Health Knowledge and Adherence as Predictors of Viral Burden and CD4+ T-Cell Count in Youth and Young Adults Living With HIV

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-465
Author(s):  
Courtney Lynn ◽  
Tiffany Chenneville ◽  
Kathy Bradley-Klug ◽  
Audra St. John Walsh ◽  
Robert F. Dedrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Viral Burden ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

scholarly journals EBV AND HHV-6 CIRCULATING SUBTYPES IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN BURKINA FASO, IMPACT ON CD4 T CELL COUNT AND HIV VIRAL LOAD

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2017049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lassina TRAORE ◽  
Ouéogo NIKIEMA ◽  
Abdoul Karim OUATTARA ◽  
Tegwindé Rébéca COMPAORE ◽  
Serge Théophile SOUBEIGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6) are responsible for severe diseases, particularly in immunocompromised persons. There are poor data on the infection with these opportunistic viruses in Burkina Faso.The purpose of this study is to characterize EBV and HHV-6 subtypes and to assess their impact on CD4 T cell count, HIV-1 viral load and antiretroviral treatment in people living with HIV-1.The study population consisted of 238 HIV-positive patients with information on CD4 count, HIV-1 viral load and HAART. Venous blood samples collected on EDTA tubes were used for EBV and HHV-6 Real Time PCR subtyping.An infection rate of 6.7% (16/238) and 7.1% (17/238) were found respectively for EBV and HHV-6 in the present study. Among EBV infections, similar prevalences were noted for both subtypes (3.9% [9/238] for EBV-1 vs 4.6% [11/238] for EBV-2) with 2.1% (5/238) of co-infection. HHV-6A infection represented 6.3% (15/238) of the study population against 5.0% (12/238) for HHV-6B. . EBV-2 infection was significantly higher in patients with CD4 count ≥ 500 compared to those with CD4 count less than 500 cells (1.65% vs 8.56%, p = 0,011). The prevalence of EBV and HHV-6 infections were almost similar in HAART-naive and HAART-experienced patients.The present study provides information on the prevalence of EBV and HHV-6 subtypes in people living with HIV-1 in Burkina Faso. The study also suggests that HAART treatment has no effect on infection with these opportunistic viruses in people living with HIV-1.

Long-term virological effectiveness with darunavir/ritonavir-based salvage therapy in people living with HIV/AIDS from São Paulo, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 967-975
Author(s):  
Ariane Melaré Ramos dos Santos ◽  
Amaury Pachione Martins ◽  
Denise Juliato ◽  
Érique José Farias Peixoto de Miranda ◽  
Giselle Ibette Silva Lopez Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Salvage Therapy ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Poor Adherence ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Even though darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) has high potency and a greater genetic barrier, there are few studies on the long-term effectiveness of DRV/r-based salvage therapy in people living with HIV (PLWH) in low and middle-income countries. This retrospective cohort study, from São Paulo, Brazil, included ART-experienced PLWH aged ≥18 years with virological failure (VF) who had started DRV/r plus an optimized background regimen (OBR) between 2008 and 2012. The proportion of patients with viral load (VL) <50 copies/mL, the improved mean CD4+ T cell count and the factors associated with VF during the 144-week follow-up were assessed. The study included 173 patients with the following characteristics [median (interquartile range)]: age 48 (42 -53) years; CD4+ T cell count, 229 (89 -376) cells/mm3; VL, 4.26 (3.70 -4.74) log10; 6 (4 -7) previous regimens; and 100 (38 -156) months of VF. After 144 weeks, 129 (75%) patients had VL< 50 copies/mL and a mean increase in the CD4+ T cell count of 190 cells/mm3. VL>100,000 copies/mL and poor adherence were associated with VF. DRV/r plus an OBR showed high long-term virological suppression and immunological recovery. VL>100,000 copies/mL and poor adherence were associated with VF at 144 weeks.

scholarly journals Should we perform the serum cryptococcal antigen test in people living with HIV hospitalized due to a community-acquired pneumonia episode?

