleuritis, evaluated by physical signs and multiple view radiography. Trans-thoracic pleural aspiration is done and aspirated pleural fluid is considered the gold-standard for pleural effusion. Chest sonography has the advantage of having high diagnostic efficacy over radiography for the detection of pleural effusion. Furthermore, ultrasonography is free from radiation hazards, inexpensive, readily available  and feasible for use in ICU, pregnant and pediatric patients. This study aims to explore the diagnostic accuracy of trans-thoracic ultrasonography for pleural fluid detection, which is free of such disadvantages. The objective is to determine the diagnostic efficacy of trans-thoracic ultrasound for detecting pleural effusion and also to assess its suitability for being a non-invasive gold-standard.   Subject and Methods: This retrospective study of 4597 cases was conducted at pulmonology  OPD-Gulab Devi Teaching Hospital, Lahore from November 2016 to July 2018. Adult patients with clinical features suggesting pleural effusions were included while those where no suspicion of pleural effusion, patients < 14 years and pregnant ladies were excluded. Patients were subjected to chest x-ray PA and Lateral views and chest ultrasonography was done by a senior qualified radiologist in OPD. Ultrasound-guided pleural aspiration was done in OPD & fluid was sent for analysis. At least 10ml aspirated fluid was considered as diagnostic for pleural effusion. Patient files containing history, physical examination, x-ray reports, ultrasound reports, pleural aspiration notes and informed consent were retrieved, reviewed and findings were recorded in the preformed proforma. Results were tabulated and conclusion was drawn by statistical analysis. Results: Out of 4597 cases, 4498 pleural effusion were manifested on CXR and only 2547(56.62%) pleural effusions were proved by ultrasound while 2050 (45.57%) cases were reported as no Pleural effusion. Chest sonography demonstrated sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy 100 % each. Conclusions: Trans-thoracic ultrasonography revealed an excellent efficacy that is why it can be considered as non-invasive gold standard for the detection of pleural effusion.

scholarly journals 3D imaging of proximal caries in posterior teeth using optical coherence tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Shimada ◽  
Michael F. Burrow ◽  
Kazuyuki Araki ◽  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Keiichi Hosaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Proximal Caries ◽  
X Ray

Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can create cross-sectional images of tooth without X-ray exposure. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of 3D imaging of OCT for proximal caries in posterior teeth. Thirty-six human molar teeth with 51 proximal surfaces visibly 6 intact, 16 slightly demineralized, and 29 distinct carious changes were mounted to take digital radiographs and 3D OCT images. The sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of enamel caries and dentin caries were calculated to quantify the diagnostic ability of 3D OCT in comparison with digital radiography. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by the agreement with histology using weighted Kappa. OCT showed significantly higher sensitivity, AUC and Kappa values than radiography. OCT can be a safer option for the diagnosis of proximal caries in posterior teeth that can be applied to the patients without X-ray exposure.

A sensitometric comparison of four dental X-ray films and their diagnostic accuracy.

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Svenson ◽  
U Welander ◽  
X Q Shi ◽  
H Stamatakis ◽  
G Tronje
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Ultrasound to Detect Central Venous Catheter Placement Associated Complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasper M. Smit ◽  
Mark E. Haaksma ◽  
Endry H. T. Lim ◽  
Thei S. Steenvoorden ◽  
Michiel J. Blans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Central Venous Catheterization ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Central Venous Catheter Placement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Venous Catheterization ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract Background Mechanical complications arising after central venous catheter placement are mostly malposition or pneumothorax. To date, to confirm correct position and detect pneumothorax, chest x-ray film has been the reference standard, while ultrasound might be an accurate alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound to detect central venous catheter malposition and pneumothorax. Methods This was a prospective, multicenter, diagnostic accuracy study conducted at the intensive care unit and postanesthesia care unit. Adult patients who underwent central venous catheterization of the internal jugular vein or subclavian vein were included. Index test consisted of venous, cardiac, and lung ultrasound. Standard reference test was chest x-ray film. Primary outcome was diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound to detect malposition and pneumothorax; for malposition, sensitivity, specificity, and other accuracy parameters were estimated. For pneumothorax, because chest x-ray film is an inaccurate reference standard to diagnose it, agreement and Cohen’s κ-coefficient were determined. Secondary outcomes were accuracy of ultrasound to detect clinically relevant complications and feasibility of ultrasound. Results In total, 758 central venous catheterizations were included. Malposition occurred in 23 (3.3%) out of 688 cases included in the analysis. Ultrasound sensitivity was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.49 to 0.86) and specificity 0.99 (95% CI, 0.98 to 1.00). Pneumothorax occurred in 5 (0.7%) to 11 (1.5%) out of 756 cases according to chest x-ray film and ultrasound, respectively. In 748 out of 756 cases (98.9%), there was agreement between ultrasound and chest x-ray film with a Cohen’s κ-coefficient of 0.50 (95% CI, 0.19 to 0.80). Conclusions This multicenter study shows that the complication rate of central venous catheterization is low and that ultrasound produces a moderate sensitivity and high specificity to detect malposition. There is moderate agreement with chest x-ray film for pneumothorax. In conclusion, ultrasound is an accurate diagnostic modality to detect malposition and pneumothorax. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New

