Nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and self-regulation as predictors of overweight and obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 511-512
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Overweight And Obesity

Nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and self-regulation as predictors of overweight and obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roula Balani ◽  
Heidi Herrington ◽  
Emily Bryant ◽  
Colleen Lucas ◽  
Son Chae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Overweight And Obesity

scholarly journals The Food and Nutrition Environment at Secondary Schools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa as Reported by Learners

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4038
Author(s):  
Alice P. Okeyo ◽  
Eunice Seekoe ◽  
Anniza de Villiers ◽  
Mieke Faber ◽  
Johanna H. Nel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Nutrition Environment ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Government

Overweight and obesity are growing concerns in adolescents, particularly in females in South Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the food and nutrition environment in terms of government policy programs, nutrition education provided, and foods sold at secondary schools in the Eastern Cape province. Sixteen schools and grade 8–12 learners (N = 1360) were randomly selected from three health districts comprising poor disadvantaged communities. Based on age and sex specific body mass index (BMI) cut-off values, 13.3% of males and 5.5% of females were underweight, while 9.9% of males and 36.1% of females were overweight or obese. The main food items purchased at school were unhealthy energy-dense items such as fried flour dough balls, chocolates, candies, and crisps/chips. Nutrition knowledge scores based on the South African food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) were poor for 52% to 23.4% learners in Grades 8 to 12, respectively. Female learners generally had significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores compared to their male counterparts (p = 0.016). Questions poorly answered by more than 60% of learners, included the number of fruit and vegetable portions required daily, food to eat when overweight, foods containing fiber, and importance of legumes. It was noted that the majority of teachers who taught nutrition had no formal nutrition training and their responses to knowledge questions were poor indicating that they were not familiar with the FBDGs, which are part of the curriculum. Nutrition assessment as part of the Integrated School Health Program was done on few learners. Overall however, despite some challenges the government national school meal program provided meals daily to 96% of learners. In general, the school food and nutrition environment was not conducive for promoting healthy eating.

scholarly journals The Program Niño Sano, Adulto Sano Improves Mothers’ Nutrition Knowledge and Food Practices, and Reduces Obesity in School-aged Children from a Low-income Setting in Mexico (FS16-02-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolitzin C Hernandez ◽  
Gilda Zacarias ◽  
Olga García
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nutrition Program ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Food Practices

Abstract Objectives Evaluate the effect of the nutrition program Niño Sano, Adulto Sano (Healthy Child, Healthy Adult) on mother's nutrition knowledge and food practices. Also, to determine its effect on Body Mass Index (BMI) of both mothers and their children. Methods A total of 43 mothers (35 ± 5 y) and their school-aged children (9 ± 3 y) participated in a 6-month longitudinal controlled study. Participants were residents of two low income communities in Queretaro, Mexico. The program Niño Sano, Adulto Sano was developed using the Intervention Mapping Approach and Social Cognitive Theory and consisted on six nutrition education sessions (1 per month) and six cooking workshops. The control group received three sessions (1 every 2 months) of nutrition education following the Mexican Official Guidelines. Height and weight of mothers and children were taken at baseline and after 6 months to determine mother's BMI and children's BMI-for-age z-score following WHO procedures. Mothers answered a validated questionnaire that consisted of eight Likert-type questions to evaluate nutrition knowledge and food practices at the beginning and end of the study. The data was analyzed by T-student of dependent variables using SPSSv19. Results The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity at baseline was 88.3% and 51.4% for the mothers and their children, respectively. 47% of the children were girls. Mothers that participated in the nutrition program improved their nutrition related knowledge and food practices by 2.99 points (3.14, 95%CI: 1.21, 4.76; P = 0.0001) compared to the control group (1.27, 95%CI: 0.15, 2.39; P = 0.028). Children of the mothers that participated in the program significantly reduce their BMI for age by −0.27 units (0.30, 95%CI: 0.22, 0.39; P = 0.0001) compared with the control group (0.02, 95%IC: −0.11, 0.17 P = 0.70). No differences were observed between groups in the mothers’ BMI at the end of the study. Conclusions The nutrition intervention Niño Sano, Adulto Sano improved nutrition knowledge and food practices of participating mothers, it reduced BMI for age a of their children, but had no effect on mother's BMI. Funding Sources Fondo de Proyectos Especiales de Rectoría (FOPER) of the Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro.

scholarly journals Establishing good dietary habits – capturing the minds of children

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (1a) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Westenhoefer
Keyword(s):  
Weight Control ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
The Social