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Adriana Paulino Silva ◽  
Carolina Toniolo Zenatti ◽  
Claudia Figueiredo-Mello ◽  
Marinella Della Negra ◽  
Anna S Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cryptococcal Antigen ◽  
Trial Testing ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common cause of hospitalization among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH), particularly those with severe immunosuppression. Pulmonary disease due to cryptococcosis is uncommonly reported and likely under-diagnosed. There is scarce information about cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) prevalence in PLWH with CAP. The objectives of this study were to identify among PLWH who were hospitalized with CAP: (i) the prevalence of serum CrAg positivity, (ii) the proportion with asymptomatic vs. symptomatic cryptococcosis; and (iii) the prevalence of serum CrAg positivity in CD4+ T-cell count <100 cells/mm3. We performed a sub-analysis of a prospective cohort of hospitalized adults enrolled into a randomized clinical trial testing therapy for CAP. We included 202 participants who had serum CrAg testing performed. We found a 3.5% prevalence of serum CrAg-positivity overall, being higher (5.7%) in CD4+ T-cell count <100 cells/mm3. Overall, asymptomatic and symptomatic cryptococcosis were present in 2.0% and 1.5%, respectively. This study identifies a target population for CrAg testing: PLWH hospitalized with diagnosis of CAP, particularly those with CD4+ T-cell count <100 cells/mm3 where the number needed to test was 18 to detect 1 CrAg-positive person. This approach may facilitate the detection of asymptomatic cryptococcal infection and allow a timely diagnosis of symptomatic cryptococcal disease.

scholarly journals Increased CD4 : CD8 ratio normalization with implementation of current ART management guidelines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Zhabokritsky ◽  
Leah Szadkowski ◽  
Curtis Cooper ◽  
Mona Loutfy ◽  
Alexander Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Abstract Objectives To determine the time to CD4 : CD8 ratio normalization among Canadian adults living with HIV in the modern ART era. To identify characteristics associated with ratio normalization. Patients and methods Retrospective analysis of the Canadian Observational Cohort (CANOC), an interprovincial cohort of ART-naive adults living with HIV, recruited from 11 treatment centres across Canada. We studied participants initiating ART between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2016 with baseline CD4 : CD8 ratio &lt;1.0 and ≥2 follow-up measurements. Normalization was defined as two consecutive CD4 : CD8 ratios ≥1.0. Kaplan–Meier estimates and log-rank tests described time to normalization. Univariable and multivariable proportional hazards (PH) models identified factors associated with ratio normalization. Results Among 3218 participants, 909 (28%) normalized during a median 2.6 years of follow-up. Participants with higher baseline CD4+ T-cell count were more likely to achieve normalization; the probability of normalization by 5 years was 0.68 (95% CI 0.62–0.74) for those with baseline CD4+ T-cell count &gt;500 cells/mm3 compared with 0.16 (95% CI 0.11–0.21) for those with ≤200 cells/mm3 (P &lt; 0.0001). In a multivariable PH model, baseline CD4+ T-cell count was associated with a higher likelihood of achieving ratio normalization (adjusted HR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.5–1.6 per 100 cells/mm3, P &lt; 0.0001). After adjusting for baseline characteristics, time-dependent ART class was not associated with ratio normalization. Conclusions Early ART initiation, at higher baseline CD4+ T-cell counts, has the greatest impact on CD4 : CD8 ratio normalization. Our study supports current treatment guidelines recommending immediate ART start, with no difference in ratio normalization observed based on ART class used.

scholarly journals Lifetime Changes in CD4 T-cell count, Viral Load Suppression and Adherence Among Adolescents Living With HIV in Urban Peru

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Carly A. Rodriguez ◽  
Lenka Kolevic ◽  
Alicia Ramos ◽  
Milagros Wong ◽  
Maribel Munoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Viral Load Suppression ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

scholarly journals Effect of Social Support on Quality of Life, CD4+ T-cell Count and Viral Load of People Living With HIV/AIDS

10.3823/2082 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilmara Holanda Cunha ◽  
Marli Teresinha Gimeniz Galvão ◽  
Maria Luciana Teles Fiuza ◽  
Maria Amanda Correia Lima ◽  
Samyla Citó Pedrosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count
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