scholarly journals A pilot study evaluating erect chest imaging in children, using the Lodox Statscan digital X-ray machine

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupesh Baloo Daya ◽  
Maurice A Kibel ◽  
Richard Denys Pitcher ◽  
Lesley Workman ◽  
Tania S Douglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Computed Radiography ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Airway Narrowing ◽  
Cr System

ABSTRACT Background: Chest radiography accounts for a significant proportion of ionising radiation in children. The radiation dose of radiographs performed on the Lodox Statscan system has been shown to be lower than that of a computed radiography (CR) system. The role of the Lodox Statscan (hereafter referred to as the Statscan) in routine erect chest radiography in children has not been evaluated. Objective: To evaluate the image quality and diagnostic accuracy of erect paediatric chest radiographs obtained with the Statscan and compare this with conventional erect chest images obtained with a CR system. Materials and Methods: Thirty three children with suspected chest pathology were enrolled randomly over a period of three months. Erect chest radiographs were obtained with the Statscan, and a Shimadzu R-20J X-ray machine coupled with a Fuji FCR 5000 CR system. Image quality and diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic capability were evaluated between the two modalities. Results: The erect Statscan allowed superior visualisation of the three major airways. Statscan images however, demonstrated exposure and movement artifacts with hemidiaphragms and ribs most prone to movement. Bronchovascular clarity was also considered unsatisfactory on the Statscan images. Conclusion: The Statscan has limitations in erect chest radiography in terms of movement artefacts, exposure fluctuations, and poor definition of lung markings. Despite this, the Statscan allows better visualisation of the major airways, equivalent to a ‘high KV’ film at a fraction of the radiation dose. This supports the finding of an earlier study evaluating Statscan images in trauma cases, where the images were taken supine. Statscan has great potential in assisting in the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis where airway narrowing occurs as a result of nodal compression.

DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF CHEST X-RAY IN THE DETECTION OF PNEUMOTHORAX IN BLUNT CHEST TRAUMA PATIENTS WITH CT AS THE GOLD STANDARD

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danquale Vance Kynshikhar ◽  
Chaman Lal Kaushal ◽  
Ashwani Tomar ◽  
Neeti Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Blunt Chest Trauma ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Care Level ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background: To study the diagnostic accuracy of chest X-ray in the detection of pneumothorax in blunt chest trauma patients with CT as the Gold Standard Methods: The present study was conducted from 31th July 2018 to 30th July 2019. A total of 36 patients were enrolled in the study. Results: On Chest X-Ray Supine AP view, pneumothorax was detected in 11 of 24 patients. The sensitivity of Chest X-Ray Supine AP view was 45.83%, specificity was 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) was 48% and accuracy was 63.89% for the diagnosis of pneumothorax. Conclusion: A Chest radiograph is the most preferred and relevant primary investigation in the diagnosis of pneumothorax even with the various advanced techniques that are available. X-ray being relatively cheaper and is easily available even at the peripheral centers at the primary health care level. Keywords: X-ray, CT, Pneumothorax

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