AbstractObjective:To review the psycho-social research with respect to relevance for the development of nutritional education strategies.Results:The eating behaviour of the newborn baby is controlled by innate preferences and dislikes, and by biological self-regulation. These innate control-systems are modified by learning processes, most importantly by the mere exposure to unknown food, by social influences, and by associating the physiological consequences of food intake with taste cues. The last decades have witnessed a change of the social meaning of food and eating, and the social context of eating is subject to dramatic changes. While on the one hand, prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing, even young children deliberately practise weight control measures ranging from selective food choice to self-induced vomiting thus including behaviours which are clearly symptomatic of eating disorders. Such behaviour is motivated by unrealistic conceptions of a healthy body weight and shape. Children are interested in a range of nutrition topics. However, these topics have to be related to direct perceivable benefits from nutrition.Conclusions:Educational strategies should: firstly, focus on providing a variety of foods, including a range of nutrient-dense ‘healthy’ food and encouraging children to taste it; secondly, provide a stable and predictive pattern of social eating occasions to promote the social meaning and importance of eating and to enable social learning of food preferences; and finally, encourage a positive body image by providing advice and reassurance regarding the range of healthy and acceptable body weights and shapes.

scholarly journals Impact of preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum culinary nutrition education interventions: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael M Taylor ◽  
Julia A Wolfson ◽  
Fiona Lavelle ◽  
Moira Dean ◽  
Julia Frawley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cooking Skills ◽  
Education Interventions ◽  
Parent Child

Abstract Context Frequent consumption of home-prepared meals is associated with higher diet quality in children and adults. Therefore, increasing the culinary skills of women and couples during their childbearing years may be an effective strategy for the prevention of overweight and obesity. Objective To determine the impact of culinary nutrition-education interventions for women with or without their partners during preconception, pregnancy, or postpartum (PPP) on parental cooking skills, nutrition knowledge, parent/child diet quality, or health outcomes. Data sources Eligibility criteria were defined using a PICOS framework. A systematic search strategy was developed to identify eligible studies and was implemented in 11 electronic databases. Reference lists of selected systematic reviews were manually searched for additional studies. Data extraction Study characteristics and outcomes were extracted from eligible studies by 1 reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Data analysis A narrative synthesis of the findings of eligible studies was prepared including descriptive statistics. Reporting was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis in systematic reviews reporting guideline. Results A total of 6951 articles were identified from the search strategy and 31 studies during pregnancy or postpartum were included. By category, the number of studies with a favorable outcome per total number of studies measuring outcome were as follows: parental food/cooking skills (n = 5 of 5), nutrition knowledge (n = 6 of 11), parent/child diet quality (n = 10 of 19), infant feeding (n = 6 of 11), eating behavior (n = 2 of 5), maternal (n = 2 of 5) and child anthropometry (n = 6 of 10), mental health and development n = (2 of 3), and clinical indictors (n = 1 of 1). Conclusions Culinary nutrition-education interventions during pregnancy and the postpartum period show promise in improving cooking skills, diet quality, and a variety of health-related outcomes. The precise effect of these interventions during PPP is limited by the quality and heterogeneity of study designs to date. Systematic review registration PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020154966

scholarly journals Advertising of ultra-processed foods and beverages: children as a vulnerable population

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Mallarino ◽  
Luis F Gómez ◽  
Laura González-Zapata ◽  
Yazmín Cadena ◽  
Diana C Parra
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
American Children

The rapid nutrition transition occurring in Latin America has resulted in a sharp increase of childhood overweight and obesity. Recent evidence has shown that food and beverage advertising has a great influence on children’s eating behavior. This population has become a key target market for the ultra-processed foods and beverages industry, which is marketing products in an aggressive way. Evidence shows that Latin American countries have poor regulation of ultra-processed foods and beverages advertising, where the discourse of self-regulation still prevails over statutory regulations. The following commentary explores how advertising might play an important role in developing unhealthy dietary patterns and obesity in Latin American children, as well as the urgent need for government action and the involvement of civil society to tackle this public health issue.

scholarly journals Eating Frequency Is Not Associated with Obesity in Chinese Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinge Zhang ◽  
Yueqiao Wang ◽  
Jason Brinkley ◽  
Theresa Oniffrey ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Time Pattern ◽  
Eating Frequency ◽  
Lower Education Level ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Food Budget

The prevalence of overweight and obesity has been increasing globally. Recent studies suggest that eating frequency (EF) might be a factor influencing the development of overweight and obesity. This study aims to explore the association between eating frequency and obesity in Chinese adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wuhan, China, from March to June 2016. A self-administered questionnaire and 24-h dietary recall were used to collect data on sociodemographic variables, lifestyle factors, nutrition knowledge, and eating frequency. Participants were divided into four groups according to eating frequency and meal timing: traditional time pattern (TTP), traditional time plus late snack pattern (TTLSP), irregular time pattern (ITP), and all-day pattern (ADP). We performed the chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression to assess associations among variables using JMP statistical software version 14.0.0 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Respondents were Chinese adults (N = 2290; range 29–74 years; 1162 men). Lower education level, higher food budget, and lower nutrition knowledge were associated with higher likelihood of irregular EF patterns (TTLSP, ITP, or ADP). Men, non-smokers, and participants with less physical activity, lower education level, or lower nutrition knowledge were more likely to be obese. Body mass index (BMI) categorization was significantly different among EF pattern groups (χ2 = 25.40, p = 0.003); however, this association was no longer significant in the regression model after adjustment for age, sex, education, smoking, food budget, nutrition knowledge, and physical activity. Thus, EF is not associated with obesity in Chinese adults.

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